Cell Metabolism: Interactive Quizzes for Medical Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a central pathway of cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 2

In a eukaryotic cell, which organelle is responsible for carrying out glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 3

In the electron transport chain, which molecule serves as the ultimate electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

NADH

Answer

FADH2

Answer

Cytochrome c

Question 4

What is the main purpose of the citric acid cycle in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Produce NADH and FADH2

Answer

Generate ATP

Answer

Break down glucose molecules

Answer

Synthesize carbohydrates

Question 5

What is the primary function of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Energy currency for cellular processes

Answer

Building block for RNA synthesis

Answer

Cofactor for enzymatic reactions

Answer

Electron carrier in redox reactions

Question 6

What is the fundamental difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic processes require oxygen, while anaerobic processes do not

Answer

Anaerobic metabolism produces more energy (ATP) than aerobic metabolism

Answer

Aerobic metabolism occurs in the cytoplasm, while anaerobic metabolism occurs in the mitochondria

Answer

Carbon dioxide is only produced during anaerobic metabolism

Question 7

Which enzyme plays a crucial role in the initial step of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Hexokinase

Answer

Pyruvate kinase

Answer

Citrate synthase

Answer

Succinate dehydrogenase

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a major pathway involved in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Fatty acid oxidation

Question 9

What is the primary role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Electron carriers for electron transport chain

Answer

Electron donors for glycolysis

Answer

Cofactors for enzymes in citric acid cycle

Answer

Substrates for ATP synthesis

Question 10

Which of the following enzymes catalyses the irreversible conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate?

Accepted Answer

Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase

Answer

Phosphoglucomutase

Answer

Hexokinase

Answer

Phosphofructokinase

Question 11

What is the main function of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Generate NADH and FADH2

Answer

Produce ATP

Answer

Synthesize glucose

Answer

Catabolize fatty acids

Question 12

What is the primary function of mitochondrial uncoupling proteins?

Accepted Answer

Generate heat

Answer

Produce ATP

Answer

Transport electrons

Answer

Regulate membrane potential

Question 13

Which molecule serves as the primary energy currency for cells?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)

Answer

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2)

Question 14

Identify the process responsible for converting glucose into pyruvate:

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 15

Which molecule is NOT produced during the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer

NADH

Answer

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

Question 16

In which organelle is the electron transport chain located?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 17

What is the process by which cells break down fatty acids to generate energy known as?

Accepted Answer

Lipolysis

Answer

Proteolysis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 18

NADPH is essential for cellular metabolism. What is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Providing reducing equivalents for anabolic reactions

Answer

Generating ATP

Answer

Regulating gene expression

Answer

Transporting electrons in the electron transport chain

Question 19

What is the primary energy carrier molecule used by cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Answer

ADP (adenosine diphosphate)

Answer

FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide, reduced form)

Answer

NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form)

Question 20

Which metabolic pathway breaks down glucose into pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 21

Which enzyme is responsible for converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Answer

Hexokinase

Answer

Lactate dehydrogenase

Answer

Phosphofructokinase

Question 22

Where does the citric acid cycle take place within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrial matrix

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Question 23

What is the primary function of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Generate a small amount of ATP and NADH, and produce pyruvate for further oxidation

Answer

Transfer electrons to the electron transport chain

Answer

Synthesize fatty acids

Answer

Produce pyruvate for the citric acid cycle

Question 24

Which of the following is a key regulator of cellular metabolism, particularly in response to low energy levels?

Accepted Answer

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Somatotropin (growth hormone)

Question 25

What term describes the breakdown of organic molecules to produce energy?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Anabolism

Question 26

What is the end product of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Lactate

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

ATP

Question 27

The process of converting glucose into glycogen for storage is called:

Accepted Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Glycogenolysis