Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Updated: Which specific adaptation of the cardiovascular system is commonly observed as a result of chronic endurance exercise training?

Accepted Answer

Reduced resting heart rate

Answer

Increased heart size

Answer

Decreased arterial compliance

Answer

Increased ventricular contractility

Question 2

Updated: Which of the following factors does not contribute to an increased heart rate during physical exercise?

Accepted Answer

Reduced peripheral resistance

Answer

Increased sympathetic tone

Answer

Decreased vagal tone

Answer

Increased blood volume

Question 3

What is the primary purpose of the pulmonary circulation?

Accepted Answer

To return deoxygenated blood to the heart for reoxygenation

Answer

To deliver oxygenated blood to the body

Answer

To remove carbon dioxide from the blood

Answer

To filter waste products from the blood

Question 4

Which of the following is the best measure of cardiovascular fitness?

Accepted Answer

VO2 max (maximal oxygen uptake)

Answer

Heart rate reserve

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Resting heart rate

Question 5

What is the primary mechanism by which the respiratory system responds to increased exercise intensity?

Accepted Answer

Increased minute ventilation (product of tidal volume and respiratory rate)

Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Increased respiratory rate

Answer

Increased oxygen uptake

Question 6

Which of the following does **not** influence cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Total peripheral resistance

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Venous return

Question 7

What is the main function of the sinoatrial (SA) node?

Accepted Answer

To generate the electrical impulse that initiates the heartbeat

Answer

To conduct the electrical impulse from the SA node to the atrioventricular (AV) node

Answer

To regulate the heart rate

Answer

To control the contraction of the heart muscle

Question 8

According to current physical activity guidelines, how much moderate-intensity aerobic activity should adults get per week?

Accepted Answer

300 minutes

Answer

150 minutes

Answer

450 minutes

Answer

600 minutes

Question 9

What is the term for the amount of blood ejected from the heart with each beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Ejection fraction

Question 10

What is the term for the exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Ventilation

Answer

Perfusion

Answer

Respiration

Question 11

How does exercise affect the ventilatory threshold?

Accepted Answer

It depends on the intensity and duration of exercise

Answer

It increases the ventilatory threshold

Answer

It decreases the ventilatory threshold

Answer

It has no effect on the ventilatory threshold

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Producing white blood cells

Answer

Transporting oxygen and nutrients to tissues

Answer

Removing waste products from tissues

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Question 13

During exercise, what is the primary mechanism by which the heart increases its output?

Accepted Answer

Both increased heart rate and stroke volume

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Neither increased heart rate nor stroke volume

Question 14

Which of the following is a type of blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart?

Accepted Answer

Vein

Answer

Artery

Answer

Capillary

Answer

Lymphatic vessel

Question 15

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To produce hormones

Answer

To filter blood

Question 16

What is the process by which carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Filtration

Answer

Active transport

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

To regulate body temperature via shivering

Answer

To remove waste products from tissues

Answer

To transport oxygen and nutrients to tissues

Answer

To regulate blood pressure

Question 18

Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for initiating inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Intercostal muscles

Answer

Pectoralis major

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Question 19

What is the primary neurotransmitter released by the vagus nerve that reduces heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Noradrenaline

Question 20

Which of the following factors directly increases the stroke volume of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Increased venous return

Answer

Decreased blood viscosity

Answer

Increased peripheral resistance

Answer

Increased heart rate

Question 21

What is the term for the maximum volume of blood that the ventricles can hold at the end of diastole?

Accepted Answer

End-diastolic volume

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

End-systolic volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Question 22

Which hormone plays a primary role in regulating blood volume and, consequently, blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Question 23

What is the term for the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

End-diastolic volume

Answer

Ejection fraction

Answer

Stroke volume