Metabolism in Sports: Interactive Quizzes for Advanced Diploma Students

Question 1

Anabolic reactions are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones

Answer

Breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones

Answer

Release of energy

Answer

Occurring in the mitochondria

Question 2

Which of the following reactions occurs in the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)?

Accepted Answer

Citrate oxidation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 3

The primary function of oxidative phosphorylation is to:

Accepted Answer

Produce ATP

Answer

Generate reducing equivalents (NADH and FADH2)

Answer

Synthesize glucose

Answer

Break down fatty acids

Question 4

Which of the following metabolic pathways is most directly involved in the breakdown of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Pentose phosphate pathway

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycogenolysis

Question 5

The body's main energy reserve, stored as triglycerides, is found in:

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Amino acids

Question 6

Which enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Reductase

Question 7

What is the primary source of energy for the body during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Ketone bodies

Question 8

Describe the key difference between catabolism and anabolism.

Accepted Answer

Catabolism breaks down molecules; anabolism builds them up

Answer

Catabolism uses energy; anabolism releases energy

Answer

Catabolism occurs in the cytoplasm; anabolism occurs in the nucleus

Answer

Catabolism involves enzymes; anabolism does not

Question 9

What is the primary role of glycogen in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Stores glucose in skeletal muscle

Answer

Releases fatty acids into the bloodstream

Answer

Synthesizes amino acids

Answer

Breaks down proteins

Question 10

Which molecule is the cell's primary energy currency?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

Pyruvate

Question 11

What term describes the process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Metabolism

Question 12

Which class of compounds facilitates chemical reactions in the body?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Proteins

Question 13

Identify the metabolic pathway that converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA.

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 14

Which of the following is not considered a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 15

During high-intensity exercise, what serves as the body's primary fuel source?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Ketone bodies

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fatty acids

Question 16

Which hormone triggers the release of glucose from the liver?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Somatotropin

Question 17

What is the term for a metabolic state characterized by elevated ketone bodies?

Accepted Answer

Ketosis

Answer

Acidosis

Answer

Alkalosis

Answer

Hyperglycemia

Question 18

Which metabolic adaptation occurs during prolonged fasting?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Increased muscle mass

Question 19

Identify the metabolic pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate.

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Pentose phosphate pathway

Question 20

Which of the following is explicitly NOT a major pathway of metabolism in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 21

Enzymes play a crucial role in metabolic reactions primarily because they:

Accepted Answer

Lower the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Answer

Provide all the energy necessary for the reaction.

Answer

Are consumed in the reaction as substrates.

Question 22

Identify the molecule that serves as the main energy currency within cells:

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Creatine phosphate

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Glycogen

Question 23

Catabolism can be defined as the process involving the:

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of complex molecules to release energy.

Answer

Storage of energy in the form of ATP.

Answer

Synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones.

Question 24

Which of the following products is generated during the glycolysis pathway?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

Oxaloacetate

Answer

Citrate

Question 25

Within which organelle of eukaryotic cells does the Krebs cycle take place?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Cytoplasm

Question 26

Identify the hormone that triggers the breakdown of glycogen stored in muscles:

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 27

For an individual solely consuming carbohydrates, what is their expected respiratory quotient (RQ)?

Accepted Answer

1.0

Answer

0.9

Answer

0.7

Answer

1.3

Question 28

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Generate ATP

Answer

Produce NADH and FADH2

Answer

Synthesize acetyl-CoA from pyruvate