Major Endocrine Glands: Structure and Function for Sport Performance

Question 1

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism and controlling body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 2

In response to stressful situations, which hormones are secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline and noradrenaline

Answer

Insulin and glucagon

Answer

Cortisol and aldosterone

Answer

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Insulin secretion

Answer

Growth hormone regulation

Answer

Thyroid gland control

Answer

Stimulation of milk production

Question 4

The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. Which of these is primarily an exocrine function of the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Digestive enzyme production

Answer

Insulin and glucagon secretion

Answer

Regulation of blood sugar

Answer

Growth hormone release

Question 5

Which hormone plays a central role in regulating calcium levels in the body?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 6

Which gland is responsible for secreting hormones that primarily regulate blood pressure and electrolyte levels?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal cortex

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 7

Which hormone is commonly referred to as the 'stress hormone' due to its involvement in the body's stress response?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 8

Which gland is primarily responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle in females?

Accepted Answer

Ovaries

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pancreas

Question 9

Which hormone is primarily involved in regulating fluid balance within the body?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Prolactin

Question 10

Which hormone primarily promotes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose and stimulates the production of new glucose (gluconeogenesis)?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 11

Which hormone is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 12

Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels in the body?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 13

Where is the pancreas primarily located in the body?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal cavity, behind the stomach

Answer

Thoracic cavity, near the heart

Answer

Pelvic cavity, below the bladder

Answer

Cranial cavity, inside the skull

Question 14

Which of the following is a primary function of the adrenal medulla?

Accepted Answer

Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer

Regulates water and electrolyte balance

Answer

Stimulates growth and development

Answer

Produces anti-inflammatory hormones

Question 15

Hyperthyroidism is a condition characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Increased thyroid hormone levels

Answer

Decreased thyroid hormone levels

Answer

Inflammation of the thyroid gland

Answer

Overgrowth of the parathyroid gland

Question 16

Which of these hormones plays a central role in growth and maturation during early life stages?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 17

Which endocrine gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 18

The primary function of the thyroid gland is to regulate:

Accepted Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Blood sugar levels

Answer

Electrolyte balance

Answer

Growth

Question 19

Cortisol, a stress hormone, is secreted by which gland?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 20

Which pancreatic hormone stimulates glycogen breakdown?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Somatostatin

Answer

Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 21

The parathyroid gland is responsible for regulating:

Accepted Answer

Calcium metabolism

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Glucose levels

Answer

Body temperature

Question 22

Which hormone is the primary sex hormone in females?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Cortisol

Question 23

Melatonin is a hormone involved in regulating:

Accepted Answer

Sleep-wake cycles

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Appetite

Answer

Stress response

Question 24

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) primarily functions to:

Accepted Answer

Conserve water in the kidneys

Answer

Increase blood pressure

Answer

Stimulate sweat production

Answer

Promote glucose release from the liver

Question 25

The hormone that stimulates the release of thyroid hormones from the pituitary gland is:

Accepted Answer

TRH

Answer

GnRH

Answer

FSH

Answer

CRH

Question 26

Which hormone increases bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Estrogen