Immunosuppressive Drugs Pharmacology: Online Quizzes and Study Guide

Question 1

What is the primary mechanism of action of calcineurin inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting calcineurin, a phosphatase essential for T-cell activation

Answer

Inhibiting T-cell proliferation

Answer

Inhibiting cytokine production

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an immunosuppressive drug?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Corticosteroids

Answer

Calcineurin inhibitors

Answer

Antimetabolites

Question 3

Tacrolimus and cyclosporine belong to which class of immunosuppressive drugs?

Accepted Answer

Calcineurin inhibitors

Answer

Antimetabolites

Answer

Alkylating agents

Answer

Interferons

Question 4

Which of the following is an adverse effect of mycophenolate mofetil?

Accepted Answer

Gastrointestinal disturbances

Answer

Nephrotoxicity

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Answer

Anaphylaxis

Question 5

The primary immunosuppressive mechanism of cyclosporine is through:

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of T-cell activation

Answer

Stimulation of B-cell proliferation

Answer

Enhancement of natural killer cell activity

Answer

Induction of suppressor macrophages

Question 6

The most common adverse effect associated with calcineurin inhibitors is:

Accepted Answer

Nephrotoxicity

Answer

Neurotoxicity

Answer

Gastrointestinal disturbances

Answer

Opportunistic infections

Question 7

Which of the following is **not** a mechanism of action of corticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation

Answer

Inhibition of cytokine production

Answer

Reduction of vascular permeability

Answer

Stabilization of lysosomal membranes

Question 8

Which of the following immunosuppressive drugs acts by inhibiting the **calcineurin** pathway?

Accepted Answer

Ciclosporin

Answer

Prednisolone

Answer

Mycophenolate mofetil

Answer

Methotrexate

Question 9

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of **calcineurin inhibitors**?

Accepted Answer

Nephrotoxicity

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hirsutism

Answer

Cushingoid features

Question 10

Which of the following is a risk factor for opportunistic infections in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy?

Accepted Answer

Neutropenia

Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

Elevated serum creatinine

Answer

Oliguria

Question 11

Which of the following statements about immunosuppressive drugs is true?

Accepted Answer

They can lead to serious long-term consequences if not used carefully.

Answer

They are always used in combination with other immunosuppressive agents.

Answer

They are typically given for **short** periods to reduce adverse effects.

Answer

They are only used in the treatment of **autoimmune** diseases.

Question 12

What is the primary mechanism of action of **mycophenolate mofetil**?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of DNA synthesis

Answer

Blockade of T-cell receptors

Answer

Interference with cytokine signaling

Answer

Depletion of B lymphocytes

Question 13

Which mechanism of action is associated with calcineurin inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of T-cell activation

Answer

Induction of apoptosis in B-cells

Answer

Enhancement of antibody production

Answer

Stimulation of phagocytosis

Question 14

Prednisolone is administered to a patient to provide immunosuppressive therapy. Which class of drugs does it belong to?

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroid

Answer

Calcineurin inhibitor

Answer

Mycophenolic acid derivative

Answer

Antimetabolite

Question 15

What is a potential complication of immunosuppressive therapy?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to infections

Answer

Enhanced organ function

Answer

Reduced risk of cancer development

Answer

Increased bone mineral density

Question 16

Which medication is categorized as a calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant?

Accepted Answer

Tacrolimus

Answer

Methylprednisolone

Answer

Mycophenolate mofetil

Answer

Azathioprine

Question 17

What is considered the predominant mechanism by which corticosteroids exert their immunosuppressive effects?

Accepted Answer

Suppressing cytokine production

Answer

Hindering T-cell proliferation

Answer

Inducing apoptosis in lymphocytes

Answer

Enhancing macrophage phagocytosis

Question 18

In the context of solid organ transplantation, which immunosuppressant is commonly employed to prevent acute rejection?

Accepted Answer

Cyclosporine

Answer

Methotrexate

Answer

Leflunomide

Answer

Etanercept

Question 19

Which of the following statements accurately describes a characteristic of immunosuppressive medications?

Accepted Answer

They are generally tapered off gradually following transplantation.

Answer

They are always administered in combination to maximize immunosuppression.

Answer

They do not increase the risk of opportunistic infections.

Answer

They have no impact on B-cell function.

Question 20

The immunosuppressive effects of corticosteroids are mediated primarily through which type of receptor?

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoid receptors

Answer

Mineralocorticoid receptors

Answer

Estrogen receptors

Answer

Progesterone receptors

Question 21

What is the most significant adverse effect associated with calcineurin inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Nephrotoxicity

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Answer

Neurotoxicity

Answer

Hypertension

Question 22

What is the most frequent adverse effect associated with corticosteroid therapy?

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

Nephrotoxicity

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Answer

Neurotoxicity

Question 23

Which of these factors increases the risk of adverse effects from immunosuppressive drugs?

Accepted Answer

Older age

Answer

Male gender

Answer

Good nutritional status

Answer

Short duration of therapy

Question 24

What is a key monitoring parameter for tacrolimus therapy?

Accepted Answer

Trough blood level

Answer

Liver function tests

Answer

Creatinine level

Answer

White blood cell count

Question 25

Which drug interaction can increase the toxicity of calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus?

Accepted Answer

Azole antifungals

Answer

NSAIDs

Answer

Proton pump inhibitors

Answer

Statins

Question 26

What is a special consideration for immunosuppressive therapy during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Mycophenolate mofetil is teratogenic and should be avoided.

Answer

Prednisolone is contraindicated in pregnancy.

Answer

Tacrolimus is the preferred immunosuppressive drug during pregnancy.

Answer

Azathioprine is safe for use throughout pregnancy.