Research in Sport: Definition, Types, Process, and Ethics

Question 1

Precisely identify the aspect that does NOT characterize quantitative research:

Accepted Answer

Aims to explore intricate phenomena with depth.

Answer

Emphasizes the utilization of numerical data.

Answer

Involves a substantial sample size.

Answer

Employs statistical analysis to interpret data.

Question 2

Identify the ethical principle that ensures participants are adequately informed about the research and their involvement:

Accepted Answer

consentimiento informado

Answer

autonomía

Answer

beneficencia

Answer

justicia

Question 3

A research design that involves comparing groups that are similar in all aspects except for the independent variable is termed:

Accepted Answer

Experimental design

Answer

Observational design

Answer

Case study design

Answer

Phenomenological design

Question 4

Which of the following methods is characteristic of qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

Interview

Answer

Survey

Answer

Experiment

Answer

Meta-analysis

Question 5

Identify the primary limitation associated with observational research:

Accepted Answer

Inability to control variables

Answer

Limited generalizability

Answer

Ethical concerns

Answer

Lack of statistical power

Question 6

What is the main goal of research in the field of sport?

Accepted Answer

To deepen our understanding of sport-related topics

Answer

To create new training methods for athletes

Answer

To encourage physical activity and sport participation

Answer

To make money for sports businesses

Question 7

In research involving human participants, which ethical principles are crucial for researchers to adhere to?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent, beneficence, justice, and respect for autonomy

Answer

Anonymity, confidentiality, privacy, and respect for autonomy

Answer

Justice, beneficence, non-maleficence, and anonymity

Question 8

Quantitative research methods involve:

Accepted Answer

Statistical analysis of numerical data

Answer

In-depth interviews with individuals

Answer

Case studies exploring specific examples

Answer

Group discussions to gather opinions

Question 9

The initial stage of the research process is:

Accepted Answer

Literature review

Answer

Data collection

Answer

Formulating hypotheses

Answer

Drawing conclusions

Question 10

The primary distinction between deductive and inductive research approaches lies in:

Accepted Answer

Deductive begins with a theory while inductive begins with observations

Answer

Inductive begins with a theory while deductive begins with observations

Answer

Deductive research is qualitative while inductive research is quantitative

Answer

Inductive research is qualitative while deductive research is quantitative

Question 11

Which characteristic is NOT associated with scientific research?

Accepted Answer

Subjective

Answer

Empirical

Answer

Methodological

Answer

Objective

Question 12

The primary objective of exploratory research is to:

Accepted Answer

Generate hypotheses

Answer

Confirm hypotheses

Answer

Solve specific problems

Answer

Provide statistical generalizations

Question 13

Which of the following is not recognized as a legitimate research design?

Accepted Answer

Narrative

Answer

Experimental

Answer

Quasi-experimental

Answer

Descriptive

Question 14

The concept of reliability in research primarily refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Consistency of findings

Answer

Accuracy of findings

Answer

Generalizability of findings

Answer

Replicability of findings

Question 15

Which factor is NOT known to influence the validity of research?

Accepted Answer

Random chance

Answer

Sampling error

Answer

Measurement error

Answer

Researcher bias

Question 16

Precise Question: Which of the following is NOT a legitimate objective of research in sports science?

Accepted Answer

To promote the interests of commercial entities.

Answer

To acquire knowledge and insight.

Answer

To facilitate decision-making and practice improvement.

Answer

To advance theoretical understanding and model development.

Question 17

Precise Question: In the research process, what is the initial step?

Accepted Answer

Formulation of a research question.

Answer

Data collection.

Answer

Selection of appropriate research methods.

Answer

Preparation of the research report.

Question 18

Precise Question: Which type of research design involves studying a particular group or individual over an extended period?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal research.

Answer

Qualitative research.

Answer

Quantitative research.

Answer

Cross-sectional research.

Question 19

Precise Question: What is the primary function of ethical considerations in research?

Accepted Answer

To safeguard the rights and welfare of human participants.

Answer

To shield researchers from legal liability.

Answer

To guarantee the scientific validity of research methods.

Answer

To restrict the scope of research investigations.

Question 20

Precise Question: Which characteristic is unique to qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

Focus on interpreting experiences and meanings.

Answer

Emphasis on gathering numerical data.

Answer

Application of statistical analysis.

Answer

Sampling of large populations.

Question 21

Precise Question: What is the primary purpose of a research hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

To make a prediction about the study's outcome.

Answer

To summarize the study's results.

Answer

To assist in selecting research techniques.

Answer

To ensure adherence to ethical guidelines.

Question 22

Precise Question: What is the fundamental distinction between inductive and deductive reasoning in research?

Accepted Answer

Inductive reasoning proceeds from specific observations to general theories, while deductive reasoning proceeds from general theories to specific predictions.

Answer

Deductive reasoning proceeds from specific observations to general theories, while inductive reasoning proceeds from general theories to specific predictions.

Answer

Inductive reasoning involves the use of statistics, whereas deductive reasoning does not.

Answer

Deductive reasoning is more reliable than inductive reasoning.