Poverty and Inequality: Causes, Consequences, and Welfare Policies

Question 1

Identify the factor that does not contribute to poverty and social exclusion.

Accepted Answer

Personal choice and a lack of motivation

Answer

Limited access to essential services like education and healthcare

Answer

Discrimination based on factors such as race, gender, or disability

Answer

Deficient social support systems

Question 2

The term 'relative poverty' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Individuals with lower income or resources compared to the majority of their society

Answer

Individuals who fall below the poverty threshold in their country

Answer

Individuals who face extreme deprivation and are unable to meet basic needs

Answer

Individuals experiencing homelessness or severe poverty

Question 3

The primary purpose of the welfare state in the UK is:

Accepted Answer

Providing support and protection for those facing challenges

Answer

Eradicating poverty and social exclusion entirely

Answer

Fostering personal responsibility and self-reliance

Answer

Imposing penalties on individuals unable to support themselves

Question 4

The Social Exclusion Unit in the UK was established to:

Accepted Answer

Develop and implement policies that combat poverty and social exclusion

Answer

Monitor the effects of social exclusion on individuals and communities

Answer

Provide direct services to those impacted by poverty and social exclusion

Answer

Enforce sanctions on individuals who refuse to work

Question 5

Which approach to addressing poverty involves involving affected communities in decision-making and implementation?

Accepted Answer

Participatory approach

Answer

Cash transfers to individuals in need

Answer

Legislation raising the minimum wage

Answer

Increased police presence for crime prevention

Question 6

The concept of social justice emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

Fair and equitable distribution of resources and opportunities

Answer

Protecting fundamental rights and freedoms

Answer

Maintaining social order and stability

Answer

Punishing individuals who violate the law

Question 7

The concept of intersectionality acknowledges that:

Accepted Answer

Poverty and social exclusion can affect individuals differently based on their multiple identities and experiences

Answer

Poverty is the primary driver of social exclusion

Answer

Social exclusion is limited to specific population groups

Answer

Individuals can only experience one form of discrimination or disadvantage at a time

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a common feature of social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Participation in community activities

Answer

Limited access to resources

Answer

Social isolation

Answer

Discrimination

Question 9

Which of the following is a government welfare policy specifically designed to address poverty?

Accepted Answer

Universal Credit

Answer

Minimum wage

Answer

Tax breaks for businesses

Answer

Education vouchers

Question 10

What is the precise meaning of 'social exclusion'?

Accepted Answer

Being excluded from participating in and benefiting from social activities and opportunities

Answer

Living in poverty or having a low income

Answer

Experiencing discrimination and prejudice based on personal characteristics

Answer

Not having access to essential services like healthcare and education

Question 11

Which of the following is not a consequence of social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Improved job prospects

Answer

Mental health problems

Answer

Lower school attainment

Answer

Increased risk of crime

Question 12

How do social stratification and economic inequality contribute to the persistence of poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

They are significant factors.

Answer

They have a minor impact.

Answer

They help reduce poverty and social exclusion.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a characteristic of poverty?

Accepted Answer

High levels of education

Answer

Insufficient income and resources

Answer

Social isolation

Answer

Limited access to healthcare and education

Question 14

What is the term used to describe the process of individuals and groups being excluded from mainstream society?

Accepted Answer

Social exclusion

Answer

Economic deprivation

Answer

Cultural isolation

Answer

Political marginalization

Question 15

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of poverty?

Accepted Answer

Severe deprivation of basic necessities

Answer

Chronic unemployment

Answer

Social isolation

Answer

Low self-esteem

Question 16

Describe a key benefit of welfare policies in addressing poverty:

Accepted Answer

Providing financial assistance

Answer

Improving access to healthcare

Answer

Increasing employment opportunities

Answer

Reducing societal stigma associated with poverty

Question 17

Distinguish between absolute and relative poverty:

Accepted Answer

Absolute poverty refers to a specific income level, while relative poverty is based on comparison to others.

Answer

Relative poverty refers to a specific income level, while absolute poverty is based on comparison to others.

Answer

Absolute poverty is based on objective criteria, while relative poverty is based on subjective perceptions.

Answer

Relative poverty is based on objective criteria, while absolute poverty is based on subjective perceptions.

Question 18

Evaluate the effectiveness of international organizations in addressing the complex and multifaceted issues of global poverty and social exclusion.

Accepted Answer

International organizations have made substantial progress in reducing poverty and social exclusion globally, but challenges still remain.

Answer

International organizations have completely resolved poverty and social exclusion on a global scale.

Answer

International organizations have been largely ineffective in their efforts to address global poverty and social exclusion.

Answer

International organizations have actually worsened poverty and social exclusion on a global scale.

