The Gastrointestinal Tract: Structure and Function Quiz

Question 1

Gastric juices are released in response to the stimulation of which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Secretin

Question 2

Which of the following processes is NOT a function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Answer

Digestion of carbohydrates

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Propulsion of food

Question 3

Which portion of the digestive tract is responsible for the formation of feces?

Accepted Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Question 4

Which type of epithelium lines the majority of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar

Answer

Stratified squamous

Answer

Cuboidal

Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated

Question 5

What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Answer

Secrete digestive enzymes

Answer

Produce hormones

Answer

Propel food

Question 6

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the breakdown of lipids?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Sucrase

Question 7

Which muscular layer of the digestive tract is responsible for propelling food through the tract?

Accepted Answer

Muscularis externa

Answer

Serosa

Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Submucosa

Question 8

What is the main function of the liver in the context of digestion?

Accepted Answer

Production of bile

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Secretion of digestive enzymes

Answer

Storage of glycogen

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Digesting carbohydrates and proteins

Answer

Absorbing water from undigested material

Answer

Synthesizing vitamin K

Answer

Forming and storing feces

Question 10

Which enzyme in the stomach initiates protein digestion?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Lactase

Question 11

Which portion of the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Stomach

Question 12

What type of muscle contraction propels food through the esophagus during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Sphincter contraction

Answer

Antiperistalsis

Question 13

Which hormone primarily stimulates the secretion of gastric acid?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Insulin

Question 14

What is the primary purpose of the villi in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Increase the surface area for nutrient absorption

Answer

Produce digestive enzymes

Answer

Transport nutrients into the bloodstream

Answer

Store food prior to digestion

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a constituent of fecal material?

Accepted Answer

Bile salts

Answer

Undigested food remnants

Answer

Bacteria

Answer

Water

Question 16

What is the liver's primary function in relation to the gastrointestinal system?

Accepted Answer

Producing and secreting bile

Answer

Storing excess glucose as glycogen

Answer

Detoxifying the blood

Answer

Producing insulin

Question 17

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal discomfort and bloating

Answer

Elevated blood sugar levels

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Unexplained weight gain

Question 18

What is the main function of the pancreas in the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Producing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

Answer

Absorbing nutrients from food

Answer

Storing bile before its release

Answer

Producing hormones that regulate blood sugar levels

Question 19

What is the main function of the villi in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Answer

Produce digestive enzymes

Answer

Control the flow of food

Answer

Secrete mucus for lubrication

Question 20

Which pancreatic enzyme is essential for the digestion of fats?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Pepsin

Question 21

What is the primary role of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of water and electrolytes

Answer

Digestion of proteins

Answer

Secretion of digestive enzymes

Answer

Storage of undigested food

Question 22

Which hormone stimulates the release of gastric juices?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Somatostatin

Question 23

What is the main function of the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Transport food from the mouth to the stomach

Answer

Digest food

Answer

Absorb nutrients

Answer

Store food

Question 24

What is the role of the liver in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Production of bile

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Storage of food

Answer

Secretion of digestive enzymes

Question 25

What is the term for the involuntary muscle contractions that propel food through the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Secretion