Attention and Memory: Master the Fundamentals for Educators

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a core component of working memory, as proposed by Baddeley and Hitch's model?

Accepted Answer

Episodic buffer

Answer

Central executive

Answer

Phonological loop

Answer

Visuo-spatial sketchpad

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a key component of attention?

Accepted Answer

Task-switching

Answer

Selective focusing

Answer

Sustained attention

Question 3

In the context of educational settings, what is the primary function of attention?

Accepted Answer

Allocating cognitive resources to relevant tasks

Answer

Filtering out irrelevant information

Question 4

In the Baddeley and Hitch working memory model, which component is responsible for coordinating and integrating information from other components?

Accepted Answer

Central executive

Answer

Phonological loop

Question 5

According to the interference theory of forgetting, what type of memory interference is most likely to occur when the to-be-remembered information is similar to previously learned information?

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference

Answer

Retroactive interference

Question 6

Which of the following is not a factor that can influence memory retrieval?

Accepted Answer

Time of day

Answer

State-dependent learning

Answer

Mood congruence

Answer

Schema activation

Question 7

Which of the following is a common challenge faced by students with attention deficits?

Accepted Answer

Sustained attention

Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Alternating attention

Answer

Divided attention

Question 8

Which of the following is not a commonly recognized type of attention?

Accepted Answer

Habitual attention

Answer

Sustained attention

Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Divided attention

Question 9

Working memory is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Processing information for immediate use

Answer

Storing long-term memories

Answer

Encoding new memories

Answer

Retrieving memories from long-term storage

Question 10

Which type of memory is characterized by its large capacity and long-term storage?

Accepted Answer

Long-term memory

Answer

Sensory memory

Answer

Working memory

Answer

Procedural memory

Question 11

How does metacognition enhance memory performance in educational contexts?

Accepted Answer

Metacognition enables students to monitor their memory processes, assess their effectiveness, and modify strategies as needed.

Answer

Metacognition is solely concerned with memorizing specific information.

Answer

Metacognitive techniques are only applicable to explicit memory tasks.

Question 12

According to Baddeley's working memory model, which component is responsible for the temporary storage of verbal information?

Accepted Answer

Phonological loop

Answer

Visuospatial sketchpad

Answer

Episodic buffer

Answer

Central executive

Question 13

Which of the following techniques is most effective for improving long-term memory retention?

Accepted Answer

Spaced repetition

Answer

Cramming

Answer

Chunking

Answer

Elaboration

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Accepted Answer

Anxiety

Answer

Difficulty sustaining attention

Answer

Hyperactivity

Answer

Impulsivity

Question 15

Which of the following theories suggests that memory is a reconstructive process?

Accepted Answer

Schema theory

Answer

Levels of processing theory

Answer

Dual coding theory

Answer

Gestalt theory

Question 16

What is the primary role of the hippocampus in memory?

Accepted Answer

Formation of new memories

Answer

Storage of long-term memories

Answer

Retrieval of memories

Answer

Encoding of sensory information

Question 17

What is the fundamental difference between explicit and implicit memory?

Accepted Answer

Explicit memory is conscious and intentional, while implicit memory is unconscious and automatic

Answer

Implicit memory is conscious and intentional, while explicit memory is unconscious and automatic

Answer

Explicit memory is long-term, while implicit memory is short-term

Answer

There is no difference between explicit and implicit memory

Question 18

According to Baddeley and Hitch's working memory model, which component temporarily stores visual and spatial information?

Accepted Answer

Visuo-spatial sketchpad

Answer

Central executive

Answer

Episodic buffer

Answer

Phonological loop

Question 19

Which theory of attention suggests that we direct our attention based on our expectations about what is important?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy Theory

Answer

Filter Theory

Answer

Capacity Theory

Answer

Arousal Theory

Question 20

Chunking is a technique that can be used to improve selective attention by:

Accepted Answer

Breaking down large pieces of information into smaller, manageable units

Answer

Associating new information with existing knowledge

Answer

Rehearsing information over and over

Answer

Spreading out the time between presentations of information

Question 21

Which of the following describes the serial position effect in memory, where items at the beginning and end of a list are more easily recalled?

Accepted Answer

Primacy and recency effect

Answer

Availability heuristic

Answer

Context effect

Answer

Von Restorff effect

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect an individual's attention span?

Accepted Answer

Gender

Answer

Physiological state

Answer

Motivation

Answer

Task difficulty

Question 23

The process by which information is transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory involves:

Accepted Answer

Consolidation

Answer

Rehearsal

Answer

Retrieval

Answer

Encoding

Question 24

Which of the following memory strategies involves actively connecting new information to pre-existing knowledge in memory?

Accepted Answer

Elaboration

Answer

Mnemonic devices

Answer

Chunking

Answer

Spaced repetition

Question 25

Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as the forgetting curve?

Accepted Answer

The gradual decline in memory strength over time

Answer

The random fluctuation of memory strength over time

Answer

The sudden loss of all memory

Answer

The consistent increase in memory strength over time