Basic Cell Biology Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of Cells

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 2

Protein synthesis primarily occurs at which cellular structure?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 3

Identify the organelle responsible for generating energy through cellular respiration:

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Ribosome

Question 4

Which cell division process results in genetically identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Budding

Answer

Binary fission

Question 5

The Golgi apparatus is primarily involved in which cellular function?

Accepted Answer

Protein modification and packaging

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Ribosome production

Answer

Energy production

Question 6

What is the name of the fluid-filled compartment within the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Karyolymph

Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nuclear matrix

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a recognized phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase II

Answer

Interphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Telophase

Question 8

Identify the selectively permeable membrane that surrounds and defines the boundaries of a cell:

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nuclear envelope

Answer

Mitochondrial membrane

Question 9

Which of the following describes a form of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 10

The process by which a cell internalizes materials from its environment is known as:

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Question 11

Which of the following is not a stage of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Karyokinesis

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 12

What is the main role of ribosomes in cells?

Accepted Answer

Producing proteins

Answer

Creating lipids

Answer

Processing RNA

Answer

Assembling enzymes

Question 13

Identify the component NOT found in the cytosol.

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Enzymes

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Dissolved ions

Question 14

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 15

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Structural support

Answer

Storage of cellular waste

Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 16

Which stage of mitosis results in the separation of chromosomes into two identical sets?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 17

What is the extracellular matrix primarily responsible for?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support to cells

Answer

Facilitating cell-to-cell communication

Answer

Regulating cell growth and division

Answer

Storing cellular nutrients

Question 18

Identify the process by which cells divide to create two genetically identical offspring.

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 19

What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis and folding

Answer

Storage of cellular waste products

Answer

Regulation of cell division

Answer

Transport of materials within the cell

Question 20

Which of the following is a form of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Absence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Presence of ribosomes

Answer

Presence of DNA

Question 22

Where in the cell does protein synthesis primarily occur?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 23

Which cellular organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Nucleolus

Question 24

What is the term for the process of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Interphase

Question 25

Which is the accurate order of cell cycle phases?

Accepted Answer

G1, S, G2, M

Answer

M, G1, S, G2

Answer

S, G1, G2, M

Answer

G2, S, G1, M

Question 26

Which type of molecule can easily pass through the cell membrane due to its non-polarity?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Sodium ions

Answer

DNA

Question 27

In plant cells, what is the primary function of the cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and protection

Answer

Controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Storing genetic material

Answer

Carrying out photosynthesis

Question 28

Which organelle is involved in protein modification, sorting, and packaging?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 29

What is the fundamental difference between active and passive transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not

Answer

Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not

Answer

Both require energy

Answer

Neither requires energy

Question 30

Membrane-bound signaling pathways are distinct from other cell signaling pathways because they:

Accepted Answer

Utilize transmembrane receptors to transmit signals.

Answer

Involve the release of signaling molecules into the extracellular space.

Answer

Are triggered by ligands that bind to intracellular receptors.

Answer

Produce long-lasting cellular responses.

Question 31

The primary site of protein synthesis within the cell is the:

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Nucleus

Question 32

Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration and energy production?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 33

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in:

Accepted Answer

Two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Answer

Two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Answer

Four identical daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Answer

Four daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Question 34

Diffusion is a type of passive transport that involves the movement of substances:

Accepted Answer

From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Answer

From an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

Answer

Against a concentration gradient

Answer

Through the cell membrane using a carrier protein

Question 35

The primary component of the cell membrane is:

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 36

Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins?

Accepted Answer

Protein modification and packaging

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Mitochondrial replication

Answer

Ribosome production

Question 37

The type of cell signaling that involves the release of chemical messengers into the bloodstream is known as:

Accepted Answer

Endocrine signaling

Answer

Paracrine signaling

Answer

Juxtacrine signaling

Answer

Autocrine signaling

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Energy production

Answer

Transport of molecules

Answer

Selective permeability

Answer

Protection

Question 39

Which cell organelle is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 40

What is the process by which cells divide into two genetically identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Interphase

Question 41

Which of the following is a key structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Cell size

Answer

Presence of ribosomes

Answer

Shape of the cell

Question 42

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Processing and packaging of proteins

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Cell division

Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 43

What is the primary role of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

Energy currency

Answer

Structural component

Answer

Genetic material

Answer

Waste product

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell signaling?

Accepted Answer

Passive diffusion

Answer

Paracrine

Answer

Endocrine

Answer

Autocrine

Question 45

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Provides structural support and facilitates cell movement

Answer

Stores genetic material

Answer

Produces energy

Question 46

Which of the following is a type of extracellular matrix protein?

Accepted Answer

Collagen

Answer

Histone

Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Myosin