Endocrine Disorders: Quizzes and Practice Questions

Question 1

Which of the following are symptoms of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain

Accepted Answer

Thinning skin

Answer

Increased bone density

Question 2

What hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 3

What is the underlying cause of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Excess production of cortisol

Answer

Hypopituitarism

Question 4

What is the target blood glucose level range for a healthy individual?

Accepted Answer

70-99 mg/dL

Answer

100-125 mg/dL

Question 5

Which surgical procedure is used to treat thyroid cancer?

Accepted Answer

Thyroidectomy

Answer

Parathyroidectomy

Question 6

What is the primary role of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Master gland, regulating other endocrine glands

Answer

Produces growth hormone

Question 7

Which of the following is **NOT** a symptom of hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Constipation

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Goiter

Question 8

The primary hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels is:

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Estrogen

Question 9

The term for a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland is:

Accepted Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Grave's disease

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 10

Which of the following is **NOT** a potential complication of untreated diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Diabetic retinopathy

Answer

Kidney damage

Answer

Neuropathy

Question 11

The main hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates growth is:

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer

Luteinizing hormone

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 12

Which of the following is **NOT** a common symptom of acromegaly?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid enlargement

Answer

Enlarged hands and feet

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Headaches

Question 13

The primary hormone responsible for maintaining calcium balance in the body is:

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Question 14

Which of the following is **NOT** a potential cause of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

Adrenal tumor

Answer

Pituitary tumor

Answer

Excessive steroid use

Question 15

The term for a condition characterized by an overactive adrenal gland is:

Accepted Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Answer

Pheochromocytoma

Answer

Hyperaldosteronism

Question 16

Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas and regulates blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Question 17

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune disorder

Answer

Iodine deficiency

Answer

Pituitary gland dysfunction

Answer

Thyroid cancer

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Improved circulation

Answer

Retinopathy

Answer

Nephropathy

Answer

Cardiovascular disease

Question 19

What is the key difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 is autoimmune, while Type 2 is lifestyle-related

Answer

Type 2 is autoimmune, while Type 1 is lifestyle-related

Answer

Both types are autoimmune

Answer

Both types are lifestyle-related

Question 20

What is the primary diagnostic tool used to assess thyroid function?

Accepted Answer

Blood test

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Biopsy

Answer

MRI

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Constipation

Answer

Frequent urination

Answer

Excessive thirst

Answer

Weight loss

Question 22

Which hormone is primarily secreted by the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 23

Which type of hypothyroidism is the most common?

Accepted Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Answer

Grave's disease

Answer

Pituitary hypothyroidism

Answer

Subacute thyroiditis

Question 24

Which hormone is involved in regulating blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 25

What is a characteristic clinical feature of acromegaly?

Accepted Answer

Enlarged hands and feet

Answer

Stunted growth

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Blurred vision

Question 26

Which gland is responsible for releasing growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 27

Which type of diabetes mellitus is caused by an absolute deficiency of insulin?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes

Answer

Type 2 diabetes

Answer

Gestational diabetes

Answer

Secondary diabetes

Question 28

Which of the following is a potential complication of untreated Graves' disease?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid storm

Answer

Myxedema coma

Answer

Hypocalcemia

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Question 29

What is the primary function of the adrenal glands?

Accepted Answer

Regulating stress response and electrolyte balance

Answer

Producing sex hormones and regulating metabolism

Answer

Controlling blood glucose levels and insulin production

Answer

Secreting growth hormone and stimulating bone growth

Question 30

Which hormone do the parathyroid glands secrete to regulate calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone, which raises blood calcium levels

Answer

Calcitonin, which lowers blood calcium levels

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone, which reduces urine output

Answer

Growth hormone, which promotes bone growth

Question 31

Which hormone secreted by the adrenal glands plays a key role in the body's stress response?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Prolactin

Question 32

Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with Type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Frequent skin infections

Answer

Excessive urination (polyuria)

Answer

Increased thirst (polydipsia)

Answer

Unintentional weight loss

Question 33

Which hormone is responsible for regulating growth and development in children and adolescents?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 34

What type of endocrine disorder involves excessive production of the hormone cortisol?

Accepted Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease (characterized by insufficient cortisol)

Answer

Pituitary gigantism (excessive growth hormone)

Answer

Dwarfism (growth hormone deficiency)

Question 35

Which diagnostic test is commonly used to assess thyroid function?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid function test (measures thyroid hormone levels)

Answer

Blood glucose test (measures blood sugar levels)

Answer

Insulin tolerance test (evaluates insulin sensitivity)

Answer

Hemoglobin A1c test (measures average blood sugar control over time)

Question 36

What is the primary role of the adrenal glands in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Secrete hormones that regulate the body's response to stress

Answer

Produce insulin and glucagon, hormones involved in blood sugar regulation

Answer

Regulate calcium metabolism

Answer

Control body temperature

Question 37

What is the main hormone produced by the parathyroid glands?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium levels in the body

Answer

Calcitriol, a form of vitamin D that helps absorb calcium

Answer

Thyroid hormone, which regulates metabolism

Answer

Estrogen, a sex hormone

Question 38

What is the primary cause of Type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells

Answer

Insulin resistance

Answer

Genetic factors alone

Answer

Viral infection

Question 39

Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Glucagon

Question 40

What is a common symptom of type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Polyuria

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Goiter

Question 41

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Answer

Thyroid cancer

Answer

Pituitary adenoma

Question 42

What is the primary treatment for growth hormone deficiency in children?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone injections

Answer

Lifestyle modifications

Answer

Hormone replacement therapy

Answer

Surgery

Question 43

What is the diagnostic test initially used for Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

24-hour urinary free cortisol test

Answer

Thyroid function test

Answer

Growth hormone stimulation test

Answer

Fasting blood glucose test

Question 44

Which hormone is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Cortisol