Endocrine Surgery Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge

Question 1

Which type of parathyroid adenoma is most prevalent?

Accepted Answer

Primary parathyroid adenoma

Answer

Secondary parathyroid adenoma

Answer

Tertiary parathyroid adenoma

Answer

Parathyroid carcinoma

Question 2

What is the primary objective of adrenalectomy in Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

To eliminate the source of excessive cortisol production

Answer

To restore blood glucose control

Answer

To reduce body mass index

Answer

To lower blood pressure

Question 3

Which of the following surgical techniques is NOT typically used in thyroid disease management?

Accepted Answer

Submandibular parotidectomy

Answer

Total thyroidectomy

Answer

Hemithyroidectomy

Answer

Thyroid lobectomy

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary indication for parathyroidectomy?

Accepted Answer

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Question 5

What is the preferred surgical treatment for medullary thyroid carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

Total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection

Answer

Hemithyroidectomy and ipsilateral central neck dissection

Answer

Subtotal thyroidectomy and ipsilateral parathyroidectomy

Answer

Lobectomy and isthmectomy

Question 6

Which of the following is a contraindication to laparoscopic adrenalectomy?

Accepted Answer

Large tumor size

Answer

Previous abdominal surgery

Answer

Severe cardiovascular disease

Answer

Patient preference

Question 7

Which type of adrenal gland tumor has the highest malignant potential?

Accepted Answer

Neuroblastoma

Answer

Pheochromocytoma

Answer

Ganglioneuroma

Answer

Adenoma

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an indication for surgical management of Graves' disease?

Accepted Answer

Subacute thyroiditis

Answer

Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism despite medical therapy

Answer

Thyrotoxicosis that is refractory to medical treatment

Answer

Thyroid storm

Question 9

What is the preferred surgical approach for parathyroid adenoma that cannot be localized preoperatively?

Accepted Answer

Open exploration with intraoperative localization

Answer

Mini-incision parathyroidectomy

Answer

Video-assisted parathyroidectomy

Answer

Transaxillary parathyroidectomy

Question 10

What is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Single parathyroid adenoma

Answer

Multiple parathyroid adenomas

Answer

Parathyroid hyperplasia

Answer

Parathyroid carcinoma

Question 11

What is the gold standard investigation for diagnosing pheochromocytoma?

Accepted Answer

MIBG scintigraphy

Answer

MRI scan

Answer

CT scan

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 12

What is the most common type of thyroid cancer?

Accepted Answer

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

Answer

Follicular thyroid carcinoma

Answer

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

Answer

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

Question 13

Which of the following is the most common etiology of hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Toxic multinodular goiter

Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Answer

Toxic adenoma

Question 14

Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy is the surgical approach of choice for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid adenomas

Answer

Ectopic parathyroid glands

Answer

Parathyroid hyperplasia

Question 15

The primary indication for surgical intervention in thyroid cancer is the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A thyroid nodule suspicious for malignancy

Answer

Symptoms of hypothyroidism

Answer

Large size of the thyroid nodule

Question 16

Which surgical technique for parathyroid disease involves preserving a portion of the affected gland?

Accepted Answer

Subtotal parathyroidectomy

Answer

Total parathyroidectomy

Answer

PTH-directed parathyroidectomy

Answer

Cryoablation of parathyroid gland

Question 17

For unilateral adrenal adenomas causing Cushing's syndrome, which surgical approach is preferred?

Accepted Answer

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Answer

Open adrenalectomy

Answer

Transperitoneal adrenalectomy

Answer

Medical management

Question 18

The primary goal of adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma is to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent excessive catecholamine release by removing the tumor

Answer

Control blood pressure

Answer

Preserve adrenal function

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Moon facies

Answer

Exophthalmos

Answer

Acromegaly

Answer

Goiter

Question 20

Which of the following is the preferred approach for open thyroidectomy?

Accepted Answer

Kocher incision

Answer

Transaxillary incision

Answer

Midline cervical incision

Question 21

Which of the following is the best initial diagnostic test for primary hyperparathyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Measurement of serum parathyroid hormone

Answer

Ultrasound of the neck

Answer

Fine needle aspiration biopsy

Answer

Sestamibi scan

Question 22

Which of the following is a known risk factor for developing pheochromocytoma?

Accepted Answer

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 23

Which of the following is the most common type of thyroid malignancy?

Accepted Answer

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

Answer

Follicular thyroid carcinoma

Answer

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

Answer

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma