Elasticity: Master the Fundamentals of Material Behavior

Question 1

Which fundamental relationship describes the linear proportionality between stress and strain in an elastic material?

Accepted Answer

Hooke's law

Answer

Poisson's ratio

Answer

Young's modulus

Answer

Bulk modulus

Question 2

A material has a Young's modulus of 200 GPa. What stress is needed to produce a strain of 0.005?

Accepted Answer

100 MPa

Answer

1 MPa

Answer

10 MPa

Answer

1 GPa

Question 3

Which property quantifies a material's resistance to deformation under shear loading?

Accepted Answer

Shear modulus

Answer

Young's modulus

Answer

Bulk modulus

Answer

Poisson's ratio

Question 4

Which loading condition results in pure bending?

Accepted Answer

Bending moment

Answer

Axial load

Answer

Torsional moment

Answer

Shear load

Question 5

The stress-strain relationship for a linear elastic material is described by:

Accepted Answer

A straight line passing through the origin

Answer

A parabolic curve

Answer

A logarithmic function

Answer

A hyperbolic curve

Question 6

Which of the following loading conditions will produce both normal and shear stresses in a material?

Accepted Answer

Torsion

Answer

Axial tension

Answer

Axial compression

Answer

Pure bending

Question 7

The Young's modulus of a material represents its:

Accepted Answer

Stiffness in tension or compression

Answer

Resistance to shear deformation

Answer

Volume change under hydrostatic pressure

Answer

Energy stored per unit volume under strain

Question 8

A material with a high Poisson's ratio will experience:

Accepted Answer

Significant lateral expansion under tension

Answer

Negligible lateral contraction under compression

Answer

Equal lateral expansion and contraction under all loading conditions

Answer

Poisson's effect only under shear loading

Question 9

The elastic limit of a material is the point at which:

Accepted Answer

Linear elastic behavior ceases

Answer

Permanent deformation occurs

Answer

Yielding begins

Answer

Fracture occurs

Question 10

Which of the following materials is likely to have the highest elastic modulus?

Accepted Answer

Steel

Answer

Rubber

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Concrete

Question 11

A cantilever beam with a fixed end and a free end will experience:

Accepted Answer

Shear force and bending moment at the fixed end

Answer

Shear force at the fixed end only

Answer

Bending moment at the fixed end only

Answer

Shear force and bending moment at both ends

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a recognized type of elastic modulus?

Accepted Answer

Poisson's ratio

Answer

Young's modulus

Answer

Shear modulus

Answer

Bulk modulus

Question 13

A material with a high Young's modulus can be described as:

Accepted Answer

Rigid and resistant to stretching

Answer

Flexible and easily stretched

Answer

Brittle and prone to fracture

Answer

Soft and easily deformed

Question 14

According to Hooke's law, stress is:

Accepted Answer

Linearly proportional to strain

Answer

Exponentially proportional to strain

Answer

Inversely proportional to strain

Answer

Independent of strain

Question 15

A material's yield strength represents:

Accepted Answer

The stress at which it begins to plastically deform

Answer

The minimum stress it can withstand before failure

Answer

The maximum stress it can withstand before fracture

Answer

The stress at which it returns to its original shape after deformation

Question 16

Which loading condition is most likely to cause a material to fail by buckling?

Accepted Answer

Compression

Answer

Tension

Answer

Shear

Answer

Torsion

Question 17

Which material is most likely to exhibit viscoelastic behavior?

Accepted Answer

Rubber

Answer

Steel

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Concrete

Question 18

The fatigue strength of a material refers to:

Accepted Answer

The maximum stress it can withstand without failing under repeated loading

Answer

The minimum stress it can withstand before fatigue failure

Answer

The stress at which it begins to show signs of fatigue damage

Answer

The stress at which it returns to its original shape after repeated loading

Question 19

Which material exhibits the greatest elasticity?

Accepted Answer

Rubber

Answer

Concrete

Answer

Steel

Answer

Wood

Question 20

What is the relationship between the strain energy (U) stored in an elastic material and its Young's modulus (E)?

Accepted Answer

U is directly proportional to the square of strain (ε) and E.

Answer

U is inversely proportional to the square of ε and E.

Answer

U is directly proportional to ε and E.

Question 21

For a material subjected to a biaxial stress state with equal stresses in both directions, which failure criterion is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Von Mises yield criterion

Answer

Rankine yield criterion

Answer

Tresca yield criterion

Answer

Coulomb-Mohr yield criterion