Digestive System Structure and Function: Interactive Quizzes for MBBS Students

Question 1

The primary function of the villi in the small intestine is to:

Accepted Answer

Maximize the surface area for nutrient absorption.

Answer

Provide structural support to the small intestine.

Answer

Secrete digestive enzymes.

Answer

Store undigested food.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of bile

Answer

Digestion of proteins

Question 3

Which of the following hormones stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Gastrin

Question 4

The primary function of the large intestine is:

Accepted Answer

Water absorption and waste formation

Answer

Digestion of fiber

Question 5

Which of the following cell types in the stomach secretes hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

Parietal cells

Answer

Chief cells

Question 6

The muscular layer of the digestive tract is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Tunica muscularis

Answer

Tunica adventitia

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of colonocytes?

Accepted Answer

Goblet cells

Answer

Paneth cells

Question 8

The pancreas secretes enzymes that are essential for:

Accepted Answer

Digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

Answer

Neutralization of stomach acid

Question 9

Which of the following layers forms the outermost lining of the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Adventitia

Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Submucosa

Answer

Muscularis propria

Question 10

Which layer of the stomach is primarily responsible for its peristaltic contractions?

Accepted Answer

Muscularis externa

Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Submucosa

Answer

Serosa

Question 11

The primary function of the small intestine is to:

Accepted Answer

Digest and absorb nutrients

Answer

Absorb water

Answer

Regulate electrolyte balance

Answer

Store undigested food

Question 12

The lining of the large intestine is characterized by the presence of:

Accepted Answer

Crypts of Lieberkühn

Answer

Villi

Answer

Plicae circulares

Answer

Gastric pits

Question 13

Which hormone is the primary stimulant for gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Motilin

Question 14

The rhythmic contractions that propel food through the esophagus are called:

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Mass movements

Answer

Propulstion

Question 15

Which enzyme initiates protein digestion in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Chymotrypsin

Answer

Lipase

Question 16

The cells in the small intestine that are primarily responsible for nutrient absorption are called:

Accepted Answer

Enterocytes

Answer

Goblet cells

Answer

Paneth cells

Answer

M cells

Question 17

The appendix is a small, vestigial structure that is derived from which embryonic structure?

Accepted Answer

Cecum

Answer

Meckel's diverticulum

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Small intestine

Question 18

What is the main purpose of saliva in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Lubricating food for easy swallowing

Answer

Breaking down proteins into amino acids

Answer

Neutralizing stomach acid

Answer

Fighting bacteria in the mouth

Question 19

Which layer of the stomach contains gastric glands responsible for secreting digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Serosa

Answer

Muscularis propria

Answer

Submucosa

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Synthesis of proteins

Answer

Detoxification

Question 21

Which region of the small intestine is primarily involved in the absorption of nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Jejunum

Answer

Duodenum

Answer

Ileum

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Presence of villi

Answer

Absorption of water

Answer

Storage of feces

Question 23

What is the main function of the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Transport food to the stomach

Answer

Secrete digestive enzymes

Answer

Absorb nutrients

Question 24

Which of the following hormones stimulates gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 25

What is the function of the ileocecal valve?

Accepted Answer

Prevents backflow of contents from the large intestine into the small intestine

Answer

Controls the flow of food from the stomach to the duodenum

Answer

Prevents regurgitation of food from the stomach

Question 26

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for breaking down fats in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Answer

Sucrase

Answer

Pepsin

Question 27

Which organ secretes insulin and glucagon?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Liver

Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Stomach