Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Comprehensive Quizzes for Master of Pharmacy Students

Question 1

Which drug is employed as a ganglion stimulant in the management of paralytic ileus?

Accepted Answer

Bethanechol

Answer

Hexamethonium

Answer

Trimethaphan

Answer

Nicotine

Question 2

Which of the following is a limitation of using ganglionic blockers in the treatment of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Orthostatic hypotension

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Bronchoconstriction

Answer

Constipation

Question 3

Which of the following drugs selectively blocks muscarinic M1 receptors?

Accepted Answer

Pirenzepine

Answer

Atropine

Answer

Tiotropium

Answer

Ipratropium

Question 4

Which of the following drugs acts as a ganglionic stimulant?

Accepted Answer

Nicotine

Answer

Hexamethonium

Answer

Trimethaphan

Answer

Pancuronium

Question 5

Ganglionic blockers exert their effect primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Activating muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Inhibiting acetylcholinesterase

Answer

Depolarizing postganglionic neurons

Question 6

Hexamethonium acts as a:

Accepted Answer

Competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Non-competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Agonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Mixed agonist-antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Question 7

Which drug causes the most prolonged neuromuscular blockade?

Accepted Answer

Pancuronium

Answer

Atracurium

Answer

Succinylcholine

Answer

Veuronium

Question 8

Atracurium is primarily used for:

Accepted Answer

Maintenance of anesthesia

Answer

Intubation

Answer

Reversal of neuromuscular blockade

Answer

Treatment of myasthenia gravis

Question 9

Succinylcholine is classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent

Answer

Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent

Answer

Mixed depolarizing-non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent

Answer

Competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Question 10

What is the primary mechanism of action of ganglionic blockers in inhibiting synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

Competing with acetylcholine for binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on post-ganglionic neurons

Answer

Blocking voltage-gated sodium channels on post-ganglionic neurons

Answer

Enhancing the breakdown of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase

Answer

Activating muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on presynaptic neurons

Question 11

Which adverse effect is commonly associated with the use of ganglionic blockers?

Accepted Answer

Lowered blood pressure

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Slowed heart rate

Answer

Elevated blood pressure

Question 12

In the event of an overdose of a ganglionic blocker, which medication is the recommended antidote?

Accepted Answer

Neostigmine

Answer

Atropine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 13

What is the primary mechanism of action of botulinum toxin in inhibiting neuromuscular transmission?

Accepted Answer

Binding to presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and blocking acetylcholine release

Answer

Blocking voltage-gated sodium channels on presynaptic neurons

Answer

Enhancing the breakdown of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase

Answer

Stimulating the release of noradrenaline from adrenergic nerve terminals

Question 14

Identify the potential adverse effects associated with the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin. Classify these effects into local and systemic categories.

Accepted Answer

Local effects: Injection site reactions, muscle weakness at the injection site

Accepted Answer

Systemic effects: Respiratory weakness, dry mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating

Answer

Cardiovascular effects: Hypotension, arrhythmias

Question 15

Determine whether Hexamethonium is classified as a quaternary ammonium compound or an alkaloid:

Accepted Answer

Quaternary ammonium compound

Answer

Alkaloid

Question 16

Which of the following drugs acts as a nicotinic receptor agonist at autonomic ganglia?

Accepted Answer

Dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP)

Answer

Atropine

Answer

Hexamethonium

Answer

Propranolol

Question 17

Which of the following is a therapeutic application of ganglionic blocking agents?

Accepted Answer

Hypertensive emergencies

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Peptic ulcer disease

Question 18

What is the primary mechanism of action of trimethaphan?

Accepted Answer

Non-depolarizing blockade of nicotinic receptors at autonomic ganglia

Answer

Depolarizing blockade of nicotinic receptors at autonomic ganglia

Answer

Antagonism of muscarinic receptors at autonomic ganglia

Question 19

Which of the following adverse effects is commonly associated with ganglionic blockade?

Accepted Answer

Postural hypotension

Answer

Miosis

Answer

Bronchospasm

Answer

Salivation

Question 20

A patient with a history of glaucoma should avoid which of the following drugs?

Accepted Answer

Mecamylamine

Answer

Pilocarpine

Answer

Timolol

Answer

Betaxolol

Question 21

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released at autonomic ganglia?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 22

Which of the following describes the effect of ganglionic stimulants on the gastrointestinal system?

Accepted Answer

Increase in motility and secretions

Answer

Decrease in motility and secretions

Answer

Relaxation of sphincters

Answer

No significant effect

Question 23

Why are ganglionic blockers rarely used clinically?

Accepted Answer

They are associated with various adverse effects due to their wide spectrum of action.

Answer

They have a very short duration of action.

Answer

They are ineffective in controlling blood pressure.