Question 19

Which of the following is a negative consequence of social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Impaired physical and mental health

Answer

Enhanced job prospects

Answer

Increased community involvement

Answer

Improved social networks

Question 20

The Welfare State primarily aims to address which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Economic inequality and social disparities

Answer

Political polarization

Answer

Technological advancement

Answer

Environmental degradation

Question 21

Which criticism highlights a limitation of the 'cycle of poverty' theory?

Accepted Answer

It overemphasizes individual responsibility, overlooking societal factors.

Answer

It does not consider cultural influences.

Answer

It is based on outdated research.

Answer

It is overly simplistic.

Question 22

The 'social investment' approach to poverty reduction emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

Providing individuals with skills, opportunities, and support to break the cycle of poverty.

Answer

Relying solely on charity organizations.

Answer

Distributing welfare benefits without conditions.

Question 23

Which policy type aims to prevent people from falling into poverty by providing a basic level of financial security?

Accepted Answer

Universal basic income

Answer

Progressive taxation

Answer

Housing subsidies

Answer

Minimum wage regulations

Question 24

Which of the following is an indicator of social deprivation?

Accepted Answer

Limited access to essential services and resources, such as healthcare, education, and green spaces.

Answer

Good quality housing

Answer

High levels of educational attainment

Answer

Presence of community support networks

Question 25

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of poverty?

Accepted Answer

Limited financial resources

Answer

Social inclusion

Answer

Good health

Answer

Access to higher education

Question 26

Which welfare policy provides financial support to individuals and families in financial hardship?

Accepted Answer

Social security

Answer

Universal basic income

Answer

Education vouchers

Question 27

What is a primary consequence of social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Reduced opportunities for social and economic advancement

Answer

Improved health outcomes

Answer

Enhanced civic participation

Answer

Increased social mobility

Question 28

Which factor is widely recognized as a major contributor to both poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Discrimination

Answer

Family structure

Answer

Educational attainment

Answer

Access to healthcare

Question 29

What is a potential limitation of welfare policies in addressing poverty?

Accepted Answer

Creation of dependency on government assistance

Answer

Enhanced social mobility

Answer

Increased economic growth

Answer

Improved social cohesion

Question 30

Which measure is commonly used to quantify income inequality?

Accepted Answer

Gini coefficient

Answer

Human Development Index

Answer

Social exclusion index

Answer

Poverty rate

Question 31

What is a key psychosocial challenge faced by individuals experiencing poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Stigma and discrimination

Answer

Lack of employment opportunities

Answer

Limited access to quality education

Answer

Shortage of affordable housing

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of social inclusion?

Accepted Answer

Increased crime rates

Answer

Improved health outcomes

Answer

Enhanced civic participation

Answer

Reduced social isolation

Question 33

What is a key role of education in combating poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Providing opportunities for social and economic mobility

Answer

Reducing income inequality

Answer

Creating new employment opportunities

Answer

Offering financial assistance to individuals

Question 34

Which approach is considered a best practice in designing effective policies to address poverty and social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Engaging affected communities in the policy development process

Answer

Focusing exclusively on economic growth without addressing social factors

Answer

Implementing top-down solutions without community input

Question 35

Which of the following is the most common indicator used to measure poverty?

Accepted Answer

Income below a certain threshold

Answer

Social isolation

Answer

Lack of access to healthcare

Answer

Low educational attainment

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to social exclusion for young people?

Accepted Answer

High levels of education

Answer

Lack of opportunities for social participation

Answer

Unemployment

Answer

Discrimination

Question 37

Which of the following is a primary goal of welfare policies?

Accepted Answer

To reduce poverty and social exclusion

Answer

To improve health outcomes

Answer

To reduce crime rates

Answer

To promote economic development

Question 38

Which of the following is a potential consequence of poverty?

Accepted Answer

Poor health

Answer

Increased social status

Answer

Higher levels of political participation

Answer

Improved educational opportunities

Question 39

Which of the following is considered a best practice in welfare policy development?

Accepted Answer

Involving individuals affected by poverty in the design process

Answer

Considering only the economic impact

Answer

Prioritizing short-term solutions

Answer

Relying solely on expert opinions

Question 40

What is the fundamental distinction between absolute and relative poverty?

Accepted Answer

Absolute poverty is defined in terms of meeting basic human needs, while relative poverty is defined in relation to the living standards of a particular society.

Answer

Absolute poverty focuses on income levels, whereas relative poverty considers a broader range of factors.

Answer

Relative poverty is more prevalent in developed countries, while absolute poverty is more common in developing countries.

Answer

Relative poverty is a temporary condition, while absolute poverty is a permanent state.