Research Ethics in Healthcare: Informed Consent, Data Protection, and Human Subjects

Question 1

Which of the following are key principles of research ethics?

Accepted Answer

Respect for autonomy

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Accepted Answer

Justice

Answer

Efficiency

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental ethical principle in healthcare research?

Accepted Answer

Convenience of researchers

Answer

Respect for participant autonomy

Answer

Maximizing benefits and minimizing harms (beneficence)

Answer

Ensuring fair distribution of benefits and burdens (justice)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental ethical principle in research involving human subjects?

Accepted Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Respect for autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 4

In healthcare research involving vulnerable adults with cognitive impairments, the primary ethical concern is:

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent

Answer

Ensuring participants' autonomy

Answer

Maximizing potential benefits

Answer

Ensuring fair distribution of benefits and risks

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for informed consent to be considered valid?

Accepted Answer

The participant must be coerced or pressured into agreeing to participate.

Answer

The participant must have the capacity to comprehend the information provided.

Answer

The participant must be given adequate time to consider the information.

Answer

The participant must sign a consent form.

Question 6

In healthcare research, which action constitutes research misconduct?

Accepted Answer

Failing to disclose a conflict of interest

Answer

Making an unintentional error in data analysis

Answer

Using statistical methods that differ from accepted norms

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a primary ethical concern when using AI and genetic testing in healthcare research?

Accepted Answer

Potential for commercialization

Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Data privacy and security

Answer

Transparency in research methods

Question 8

Which data protection legislation aims to preserve personal data by outlining criteria for its collection, usage, and storage?

Accepted Answer

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

Answer

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Answer

Research Ethics Committee (REC)

Question 9

What is an Institutional Review Board's (IRB) function in research involving human subjects?

Accepted Answer

To review and approve research proposals to guarantee ethical conduct

Answer

To carry out the research investigation

Answer

To get informed consent from participants

Question 10

In research, which moral principle emphasizes the fair distribution of advantages and disadvantages?

Accepted Answer

Justice

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Question 11

What is the goal of de-identification in research?

Accepted Answer

To protect participant confidentiality, personal identifiers are removed from data

Answer

To completely anonymize the information

Answer

To make the data more easily accessible

Question 12

Which of the following variables is NOT considered when determining the ethical acceptability of research involving human subjects?

Accepted Answer

The availability of research funding

Answer

The ethical principles and guidelines

Answer

The scientific merit of the research

Question 13

Which of the following is a possible ethical concern linked with the application of technology in research?

Accepted Answer

Invasion of privacy

Answer

Reduced research costs

Answer

Enhanced participant engagement

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a foundational ethical principle in healthcare research?

Accepted Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Justice

Answer

Respect for autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Question 15

What ethical concern arises when participants in a research study are uninformed about the risks and benefits involved in their participation?

Accepted Answer

Lack of informed consent

Answer

Exploitation

Answer

Conflict of interest

Answer

Breach of confidentiality

Question 16

What is the primary purpose of a research ethics committee (REC)?

Accepted Answer

To review and approve research proposals for ethical compliance.

Answer

To enforce research regulations

Answer

To conduct research studies

Question 17

Which type of research study typically requires the most extensive ethical review?

Accepted Answer

Research involving vulnerable populations

Answer

Retrospective studies

Answer

Qualitative studies

Answer

Observational studies

Question 18

What is the primary goal of data protection in research?

Accepted Answer

To ensure the confidentiality and privacy of research participants.

Answer

To prevent misuse of research findings

Answer

To promote data sharing between researchers

Question 19

Which of the following is a potential ethical dilemma when using human subjects in research?

Accepted Answer

Balancing the potential benefits against the potential risks

Answer

Publishing the research findings

Answer

Obtaining funding for the research project

Question 20

What is the significance of ethical guidelines in research?

Accepted Answer

To provide guidance on ethical conduct and protect the rights of research participants.

Answer

To ensure the validity and reliability of research findings

Answer

To prevent researchers from making mistakes

Question 21

Which of the following is a responsibility of researchers in ensuring ethical research practices?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the confidentiality of research data

Answer

Recruiting as many participants as possible

Answer

Prioritizing personal interests over ethical considerations

Answer

Publishing findings regardless of their implications

Question 22

What could be a potential consequence of violating ethical principles in research?

Accepted Answer

Loss of research funding, retraction of publications, and damage to professional reputation.

Answer

Promotion to a higher academic rank

Answer

Increased citations and recognition

Question 23

Which of the following is a key ethical consideration when conducting research in developing countries?

Accepted Answer

Respecting cultural and socioeconomic differences

Answer

Prioritizing the needs of the researcher

Answer

Using the latest research technology

Answer

Ignoring local ethical guidelines