Master Quantitative Research Methods in Social Work: Quizzes and Practice

Question 1

What is the key difference between parametric and non-parametric statistical tests?

Accepted Answer

Parametric tests assume a normal distribution of data, while non-parametric tests do not.

Answer

Non-parametric tests are more resistant to outliers than parametric tests.

Answer

Qualitative data analysis uses non-parametric tests.

Answer

Non-parametric tests do not have sample size requirements.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental component of quantitative research design?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative analysis

Answer

Hypothesis testing

Answer

Data collection

Answer

Sampling

Question 3

In survey research, which sampling technique ensures a representative sample?

Accepted Answer

Random sampling

Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Answer

Snowball sampling

Question 4

When comparing the means of two independent groups, which statistical test is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

T-test

Answer

ANOVA

Answer

Chi-square test

Answer

Regression analysis

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of formulating a research hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

To provide a testable explanation for an observed phenomenon

Answer

To summarize the key variables under investigation

Answer

To collect data on specific population characteristics

Answer

To draw conclusions based on research findings

Question 6

In quantitative research involving vulnerable populations, which ethical considerations are paramount?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent, safeguarding confidentiality, and mitigating potential risks.

Answer

Using only anonymous data and ensuring the research's benefits outweigh its risks.

Answer

Institutional review board approval is unnecessary for quantitative research with vulnerable populations.

Answer

Deception may be justified in quantitative research with vulnerable populations to obtain valuable data.

Question 7

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of quantitative research methods?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizes numerical data and statistical analysis

Answer

Focuses on qualitative data collection and interpretation

Answer

Relies on small sample sizes and detailed case studies

Answer

Prioritizes subjective experiences and individual perspectives

Question 8

What is the primary objective of hypothesis testing in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

To confirm or reject hypotheses using empirical evidence

Answer

To generate new theories and research questions

Answer

To gather descriptive data and provide an in-depth account of the study population

Answer

To explore and comprehend the intricate experiences of individuals

Question 9

Which sampling method is most likely to produce representative results in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

Probability sampling

Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Snowball sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Question 10

Which statistical test is most suitable for comparing means between two independent groups?

Accepted Answer

Independent samples t-test

Answer

Paired samples t-test

Answer

ANOVA

Answer

Chi-square test

Question 11

How does qualitative research complement quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

Provides additional insights and enhances understanding

Answer

Confirms or refutes the findings of quantitative research

Answer

Replaces quantitative research in specific contexts

Answer

Has no relevance to quantitative research

Question 12

Which characteristic defines quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

Reliance on numerical data and statistical analysis

Answer

Emphasis on qualitative descriptions and interpretations

Answer

Use of inductive reasoning and subjective observations

Answer

Focus on understanding individual experiences and perspectives

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a type of variable encountered in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal variable (non-numeric)

Answer

Independent variable (predictor)

Answer

Dependent variable (outcome)

Answer

Moderator variable (influencing factor)

Question 14

What is the essential difference between a hypothesis and a research question?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a testable prediction, while a research question is an exploratory inquiry.

Answer

A research question is more specific and focused than a hypothesis.

Answer

A hypothesis is always supported by empirical evidence, while a research question may not be.

Answer

There is no meaningful difference between a hypothesis and a research question.

Question 15

Which statistical test is commonly used to compare means between two independent groups in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

T-test

Answer

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)

Answer

Chi-square test

Answer

Correlation analysis

Question 16

What is the fundamental distinction between descriptive and inferential statistics in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize and describe data, while inferential statistics draw conclusions about the population.

Answer

Inferential statistics are more complex and require advanced mathematical techniques.

Answer

Descriptive statistics are used to test hypotheses, while inferential statistics are used to generate research questions.

Answer

There is no clear distinction between descriptive and inferential statistics.

Question 17

Which characteristic is NOT associated with quantitative research methods?

Accepted Answer

Subjectivity

Answer

Hypothesis testing

Answer

Generalizability

Answer

Objectivity

Question 18

What sampling method involves dividing the population into subgroups and then selecting participants from each subgroup based on shared characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Random sampling

Question 19

What is the purpose of formulating a hypothesis in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

To make a prediction about the outcome of a study

Answer

To describe the research question

Answer

To gather data

Question 20

Which statistical test is used to compare means between two independent groups?

Accepted Answer

t-test

Answer

Chi-square

Answer

Regression analysis

Answer

ANOVA

Question 21

What is the primary goal of analyzing data in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

To identify patterns and relationships within the data

Answer

To provide a detailed description of the research setting

Answer

To generate new theories

Answer

To make subjective interpretations

Question 22

What is the ethical principle that emphasizes the need to protect participants from any harm or discomfort?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 23

Which software program is commonly used for quantitative data analysis?

Accepted Answer

SPSS

Answer

NVivo

Answer

Atlas.ti

Question 24

How is a dependent variable different from an independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is affected by changes in the independent variable.

Answer

The independent variable is affected by changes in the dependent variable.

Answer

Both variables have equal influence on each other.