Poverty and Inequality: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions

Question 1

How does absolute poverty differ from relative poverty?

Accepted Answer

Absolute poverty refers to the minimum income needed to survive, while relative poverty refers to an income below the average in society.

Answer

Relative poverty refers to the minimum income needed to survive, while absolute poverty refers to an income below the average in society.

Answer

Absolute poverty refers to an income below the average in society, while relative poverty refers to the minimum income needed to survive.

Answer

There is no difference between absolute and relative poverty.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a key indicator of social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

High levels of social participation

Answer

Low levels of educational attainment

Answer

Poor health and well-being

Answer

Limited access to social networks

Question 3

Which of the following is a critical distinction between absolute and relative poverty?

Accepted Answer

Absolute poverty is measured against a fixed standard, while relative poverty is measured in comparison to others in the same society.

Answer

Relative poverty is more common in developing countries, while absolute poverty is more common in developed countries.

Answer

Absolute poverty is a more severe form of poverty than relative poverty.

Answer

There is no meaningful difference between absolute poverty and relative poverty.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a commonly cited factor contributing to poverty in the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

High levels of financial literacy

Answer

Lack of access to employment opportunities

Answer

Inadequate housing and living conditions

Answer

Discrimination based on ethnicity

Question 5

Social exclusion can be best defined as:

Accepted Answer

The process by which individuals or groups are prevented from fully participating in society

Answer

A lack of material resources, such as income and housing

Answer

The experience of poverty and discrimination

Answer

The deliberate withdrawal of individuals from social interactions

Question 6

The concept of 'intersectionality' in the context of poverty and social exclusion refers to:

Accepted Answer

The overlapping and interconnected nature of different forms of inequality and discrimination

Answer

The unique experiences of poverty faced by specific marginalized groups

Answer

The role of social institutions in perpetuating poverty and social exclusion

Answer

The importance of community-based approaches to addressing poverty

Question 7

According to the relative deprivation approach, which of the following is **not** a key indicator of poverty?

Accepted Answer

High levels of wealth

Answer

Low income

Answer

Lack of access to basic necessities

Answer

Social isolation

Question 8

Which of the following is **not** a key characteristic of social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

High levels of social capital

Answer

Marginalization from society

Answer

Lack of social participation

Answer

Powerlessness

Question 9

Which of the following is **not** a potential consequence of poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

High levels of well-being

Answer

Poor health

Answer

Mental health problems

Answer

Crime

Question 10

Which of the following is **not** a key principle of social inclusion?

Accepted Answer

Encouraging social isolation

Answer

Promoting equal opportunities

Answer

Tackling discrimination

Answer

Supporting social participation

Question 11

Which of the following is **not** an example of a successful anti-poverty intervention?

Accepted Answer

Cuts to welfare benefits

Answer

Minimum wage legislation

Answer

Universal basic income

Answer

Investment in affordable housing

Question 12

Which of the following is **not** a key role of social workers in addressing poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Blaming individuals for their poverty

Answer

Providing support to individuals and families

Answer

Advocating for social change

Answer

Educating the public about the causes and consequences of poverty

Question 13

Which of the following is **not** a key ethical consideration in addressing poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Paternalism

Answer

Respect for human rights

Answer

Social justice

Answer

Equity and inclusion

Question 14

What is the 'cycle of deprivation' concept?

Accepted Answer

A self-reinforcing process where poverty leads to disadvantages that make it harder to escape poverty

Answer

A theoretical model that explains how poverty is caused by individual laziness

Answer

A government program designed to help people break out of poverty

Answer

A term used to describe the experience of living in poverty for extended periods

Question 15

Which theoretical perspective on poverty suggests that it is caused by structural factors, such as lack of access to education and employment opportunities?

Accepted Answer

Structuralist

Answer

Culturalist

Answer

Psychological

Answer

Marxist

Question 16

Which policy approach aims to address the underlying causes of poverty and social exclusion, such as inequality and discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Social investment

Answer

Welfare provision

Answer

Anti-discrimination measures

Answer

Taxation

Question 17

The intergenerational transmission of poverty refers to the phenomenon where:

Accepted Answer

Poverty is passed down from parents to children

Answer

Poverty is more common among certain ethnic groups

Answer

Poverty is concentrated in certain geographical areas

Answer

Poverty is solely caused by individual choices

Question 18

The concept of 'social capital' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The networks, relationships, and resources that individuals have access to

Answer

The amount of money that individuals have

Answer

The physical assets that individuals own

Answer

The level of education that individuals have

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of the working poor?

Accepted Answer

Employed but earning below the poverty line

Answer

Unemployed and reliant on welfare benefits

Answer

Living in social housing and receiving state support

Answer

Retired and living on a fixed income

Question 20

Which of the following is a common characteristic of poverty-stricken communities?

Accepted Answer

Low levels of social cohesion

Answer

Adequate access to healthcare

Answer

High rates of homeownership

Answer

High levels of civic engagement

Question 21

The concept of 'structural poverty' refers to poverty that is caused by:

Accepted Answer

Systemic factors beyond individual control

Answer

Personal choices and behaviors

Answer

Temporary setbacks that can be overcome with effort

Question 22

Which theoretical perspective views poverty as a result of societal inequalities and oppression?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Culture of Poverty Theory

Answer

Feminist Theory

Answer

Structural Functionalist Theory

Question 23

Social exclusion involves:

Accepted Answer

Denial of opportunities and resources to certain groups within society based on their social or economic status

Answer

Absolute deprivation of basic necessities

Answer

Temporary inability to meet financial obligations

Question 24

Which of the following is a common consequence of poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Decreased access to quality education and healthcare

Answer

Enhanced economic well-being

Answer

Improved social mobility

Answer

Greater civic participation

Question 25

The concept of 'relative poverty' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Poverty defined in relation to the average living standards in a particular society

Answer

Poverty defined by an absolute income threshold

Answer

Poverty caused by natural disasters or economic crises

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a potential policy response to poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Increasing income inequality

Answer

Addressing systemic discrimination and inequality

Answer

Investing in job training and education programs

Answer

Expanding access to affordable housing and healthcare

Question 27

The concept of 'feminization of poverty' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The disproportionate impact of poverty on women and girls due to gender-based discrimination and inequality

Answer

The increase in poverty rates among single mothers

Answer

The gender wage gap

Question 28

According to the 'World Bank', extreme poverty is defined as living on less than:

Accepted Answer

$1.90 per day

Answer

$10 per day

Answer

$2 per day

Answer

$5 per day