Bronchodilators Pharmacology: Online Quizzes and Learning Resources

Question 1

Which classification does NOT belong to bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

Mucolytics

Answer

Beta-agonists

Answer

Anticholinergics

Answer

Theophylline

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a classification of bronchodilators commonly used in clinical practice?

Accepted Answer

Leukotriene modifiers

Answer

Beta-agonists

Answer

Anticholinergics

Question 3

Which of the following is a common side effect of using beta-agonist bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Lowered blood pressure

Answer

Elevated blood sugar levels

Answer

Narrowing of the airways

Question 4

How do beta-agonists directly cause airway smooth muscle relaxation?

Accepted Answer

Activate beta-adrenergic receptors, raising cAMP levels

Answer

Block acetylcholinesterase

Answer

Boost nitric oxide synthase

Answer

Block voltage-gated calcium channels

Question 5

Which beta-agonist bronchodilator has a rapid onset of action and a short duration of effect?

Accepted Answer

Salbutamol

Answer

Salmeterol

Answer

Formoterol

Answer

Tiotropium

Question 6

What is the primary mechanism of action of anticholinergic bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

Blockade of muscarinic receptors

Answer

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

Answer

Activation of beta-adrenoceptors

Answer

Inhibition of histamine receptors

Question 7

Which of the following is a long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator?

Accepted Answer

Aclidinium bromide

Answer

Ipratropium bromide

Answer

Salmeterol

Answer

Terbutaline

Question 8

What is the primary advantage of the selective beta-2 agonist formoterol over non-selective beta-agonists?

Accepted Answer

Reduced risk of cardiovascular side effects

Answer

Improved bronchodilation

Answer

Faster onset of action

Answer

Longer duration of action

Question 9

What is the role of theophylline in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Long-term maintenance therapy

Answer

First-line therapy for acute exacerbations

Answer

Prevention of recurrent infections

Answer

Improvement of exercise tolerance

Question 10

What is the mechanism by which inhaled beta-agonists produce bronchodilation?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production

Answer

Inhibition of phospholipase A2

Answer

Blockade of calcium channels

Answer

Activation of guanylate cyclase

Question 11

What is the primary mechanism by which theophylline exerts its bronchodilatory effect on airway smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits phosphodiesterase, raising intracellular cAMP levels

Answer

Activates beta-adrenergic receptors, elevating cAMP levels

Answer

Blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, lowering cGMP levels

Answer

Blocks calcium influx into airway smooth muscle cells

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of action for bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

Reduction of airway resistance

Answer

Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors

Answer

Blockade of parasympathetic receptors

Answer

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

Question 13

Identify the type of bronchodilator commonly used for the rapid relief of acute bronchospasm?

Accepted Answer

Short-acting beta-agonists

Answer

Leukotriene inhibitors

Answer

Theophylline

Answer

Long-acting anticholinergics

Question 14

Which of the following is a known adverse effect of beta-agonists?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate (tachycardia)

Answer

Nasal congestion

Answer

Blurred vision

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 15

Which class of bronchodilators is primarily used to prevent chronic airflow limitation in conditions such as asthma and COPD?

Accepted Answer

Long-acting beta-agonists

Answer

Mast cell stabilizers

Answer

Theophylline

Answer

Short-acting anticholinergics

Question 16

Indicate the primary mechanism by which anticholinergics dilate airways:

Accepted Answer

Blocking muscarinic receptors in the airways

Answer

Increasing levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)

Answer

Inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators

Answer

Directly stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors

Question 17

Identify a contraindication to the use of theophylline:

Accepted Answer

Epilepsy

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Heart failure

Answer

COPD

Question 18

Which factors should be considered when selecting an appropriate bronchodilator for a patient?

Accepted Answer

Comorbidities, severity of airway obstruction, patient's age and preferences

Answer

Patient's height and weight only

Answer

Severity of airway obstruction only

Answer

Comorbidities and patient's age only

Question 19

Identify a potential drug interaction involving bronchodilators:

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of arrhythmias when used with beta-blockers

Answer

Increased sedation when used with benzodiazepines

Answer

Reduced effectiveness when used with antibiotics

Answer

Enhanced bronchodilation when used with corticosteroids

Question 20

Which of the following may indicate excessive bronchodilator use?

Accepted Answer

Tachycardia, tremor, and nervousness

Answer

Constipation, dry mouth, and blurred vision

Answer

Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

Answer

Drowsiness, confusion, and seizures

Question 21

When prescribing bronchodilators for children, it is important to consider:

Accepted Answer

Lower doses may be required due to reduced body weight and potential for increased susceptibility to adverse effects

Answer

They are contraindicated in children under the age of 6

Answer

They should always be used in combination with inhaled corticosteroids

Answer

Higher doses may be required to achieve similar bronchodilation as in adults

Question 22

Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism of action of beta-agonists?

Accepted Answer

Activation of adenylyl cyclase, resulting in increased intracellular cAMP levels

Answer

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase, preventing the breakdown of cAMP

Answer

Inhibition of muscarinic receptors, reducing acetylcholine-mediated bronchoconstriction

Answer

Activation of guanylate cyclase, resulting in increased intracellular cGMP levels

Question 23

Which of the following is a common adverse effect associated with the use of anticholinergic bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

Dry mouth due to reduced salivary gland secretions

Answer

Tremor due to increased sympathetic activity

Answer

Tachycardia due to increased heart rate

Answer

Bronchospasm due to paradoxical airway narrowing

Question 24

Which of the following conditions is an appropriate indication for the use of theophylline?

Accepted Answer

Nocturnal asthma, characterized by worsening symptoms at night

Answer

Hypertension, a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure

Answer

Acute severe asthma, requiring immediate and intensive medical intervention

Answer

Migraine, a type of severe headache

Question 25

Which of the following accurately describes the mechanism of action of theophylline?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP levels

Answer

Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors, mimicking the effects of epinephrine

Answer

Activation of adenylyl cyclase, resulting in increased intracellular cAMP levels

Answer

Blockade of muscarinic receptors, reducing acetylcholine-mediated bronchoconstriction