Justice and Fairness in Healthcare: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

In distributive justice for healthcare, which principle prioritizes individuals based on their circumstances?

Accepted Answer

Healthcare should be provided to those who are most in need.

Answer

Healthcare should be provided to those who can afford it.

Answer

Healthcare should be provided equally to all.

Answer

Healthcare should be provided to those who make the greatest contribution to society.

Question 2

Revised: The 'utility' principle in healthcare ethics aims to:

Accepted Answer

Maximize overall societal benefit

Answer

Prioritize patients with the highest chance of successful treatment

Answer

Respect patient autonomy

Answer

Distribute resources equally

Question 3

Revised: Which potential consequence arises from a market-based system for healthcare resource allocation?

Accepted Answer

Reduced access to care for the disadvantaged

Answer

Increased healthcare efficiency and innovation

Answer

Enhanced quality of care for all patients

Answer

Elimination of healthcare disparities

Question 4

Revised: The 'social determinants of health' encompass:

Accepted Answer

Factors influencing health beyond medical care

Answer

Genetic and biological health influences

Answer

Environmental health factors

Answer

Lifestyle choices affecting health

Question 5

Revised: The 'veil of ignorance' thought experiment intends to:

Accepted Answer

Help decision-makers consider the perspectives of those impacted by their decisions

Answer

Detect biases in healthcare resource allocation policies

Answer

Foster empathy among healthcare professionals

Answer

Guarantee all stakeholders participate in healthcare decisions

Question 6

Revised: The 'proportionality' principle in healthcare ethics emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

Weighing benefits and burdens of healthcare interventions

Answer

Fair distribution of healthcare resources

Answer

Respecting patient autonomy

Answer

Prioritizing vulnerable populations

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a key tenet of John Rawls' theory of justice as fairness?

Accepted Answer

Greatest happiness principle

Answer

Equality of opportunity

Answer

Difference principle

Answer

Veil of ignorance

Question 8

The ethical principle of non-maleficence requires healthcare professionals to:

Accepted Answer

Refrain from causing harm to patients

Answer

Act in the patient's best interests

Answer

Obtain informed consent for all procedures

Answer

Maintain patient confidentiality

Question 9

The principle of autonomy in healthcare emphasizes the significance of:

Accepted Answer

Respecting the patient's right to make decisions about their own care

Answer

Ensuring the patient receives the most efficacious treatment

Answer

Protecting the patient from potential harm

Answer

Promoting the patient's overall well-being

Question 10

The Nuremberg Code, formulated after World War II, established:

Accepted Answer

Ethical principles for human experimentation

Answer

Guidelines for informed consent in medical research

Answer

Principles for rationing healthcare resources

Answer

Regulations for organ transplantation procedures

Question 11

Which ethical theory prioritizes maximizing happiness and well-being for the majority?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 12

What is a potential consequence of prioritizing medical need alone in resource allocation?

Accepted Answer

Unequal access to care for marginalized groups

Answer

Reduced efficiency in resource use

Answer

Enhanced public trust in healthcare systems

Answer

Lowered healthcare costs

Question 13

Which element is excluded from Beauchamp and Childress's principles of justice in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Paternalism

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Equity

Question 14

Which of the following is a defining principle of justice as it relates to healthcare resource allocation?

Accepted Answer

Fair and equitable distribution based on need

Answer

Equal access to healthcare regardless of circumstance

Answer

Distributing resources based on a patient's ability to pay

Answer

Prioritizing the loudest or most persistent patients

Question 15

Which ethical theory places primary emphasis on maximizing overall happiness or well-being?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Aristotelianism

Answer

Existentialism

Question 16

What is the central concern of 'distributive justice'?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring a fair and equitable distribution of healthcare resources within a society.

Answer

The rights and responsibilities of healthcare professionals.

Answer

Ethical decision-making in individual patient cases.

Answer

Access to healthcare for underserved and marginalized populations.

Question 17

Which of the following factors can influence the perceived fairness of healthcare resource allocation decisions?

Accepted Answer

Patient needs, available resources, and societal values

Answer

Physician preferences

Answer

Patient age and socioeconomic status

Answer

Hospital location

Question 18

What is a key challenge in promoting justice in healthcare for marginalized communities?

Accepted Answer

Overcoming barriers to access and addressing systemic inequalities

Answer

Educating healthcare professionals about diversity

Answer

Providing culturally insensitive care

Question 19

What is a potential ethical concern associated with healthcare rationing?

Accepted Answer

Denying access to essential healthcare services for some patients

Answer

Promoting patient autonomy

Answer

Improving the quality of care for all patients

Answer

Reducing overall healthcare costs

Question 20

What is the role of empathy in promoting fairness in healthcare delivery?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing understanding of patients' experiences and perspectives

Answer

Eliminating biases in clinical decision-making

Answer

Ensuring compliance with ethical guidelines

Question 21

Which of the following is a potential barrier to achieving justice in healthcare systems?

Accepted Answer

Limited resources, competing interests, and social inequalities

Answer

Lack of healthcare professionals

Answer

Advances in medical technology

Question 22

What is a key reason for public engagement in healthcare policy-making?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that healthcare systems are responsive to societal values and needs

Answer

Promoting professional autonomy

Answer

Reducing the cost of healthcare

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a specific policy measure that can promote justice in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Universal healthcare coverage

Answer

Tax breaks for private health insurance companies

Answer

Mandatory immunization programs

Answer

Privatization of healthcare services