Clinical Relevance of Neuroanatomy: Multiple Choice Quizzes for Medical Students

Question 1

Which of the following is **not** a common symptom of a stroke?

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body

Answer

Slurred speech or difficulty speaking

Answer

Confusion or disorientation

Question 2

Which cranial nerve is responsible for sensation in the face?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve

Answer

Oculomotor nerve

Answer

Facial nerve

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 3

Which region of the brain is responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Answer

Frontal lobe

Answer

Parietal lobe

Answer

Temporal lobe

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a neurodegenerative disease?

Accepted Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Epilepsy

Answer

Meningitis

Question 5

Which spinal reflex is responsible for the withdrawal of a limb from a painful stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Flexor withdrawal reflex

Answer

Biceps reflex

Answer

Triceps reflex

Answer

Patellar reflex

Question 6

Which neurotransmitter is involved in the regulation of mood and sleep?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Noradrenaline

Question 7

Which type of brain imaging technique is used to visualize the structure of the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

MRI scan

Answer

CT scan

Answer

PET scan

Answer

EEG

Question 8

Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste sensations from the posterior third of the tongue?

Accepted Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer

Facial nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 9

A patient experiences sudden onset of hemiparesis and aphasia. Which artery is likely occluded?

Accepted Answer

Middle cerebral artery

Answer

Anterior cerebral artery

Answer

Posterior cerebral artery

Answer

Vertebral artery

Question 10

Damage to which structure causes contralateral loss of proprioception?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal column pathway

Answer

Ventral spinothalamic tract

Answer

Corticospinal tract

Answer

Rubrospinal tract

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter inhibits skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Glutamate

Question 12

In a patient with severe traumatic brain injury, decorticate posturing indicates damage to which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Diencephalon

Answer

Midbrain

Answer

Pons

Question 13

Which imaging technique provides the most detailed visualization of brain structures?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT)

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 14

In Alzheimer's disease, which protein accumulates abnormally in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Beta-amyloid

Answer

Alpha-synuclein

Answer

Tau

Answer

Prion

Question 15

Which surgical approach is commonly used to access the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Transnasal approach

Answer

Transcranial approach

Answer

Transoral approach

Answer

Transaxillary approach

Question 16

A patient presents with headache, nausea, and vomiting. Lumbar puncture reveals elevated intracranial pressure. Which diagnosis is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer

Meningitis

Answer

Encephalitis

Answer

Intracerebral hemorrhage

Question 17

The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is responsible for sensory innervation of which region?

Accepted Answer

Face and scalp

Answer

Neck and shoulders

Answer

Thorax and abdomen

Answer

Lower limb

Question 18

In the central nervous system, which neurotransmitter is primarily released at excitatory synapses?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Glycine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 19

Which of the following structures is a component of the extrapyramidal motor system?

Accepted Answer

Basal ganglia

Answer

Cerebral cortex

Answer

Thalamus

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 20

Which pathway is responsible for conveying conscious proprioceptive information to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway

Answer

Ventral spinothalamic tract

Answer

Lateral spinothalamic tract

Answer

Corticospinal tract

Question 21

In which lobe of the brain is the primary motor cortex located?

Accepted Answer

Frontal lobe

Answer

Parietal lobe

Answer

Temporal lobe

Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 22

A patient presents with a lesion in the posterior cerebral artery territory. Which of the following clinical features is most likely to be observed?

Accepted Answer

Homonymous hemianopia

Answer

Monocular blindness

Answer

Aphasia

Answer

Hemiparesis

Question 23

Which imaging technique is the primary choice for diagnosing a spinal cord injury?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)