Master Human Physiology: Online Quizzes and Learning Resources

Question 1

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of gastric acid in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Question 2

Where in the digestive system does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Question 3

The primary function of the respiratory system is to:

Accepted Answer

Facilitate gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood

Answer

Process nutrients

Answer

Control body temperature

Answer

Remove waste products

Question 4

The process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment is known as:

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Excretion

Answer

Circulation

Question 5

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for which of the following responses?

Accepted Answer

Fight or flight

Answer

Rest and digest

Answer

Sleep cycle regulation

Answer

Digestion

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a component of the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Lymph nodes

Answer

Blood vessels

Answer

Heart

Answer

Plasma

Question 7

The primary neurotransmitter released by cholinergic neurons is:

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Noradrenaline

Question 8

Which of the following is the principal function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Transporting blood throughout the body

Answer

Facilitating gas exchange

Answer

Distributing hormones

Answer

Absorbing nutrients

Question 9

Which structure within the respiratory system is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases between the blood and the external environment?

Accepted Answer

Lungs

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Pleura

Answer

Trachea

Question 10

Which digestive enzyme is primarily responsible for breaking down carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Pepsin

Question 11

Which blood cells are specifically responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells

Answer

White blood cells

Answer

Platelets

Answer

Lymphocytes

Question 12

Which pulmonary function test measures the volume of air exhaled forcefully in the first second?

Accepted Answer

Spirometry

Answer

Plethysmography

Answer

Oximetry

Answer

FeNO

Question 13

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating appetite and energy balance?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 14

Which type of neuron transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Effector

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Filtration of blood

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Regulation of blood pH

Answer

Production of sound

Question 16

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

Pulmonary vein

Answer

Vena cava

Question 17

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary movements, such as digestion and heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a component of plasma?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells

Answer

Water

Answer

Electrolytes

Answer

Hormones

Question 19

Which organ is responsible for the synthesis of bile?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Stomach

Question 20

Which neurotransmitter is involved in reward and motivation?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Question 21

Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling heart rate and blood pressure, among other vital functions?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Thalamus

Answer

Hippocampus

Question 22

What is the process by which gases are exchanged between the alveoli and the blood?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Filtration

Question 23

Which of the following enzymes is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Lactase

Question 24

What is the primary neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting signals across the synaptic cleft in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 25

Which of the following hormones is released in response to low blood glucose levels, stimulating the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Question 26

What is the name of the specialized cells that produce and secrete hormones into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine cells

Answer

Exocrine cells

Answer

Neurons

Answer

Adipocytes

Question 27

Which of the following is a key concept in maintaining homeostasis in the body?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Answer

Positive feedback

Answer

Random chance

Answer

External environmental factors

Question 28

What is the structural and functional unit of the liver, the organ responsible for various metabolic processes?

Accepted Answer

Hepatocyte

Answer

Nephron

Answer

Myocyte

Answer

Neuron

Question 29

What is the primary mechanism driving the exchange of gases in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Partial pressure gradients of respiratory gases

Answer

Active transport of respiratory gases

Answer

Ciliary action in the alveoli

Answer

Muscle contractions during breathing

Question 30

Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Hormone production

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Regulation of body pH

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 32

The electrical impulses that initiate the heartbeat originate in the:

Accepted Answer

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Answer

Bundle of His

Answer

Purkinje fibers

Question 33

The neurotransmitter involved in stimulation of skeletal muscle contraction is:

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 34

Which of the following factors does NOT directly influence cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Peripheral vascular resistance

Question 35

The respiratory quotient (RQ) is a measure of:

Accepted Answer

The ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed

Answer

The ratio of oxygen consumed to carbon dioxide produced

Answer

The rate of ventilation

Answer

The partial pressure of oxygen in the blood

Question 36

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for preparing the body for:

Accepted Answer

Emergency responses

Answer

Relaxation and rest

Answer

Digestion and metabolism

Answer

Control of heart rate and breathing

Question 37

The hormone that plays a key role in regulating blood glucose levels is:

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 38

The pacemaker cells of the heart are primarily located in the:

Accepted Answer

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Answer

Bundle of His

Answer

Purkinje fibers

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular regulation

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Acid-base balance regulation

Answer

Thermoregulation

Question 40

The primary site for gas exchange between the blood and air in the lungs is the:

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Bronchioles

Answer

Pleura

Question 41

The main function of the large intestine in the digestive system is:

Accepted Answer

To absorb water and electrolytes

Answer

To digest and absorb nutrients

Answer

To produce digestive enzymes

Answer

To store digested food

Question 42

Which of the following substances is NOT a neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 43

The part of the nervous system that controls voluntary muscle movement is the:

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer

Enteric nervous system

Question 44

Which hormone is primarily involved in regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Thyroid hormone