Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Quiz: Test Your Knowledge

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary function of the kidneys in fluid and electrolyte balance?

Accepted Answer

Filtration of water and electrolytes

Answer

Regulation of blood pressure

Answer

Production of hormones

Answer

Detoxification of waste products

Question 2

Which hormone is responsible for regulating water reabsorption by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer

Insulin

Question 3

Which electrolyte is primarily responsible for maintaining electrical neutrality in the body fluids?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Chloride

Answer

Calcium

Question 4

Which condition is characterized by excessive loss of fluids and electrolytes, often due to diarrhea or vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Edema

Answer

Hypokalemia

Question 5

Which of the following is a potential complication of severe dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Hypovolemic shock

Answer

Edema

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Respiratory acidosis

Question 6

Which dietary source is rich in potassium?

Accepted Answer

Bananas

Answer

Red meat

Answer

White bread

Answer

Sugar

Question 7

Which patient assessment finding indicates fluid overload?

Accepted Answer

Edema

Answer

Increased urine output

Answer

Dry mucous membranes

Answer

Rapid pulse

Question 8

Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with severe dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous fluids

Answer

Oral rehydration therapy

Answer

Diuretics

Answer

Antibiotics

Question 9

Which of the following is a potential nursing diagnosis related to fluid and electrolyte imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Fluid volume deficit

Answer

Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Risk for infection

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a main role of the kidneys in regulating fluid and electrolyte balance?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones that influence blood pressure

Answer

Regulating the amount of water in the body

Answer

Regulating the concentration of sodium in the blood

Answer

Eliminating waste products from the blood

Question 11

What is the term for the mechanism by which excess water is removed from the body?

Accepted Answer

Diuresis

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Evaporation

Question 12

Which of the following hormones plays a primary role in regulating water reabsorption in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 13

What is the typical range for blood sodium levels in a healthy individual?

Accepted Answer

135-145 mEq/L

Answer

125-135 mEq/L

Answer

115-125 mEq/L

Answer

105-115 mEq/L

Question 14

How does the body primarily respond to a decrease in blood volume?

Accepted Answer

Increasing heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

Releasing antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Increasing the production of red blood cells

Answer

Decreasing the secretion of aldosterone

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a potential symptom of hyperkalemia?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Muscle weakness

Answer

Cardiac arrhythmias

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Question 16

What is the primary function of the large intestine in the context of fluid and electrolyte balance?

Accepted Answer

To absorb water and electrolytes

Answer

To secrete water and electrolytes

Answer

To store water and electrolytes

Answer

It has no major role in fluid and electrolyte balance

Question 17

How does aldosterone affect electrolyte balance by influencing the collecting ducts in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Increases sodium reabsorption and decreases potassium reabsorption

Answer

Decreases sodium reabsorption and increases potassium reabsorption

Answer

Has no effect on electrolyte reabsorption in the collecting ducts

Answer

Increases sodium secretion and decreases potassium secretion

Question 18

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating water reabsorption in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 19

Which of the following electrolyte imbalances can result in muscle weakness and fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Hypophosphatemia

Question 20

The primary mechanism for maintaining electrolyte balance is through:

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Filtration

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance?

Accepted Answer

Reabsorbing glucose

Answer

Filtering waste products

Answer

Excreting excess water and electrolytes

Answer

Regulating blood pressure

Question 22

What is the term for an imbalance in the body's water content?

Accepted Answer

Fluid imbalance

Answer

Acid-base imbalance

Answer

Electrolyte imbalance

Question 23

What is the most common cause of fluid and electrolyte imbalances in healthcare settings?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous fluid administration

Answer

Blood transfusions

Answer

Dialysis

Answer

Medications