Protein Metabolism: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Advanced Diploma in Healthcare

Question 1

Which organ is responsible for the majority of urea synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Large intestine

Question 2

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Brings amino acids to the ribosome

Answer

Catalyzes peptide bond formation

Answer

Proofreads the mRNA sequence

Answer

Transports proteins out of the cell

Question 3

Which factor below does NOT influence protein turnover rate?

Accepted Answer

Gender

Answer

Protein structure

Answer

Protease activity

Answer

Age

Question 4

What is the process by which proteins are selectively degraded?

Accepted Answer

Ubiquitination

Answer

Phosphorylation

Answer

Glycosylation

Answer

Acetylation

Question 5

Which of the following is a potential consequence of inadequate protein intake?

Accepted Answer

Muscle loss

Answer

Edema

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Enhanced immune function

Question 6

What is the primary function of apolipoproteins?

Accepted Answer

Transport lipids in the blood

Answer

Catalyze lipid metabolism

Answer

Store lipids in adipose tissue

Answer

Synthesize cholesterol

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a protein modification that occurs after translation?

Accepted Answer

Glycosylation

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Replication

Question 8

What is the specific role of the non-essential amino acid glycine?

Accepted Answer

Precursor for collagen synthesis

Answer

Essential for muscle growth

Answer

Regulates blood sugar levels

Answer

Synthesizes neurotransmitters

Question 9

The process by which proteins are assembled is known as:

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Protein breakdown

Answer

Protein digestion

Question 10

Which organ is primarily responsible for the detoxification of ammonia?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Spleen

Question 11

What is the final product of the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

Urea

Answer

Ammonia

Answer

Creatinine

Question 12

What is the name of the amino acid that is essential for the production of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Tyrosine

Answer

Tryptophan

Answer

Phenylalanine

Question 13

Which of the following is a symptom of protein-energy malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

Edema

Answer

Obesity

Answer

High blood pressure

Question 14

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Sites of protein assembly

Answer

Storage units for amino acids

Answer

Controllers of gene expression

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a class of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Metallic

Answer

Acidic

Answer

Aromatic

Question 16

What is the name of the bond that links individual amino acids in a protein chain?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Answer

Glycosidic bond

Answer

Ester bond

Question 17

Which of the following is the initial step in the breakdown of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Transamination

Answer

Deamination

Answer

Oxidation

Answer

Decarboxylation

Question 18

The final product of the urea cycle is:

Accepted Answer

Urea

Answer

Ammonia

Answer

Uric acid

Answer

Creatinine

Question 19

Which of the following is not a role of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Answer

Structural support

Answer

Enzyme catalysis

Answer

Hormone regulation

Question 20

Which amino acid is considered essential?

Accepted Answer

Valine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Glycine

Answer

Asparagine

Question 21

The removal of the amino group from amino acids takes place in the:

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Muscle

Answer

Brain

Question 22

Which of the following amino acids has a branched structure?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Answer

Tryptophan

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Serine

Question 23

The synthesis of urea occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Stomach

Question 24

The process of breaking down proteins into smaller fragments is called:

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Answer

Oxidation

Answer

Condensation

Answer

Polymerization

Question 25

In eukaryotic cells, protein synthesis primarily occurs at the:

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 26

Identify the byproduct of the urea cycle:

Accepted Answer

Ammonia

Answer

Creatine

Answer

Uric acid

Answer

Citrulline

Question 27

Which statement accurately describes essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Must be acquired from dietary sources as the body cannot synthesize them

Answer

Synthesized in sufficient quantities by the body

Answer

Enhanced by regular exercise

Answer

Required for the production of non-essential amino acids

Question 28

Which of the following conditions is a potential complication of severe liver disease related to protein metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Hyperammonemia

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 29

Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the urea cycle in humans?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing new amino acids

Answer

Eliminating excess nitrogen from the body

Answer

Generating bicarbonate ions

Question 30

In the urea cycle, which amino acid primarily donates its amino group for urea synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Aspartate

Answer

Histidine

Answer

Alanine

Question 31

Protein synthesis primarily occurs in which organ?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Pancreas

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a product of protein catabolism?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Urea

Answer

Acetyl CoA

Question 33

What is the term for the conversion of an amino acid's amino group into ammonia?

Accepted Answer

Deamination

Answer

Ketosis

Answer

Transamination

Answer

Decarboxylation

Question 34

Which of the following amino acids is classified as essential?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Answer

Asparagine

Answer

Glutamic acid

Answer

Alanine

Question 35

What is the primary function of RNA polymerase in protein metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Transcription of DNA into mRNA

Answer

Translation of mRNA into proteins

Answer

Catabolism of proteins

Answer

Synthesis of amino acids

Question 36

Which of the following enzymes is a key participant in the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

Argininosuccinate synthetase

Answer

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Answer

Alanine transaminase

Answer

Asparaginase

Question 37

Protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells primarily occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 38

Which amino acid is essential, meaning it cannot be synthesized by the body?

Accepted Answer

Lysine

Answer

Asparagine

Answer

Glutamic acid

Question 39

The conversion of amino acids into glucose is known as:

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Glycogenesis

Question 40

The primary nitrogenous waste product of protein metabolism in humans is:

Accepted Answer

Urea

Answer

Uric acid

Answer

Ammonia

Question 41

Which hormone promotes protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 42

A deficiency of which vitamin can lead to impaired protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin C

Question 43

The process of breaking down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Proteolysis

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Anabolism