Diabetic Emergencies: Recognition and Management for First Aid Professionals

Question 1

In the immediate treatment of hypoglycemia, what should be provided first?

Accepted Answer

Sugary drinks or foods

Answer

Glucagon administration

Answer

Intravenous fluids

Answer

Emergency medical assistance

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate indication for glucagon administration in a diabetic emergency?

Accepted Answer

Patient who has consumed a meal within the past hour

Answer

Unresponsive patient with a known history of diabetes

Answer

Patient with altered mental status and confirmed low blood sugar

Answer

Patient with a history of seizures

Question 3

What is the primary objective of emergency care for a diabetic emergency?

Accepted Answer

Prevention of further complications

Answer

Immediate restoration of blood sugar levels

Answer

Reversal of the underlying cause of the emergency

Answer

Swift transportation of the patient to a hospital

Question 4

When managing a patient with suspected hypoglycemia, which action should be avoided?

Accepted Answer

Giving insulin injections

Answer

Administering oral glucose

Answer

Measuring blood sugar levels

Answer

Monitoring the patient's airway and breathing

Question 5

What is the first-line treatment for severe hyperglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Insulin injection

Answer

Intravenous fluids

Answer

Oral glucose

Answer

Rest

Question 6

What is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) primarily used for in diabetic emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Assessing the patient's level of consciousness

Answer

Measuring blood glucose levels

Answer

Diagnosing hypoglycemia

Answer

Monitoring insulin administration

Question 7

What is the recommended target blood sugar range for individuals with type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

100-140 mg/dL

Answer

Below 100 mg/dL

Answer

140-180 mg/dL

Answer

Above 180 mg/dL

Question 8

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for administering glucagon?

Accepted Answer

Known insulinoma

Answer

History of seizures

Answer

Patient who is unconscious

Answer

Patient has an airway obstruction

Question 9

What is the main purpose of carrying a glucagon kit for individuals with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

To treat severe hypoglycemia in emergency situations

Answer

To prevent hyperglycemia

Answer

To monitor blood sugar levels

Answer

To inject insulin

Question 10

Which of the following symptoms in a patient with hyperglycemia requires immediate medical intervention?

Accepted Answer

Loss of consciousness

Answer

Frequent urination

Answer

Blurred vision

Answer

Headache

Question 11

What is the immediate priority when managing a hypoglycemic emergency?

Accepted Answer

Give the person sugary food or drink

Answer

Call for emergency medical assistance

Answer

Monitor the person's blood sugar levels

Answer

Inject glucagon

Question 12

When responding to a suspected diabetic emergency, what should be the first priority for a first responder?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring the person's airway, breathing, and circulation are maintained

Answer

Giving oral glucose or glucagon

Answer

Taking the person to the hospital right away

Question 13

Which type of diabetes is most frequently associated with emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes

Answer

Type 2 diabetes

Answer

Gestational diabetes

Answer

Prediabetes

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Trembling

Answer

Elevated blood sugar levels

Answer

Blurred vision

Answer

Increased thirst

Question 15

What is the appropriate treatment for severe hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon injection

Answer

Oral glucose tablets

Answer

Intravenous glucose

Answer

Insulin injection

Question 16

Which sign or symptom is indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Accepted Answer

Fruity-scented breath

Answer

Hypothermia

Answer

Pale complexion

Answer

Bradycardia

Question 17

Which intervention is appropriate for managing hypoglycemia in a pregnant woman?

Accepted Answer

Oral glucose solution

Answer

Subcutaneous insulin injection

Answer

Intravenous glucagon

Answer

Intravenous fluids

Question 18

What is a potential severe consequence of untreated hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Seizures

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Heart attack

Answer

Amputation

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT recommended as a lifestyle modification to reduce the risk of diabetic emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Quitting smoking

Answer

Engaging in regular physical activity

Answer

Maintaining a healthy weight

Answer

Following prescribed medication regimen

Question 20

Why is it crucial to recognize and manage diabetic emergencies promptly?

Accepted Answer

Delayed management can lead to severe complications or even death

Answer

Delayed management causes only minor discomfort

Answer

Delayed management has no significant impact on recovery

Question 21

In a diabetic emergency, what should be the first and most critical action taken by a first responder?

Accepted Answer

Call for emergency services immediately

Answer

Give glucagon to the person

Answer

Offer the person a sugary drink

Answer

Check the person's blood sugar levels

Question 22

When managing hyperglycemia, which intervention should NOT be performed?

Accepted Answer

Provide only oral fluids

Answer

Administer insulin

Answer

Monitor blood glucose levels

Question 23

What is the preferred treatment for someone experiencing severe hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon injection

Answer

Oral glucose

Answer

Intravenous glucose

Answer

Saline injection

Question 24

What is the recommended blood sugar level range for most diabetic individuals?

Accepted Answer

100-140 mg/dL

Answer

70-120 mg/dL

Answer

120-160 mg/dL

Answer

150-180 mg/dL

Question 25

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Question 26

How can psychological distress affect the management of diabetic emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of denial and resistance to treatment

Answer

Improved adherence to treatment plans

Answer

Reduced risk of complications

Answer

No impact on management

Question 27

What should be the initial management for a patient with suspected hyperglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Check blood glucose levels and administer a rapid-acting insulin if indicated.

Answer

Monitor vital signs

Answer

Provide a sugary drink

Answer

Call for emergency services

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing diabetic ketoacidosis?

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

Infection, such as pneumonia or urinary tract infection

Answer

Uncontrolled diabetes

Answer

Prolonged fasting, especially during illness

Question 29

What is the primary aim of treatment for hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Rapidly raise blood glucose levels to prevent further complications

Answer

Prevent recurrent episodes

Answer

Educate the patient on diabetes management

Answer

Monitor vital signs

Question 30

Which of the following is a potential complication of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

Accepted Answer

Seizures, as a result of severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Answer

Nephropathy

Answer

Retinopathy

Answer

Diabetic foot infection

Question 31

What is the recommended blood glucose level to aim for when treating hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

4-6 mmol/L, to avoid rebound hyperglycemia

Answer

16-18 mmol/L

Answer

8-10 mmol/L

Answer

12-14 mmol/L

Question 32

Which of the following is a sign of impending diabetic coma?

Accepted Answer

Loss of consciousness or significantly altered mental status

Answer

Polydipsia

Answer

Polyuria

Question 33

What should be the first line of treatment for a patient with suspected diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Accepted Answer

Administer intravenous fluids (0.9% saline) to correct dehydration

Answer

Give oral glucose

Answer

Monitor blood glucose levels

Answer

Provide subcutaneous insulin

Question 34

Which of the following is **NOT** a symptom of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients?

Accepted Answer

Polyuria (excessive urination)

Answer

Tremors

Answer

Confusion

Answer

Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)

Question 35

What is the **initial** treatment for hypoglycemia in diabetic patients?

Accepted Answer

Oral administration of **rapidly** acting carbohydrate sources, such as glucose tablets or fruit juice

Answer

Injection of glucagon

Answer

Elevation of feet

Answer

Intravenous glucose

Question 36

Which of the following is a **characteristic** sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Accepted Answer

Kussmaul breathing (deep, rapid breathing)

Answer

Bradypnea (abnormally slow breathing)

Answer

Hyperventilation (abnormally rapid breathing)

Answer

Cheyne-Stokes respiration (irregular breathing pattern)

Question 37

What is the **main** goal of hyperglycemia management in diabetic patients?

Accepted Answer

Lowering blood glucose levels to prevent acute complications and long-term damage

Answer

Preventing hypoglycemia

Answer

Reversing the underlying cause of hyperglycemia

Question 38

What is the **primary** cause of diabetic emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Inadequate or ineffective insulin

Answer

Trauma

Answer

Medications

Answer

Infection

Question 39

When should a person with diabetes **consider** seeking emergency medical assistance?

Accepted Answer

When blood glucose levels are significantly elevated or symptoms of a diabetic emergency are present

Answer

When they have a slight headache

Answer

When they experience a minor cut or bruise

Question 40

What is the **preferred** method of blood glucose monitoring for **immediate** management of diabetic emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Fingerstick blood glucose meter

Answer

Blood gas analysis (requires specialized equipment and laboratory setting)

Answer

Urine test strips

Answer

Continuous glucose monitor (provides real-time data but may not be immediately available or reliable in emergency situations)

Question 41

Which of the following interventions is **NOT** appropriate for managing a diabetic emergency?

Accepted Answer

Administering oral antibiotics

Answer

Administering oxygen (if needed)

Answer

Monitoring vital signs (pulse, blood pressure,呼吸）

Answer

Providing fluids (oral or intravenous)

Question 42

What is the **key** to successful management of diabetic emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Early recognition, prompt intervention, and appropriate medical treatment

Answer

Preventing complications only

Answer

Using the latest technology only

Answer

Reversing the underlying cause only