Central Nervous System Quiz: Test Your Knowledge

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Protecting the brain

Answer

Conducting nerve impulses

Answer

Mediating reflexes

Answer

Integrating sensory and motor information

Question 2

What are the fluid-filled cavities within the brain called?

Accepted Answer

Ventricles

Answer

Meninges

Answer

Cranial nerves

Answer

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter plays a crucial role in facilitating muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Serotonin

Question 4

Which protective membrane encloses and safeguards the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Meninges

Answer

Ventricles

Answer

Blood-brain barrier

Answer

Pituitary gland

Question 5

Which region of the brain is primarily responsible for coordinating balance and ensuring smooth, controlled movement?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Hypothalamus

Question 6

What term describes the electrical process in neurons that enables them to transmit signals?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Answer

Hyperpolarization

Answer

Synaptic transmission

Answer

Long-term potentiation

Question 7

At which point on a neuron does it send out its axon?

Accepted Answer

Axon hillock

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Cell body

Answer

Synaptic terminal

Question 8

Which neuroimaging technique utilizes magnetic fields to generate detailed images of the brain, allowing for non-invasive examination?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Question 9

In the central nervous system, which neuroglial cell type is responsible for producing myelin?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 10

Which region of the brain is primarily responsible for higher-order cognitive processes, such as problem-solving and decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Brainstem

Answer

Spinal cord

Question 11

Within the spinal cord, which region contains the cell bodies of motor neurons that control muscle movement?

Accepted Answer

Ventral horn

Answer

Dorsal horn

Answer

Lateral horn

Answer

White matter

Question 12

What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system division?

Accepted Answer

Activation of the 'fight-or-flight' response during stressful situations

Answer

Maintenance of homeostasis during periods of rest

Answer

Control of digestion and metabolism

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 13

Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for promoting rest and digestion?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 14

What is the primary role of the corpus callosum within the brain?

Accepted Answer

To connect the left and right cerebral hemispheres and facilitate interhemispheric communication

Answer

To control the autonomic nervous system

Answer

To produce cerebrospinal fluid

Answer

To coordinate balance and posture

Question 15

Which part of a neuron is responsible for conducting electrical impulses away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Synapse

Answer

Nucleus

Question 16

What is the predominant energy source utilized by neurons for their metabolic processes?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Ketone bodies

Question 17

Which type of receptor is activated by the neurotransmitter serotonin, modulating various physiological and mental processes?

Accepted Answer

Metabotropic

Answer

Ionotropic

Answer

Nicotinic

Answer

Muscarinic

Question 18

What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier, a specialized network of cells lining the blood vessels in the brain?

Accepted Answer

To protect the brain from potentially harmful substances in the blood

Answer

To promote nutrient exchange between the blood and the brain

Answer

To control blood flow to the brain

Answer

To detect and respond to brain injuries

Question 19

Which of the following functions is NOT performed by the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones

Answer

Receiving sensory information

Answer

Interpreting and integrating information

Answer

Sending signals to muscles and glands

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Processing sensory information

Answer

Coordinating voluntary movements

Answer

Maintaining balance and coordination

Question 21

Which brain region controls involuntary functions like breathing and heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Thalamus

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 22

What type of neuron conveys signals from sensory organs to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Afferent neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Efferent neuron

Question 23

Which neurotransmitter is predominantly involved in muscle movement?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

GABA

Question 24

What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulates involuntary functions of the body

Answer

Controls voluntary movements

Answer

Coordinates brain activities

Answer

Processes sensory information

Question 25

Which brain imaging technique employs magnetic fields and radio waves to provide detailed images of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computerized tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

Question 26

What is the primary responsibility of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordination and balance

Answer

Voluntary muscle control

Answer

Memory and learning

Answer

Mood regulation

Question 27

What is the purpose of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Protects the brain from harmful substances

Answer

Produces cerebrospinal fluid

Answer

Allows nutrients to reach the brain

Answer

Regulates blood flow to the brain