Master Endocrine Disorders: Online Quizzes for Pharmacy Students

Question 1

In the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the initial pharmacological treatment of choice is:

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Sulfonylureas

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thiazolidinediones

Question 2

The primary mechanism of action of levothyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism is to:

Accepted Answer

Replenish deficient thyroid hormone

Answer

Stimulate thyroid hormone production

Answer

Inhibit thyroid hormone production

Answer

Block the conversion of T4 to T3

Question 3

A key contraindication to the use of corticosteroids in adrenal insufficiency is:

Accepted Answer

Active infection

Answer

Gastrointestinal ulceration

Answer

Hepatic impairment

Answer

Pregnancy

Question 4

A common adverse effect associated with metformin therapy is:

Accepted Answer

Nausea

Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypotension

Question 5

The mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus involves:

Accepted Answer

Enhancing insulin sensitivity

Answer

Stimulating insulin secretion

Answer

Blocking glucagon secretion

Answer

Inhibiting glucose absorption

Question 6

The preferred route of administration for levothyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism is:

Accepted Answer

Oral

Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Topical

Question 7

Fatigue is a characteristic symptom of:

Accepted Answer

Adrenal insufficiency

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Grave's disease

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism of action of sulfonylureas in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.

Answer

Inhibit glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells.

Answer

Enhance peripheral insulin sensitivity in target tissues.

Answer

Block the degradation of endogenous insulin.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a commonly observed clinical manifestation of Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

Frequent urination

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Hyperpigmentation

Answer

Low blood pressure

Question 10

In the management of type 1 diabetes, what is the recommended route of insulin administration?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous injection

Answer

Oral ingestion

Answer

Intramuscular injection

Answer

Intravenous infusion

Question 11

Which of the following adverse effects is most commonly associated with the use of thiazolidinediones?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Increased risk of cardiovascular events

Answer

Liver damage

Question 12

What is the primary therapeutic goal in the management of Graves' disease?

Accepted Answer

Restoring a euthyroid state

Answer

Preventing thyroid storm

Answer

Eliminating thyroid-stimulating antibodies

Answer

Complete surgical removal of the thyroid gland

Question 13

Which medication is the mainstay of therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Long-acting insulin analogues (e.g., Lantus)

Answer

Glimepiride

Answer

Sitagliptin

Question 14

What is the primary mechanism of action of octreotide?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits the secretion of growth hormone

Answer

Stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas

Answer

Blocks the action of glucagon on its receptors

Answer

Inhibits the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland

Question 15

The primary treatment for type 1 diabetes involves the use of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Pioglitazone

Question 16

Which hormone is the primary target of calcitonin's action in regulating calcium metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Aldosterone

Question 17

Cushing's syndrome is characterized by a constellation of physical manifestations. Which of the following is NOT a common feature?

Accepted Answer

Dry skin

Answer

Moon face

Answer

Hirsutism

Answer

Muscle weakness

Question 18

In managing type 2 diabetes, which class of medications should be avoided in patients with a history of heart failure, renal impairment, or hepatic impairment?

Accepted Answer

Thiazolidinediones

Answer

Biguanides

Answer

Sulfonylureas

Answer

Meglitinides

Question 19

Warfarin's anticoagulant effect can be significantly altered when co-administered with amiodarone. Which of the following interactions is likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of bleeding

Answer

Decreased risk of bleeding

Answer

Increased risk of arrhythmias

Answer

Decreased risk of arrhythmias

Question 20

Which of the following is the primary medication used as first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Sulfonylureas

Answer

Thiazolidinediones

Question 21

In hypothyroidism, which hormone is primarily deficient?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Adrenal hormone

Question 22

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Increased metabolic rate

Answer

Lethargy

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Bradycardia

Question 23

What is the recommended target for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

HbA1c <7%

Answer

Random glucose <180 mg/dL

Answer

Postprandial glucose <140 mg/dL

Answer

Fasting glucose <100 mg/dL

Question 24

Which hormone is primarily secreted by the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin