Non-Infectious Diseases: Learn and Master Human Biology

Question 1

Which major risk factor is strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

Frequent physical activity

Answer

Maintaining a healthy body weight

Question 2

Which of the following is not classified as a type of cancer?

Accepted Answer

Benign tumor

Answer

Carcinoma

Answer

Sarcoma

Answer

Leukemia

Question 3

Identify the primary hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels.

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Question 4

Specify the main function of the pancreas related to diabetes.

Accepted Answer

Produces insulin

Answer

Stores glucose

Answer

Secretes glucagon

Answer

Regulates blood pressure

Question 5

Identify the primary risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease.

Accepted Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Controlled blood pressure

Answer

Active lifestyle

Answer

Balanced diet

Question 6

Which type of cancer has the highest incidence rate globally?

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Prostate cancer

Answer

Colorectal cancer

Question 7

Insulin is a hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating which aspect of human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose levels

Answer

Thyroid function

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Digestive processes

Question 8

Of the following symptoms, which is considered the primary indicator of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Progressive shortness of breath

Answer

Persistent wheezing

Answer

Intermittent coughing

Answer

Chest pain upon exertion

Question 9

An abnormal growth of cells in the body is medically referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

Tumour

Answer

Cyst

Answer

Abscess

Answer

Ulcer

Question 10

What is the primary function of the lungs in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate gas exchange and oxygenation

Answer

To filter waste products from the blood

Answer

To digest food

Answer

To produce hormones

Question 11

The lining of blood vessels is formed by a tissue known as:

Accepted Answer

Epithelium

Answer

Connective tissue

Answer

Muscle tissue

Answer

Nervous tissue

Question 12

What is considered the primary cause of type 2 diabetes, characterized by the body's inability to effectively use insulin:

Accepted Answer

Insulin resistance

Answer

Destruction of pancreatic beta cells by the immune system

Answer

Reduced insulin production

Answer

Excessive glucose production

Question 13

Which type of cancer is defined by uncontrolled cell growth and the potential to spread to other body parts:

Accepted Answer

Malignant

Answer

Benign

Answer

Metastatic

Answer

Invasive

Question 14

Identify the primary function of insulin in the human body:

Accepted Answer

Decrease blood glucose levels

Answer

Increase blood glucose levels

Answer

Promote protein synthesis

Answer

Inhibit fatty acid breakdown

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a recommended lifestyle modification to help prevent cardiovascular disease:

Accepted Answer

Taking prescription medications

Answer

Quitting smoking

Answer

Adopting a healthy diet

Answer

Regular physical activity

Question 16

Which type of cancer has the highest incidence rate in the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Prostate cancer

Answer

Bowel cancer

Question 17

Which of the following symptoms is not characteristic of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Increased thirst

Answer

Frequent urination

Answer

Blurred vision

Question 18

Identify the predominant cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD):

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Air pollution

Answer

Exercise

Answer

Genetics

Question 19

Identify the leading cause of death attributed to non-infectious diseases globally:

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular diseases

Answer

Cancer

Answer

Chronic respiratory diseases

Answer

Diabetes

Question 20

How have targeted therapies and immunotherapies improved patient outcomes in cancer treatment?

Accepted Answer

Increased precision and reduced side effects, leading to better survival rates

Answer

Lowered overall treatment costs

Answer

Increased risk of cancer recurrence

Answer

Universal effectiveness against all cancer types

Question 21

The most common type of cancer worldwide is:

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Colorectal cancer

Answer

Prostate cancer

Question 22

A characteristic symptom of type 1 diabetes is:

Accepted Answer

Polyuria

Answer

Fever

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 23

Which of the following is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Tuberculosis

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Asthma

Question 24

The primary pathological process in cardiovascular disease is:

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis

Answer

Inflammation

Answer

Blood clotting

Answer

Infection

Question 25

Cancer is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled cell growth

Answer

Tissue inflammation

Answer

Excessive fluid retention

Question 26

The hormone primarily involved in diabetes mellitus is:

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 27

A major risk factor for respiratory diseases is:

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Childhood obesity

Answer

Excessive caffeine intake

Answer

Diabetes

Question 28

Non-infectious diseases are primarily caused by:

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle factors and genetics

Answer

Exposure to toxins

Answer

Infectious microorganisms

Answer

Nutritional deficiencies

Question 29

The prevalence of non-infectious diseases globally is:

Accepted Answer

Increasing

Answer

Only prevalent in developed countries

Answer

Stable

Answer

Decreasing

Question 30

Which of the following is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Race

Answer

Family history

Answer

Age

Question 31

Which type of cancer arises from the uncontrolled growth of cells in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Sarcoma

Answer

Melanoma

Answer

Leukemia

Question 32

What is the primary hormone responsible for lowering blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 33

Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Skin rash

Answer

Fever

Question 34

What is the recommended daily intake of saturated fat for adults to maintain good health?

Accepted Answer

Less than 30g

Answer

100g or more

Answer

More than 60g

Answer

There is no recommended limit

Question 35

Which of the following lifestyle modifications can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Regular aerobic exercise

Answer

Consuming a diet high in processed foods

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

Smoking

Question 36

What is the term for the process by which cancer cells become resistant to the effects of chemotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Drug resistance

Answer

Immunosuppression

Answer

Metastasis

Answer

Apoptosis

Question 37

Which of the following is a potential complication of diabetic retinopathy?

Accepted Answer

Loss of vision

Answer

Chest pain

Answer

Shortness of breath

Question 38

What is the name of the surgical procedure used to remove a cancerous tumor?

Accepted Answer

Surgical excision

Answer

Biopsy

Answer

Ablation

Answer

Cryosurgery

Question 39

Which of the following is a potential complication of asthma?

Accepted Answer

Acute respiratory failure

Answer

Heart attack

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Kidney failure

Question 40

Which of the following is a **major** risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Healthy diet

Answer

Regular physical activity

Answer

Low stress levels

Question 41

Type 2 diabetes is primarily caused by:

Accepted Answer

Insulin resistance

Answer

Genetic mutation

Answer

Autoimmune disorder

Answer

Viral infection

Question 42

Which type of cancer involves uncontrolled cell division in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Leukemia

Answer

Prostate cancer

Question 43

The primary symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is:

Accepted Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Skin rash

Answer

Muscle pain

Answer

Fever

Question 44

What is the key difference between a chronic and an acute disease?

Accepted Answer

Chronic diseases have a long-lasting duration, while acute diseases are short-lived.

Answer

Acute diseases are more severe than chronic diseases.

Answer

Chronic diseases are caused by viruses, while acute diseases are caused by bacteria.

Question 45

Which lifestyle factor can contribute to the development of non-infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

Lack of physical activity

Answer

Balanced diet

Answer

Adequate sleep

Answer

Stress management

Question 46

Oxidative stress in the context of non-infectious diseases:

Accepted Answer

Can cause damage to cells and tissues, contributing to disease development.

Answer

Protects cells from damage.

Answer

Is only involved in infectious diseases.

Question 47

Which of the following is a screening test for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure measurement

Answer

Biopsy

Answer

MRI scan

Answer

X-ray

Question 48

Why is early detection and intervention important for non-infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

It can improve treatment outcomes and reduce the likelihood of complications.

Answer

It only applies to infectious diseases.

Answer

It is not necessary for non-infectious diseases.