Web Security: Protect Your Website from Threats

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a common web security threat?

Accepted Answer

Spam

Answer

Cross-site scripting

Answer

SQL injection

Answer

Phishing

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of an SSL certificate?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt data transmitted over the web

Answer

To prevent cross-site scripting

Answer

To block unauthorized access to websites

Answer

To detect and prevent malware

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a web developer?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining server infrastructure

Answer

Ensuring website security

Answer

Creating visually appealing layouts

Answer

Conducting user testing

Question 4

What is the key difference between a packet filter and a stateful inspection firewall?

Accepted Answer

Packet filtering examines individual packets, while stateful inspection examines the entire session

Answer

Stateful inspection is more efficient than packet filtering

Answer

Packet filtering is more effective against denial-of-service attacks

Answer

There is no difference between the two

Question 5

What is the most effective way to prevent SQL injection attacks?

Accepted Answer

Input validation

Answer

Cross-site scripting protection

Answer

Firewall

Question 6

What is the main purpose of an SSL certificate?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt data sent between a browser and a website

Answer

To prevent cross-site scripting attacks

Answer

To protect against SQL injection

Answer

To provide a firewall for the website

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a type of ethical consideration in web development?

Accepted Answer

Profitability

Answer

Accessibility

Answer

Privacy

Answer

Usability

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To block unauthorized access to a network

Answer

To detect and remove malware

Answer

To encrypt data

Answer

To protect against cross-site scripting attacks

Question 9

Which of the following is a common technique used to prevent SQL injection attacks?

Accepted Answer

Input validation

Answer

Hashing

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Authentication

Question 10

What is the principle of least privilege?

Accepted Answer

Users should only have the minimum level of access necessary to perform their tasks

Answer

Data should be encrypted at all times

Answer

Firewalls should be implemented on every network

Answer

Access logs should be monitored regularly

Question 11

What is the primary purpose of a web application firewall (WAF)?

Accepted Answer

To filter out malicious traffic

Answer

To protect against DDoS attacks

Answer

To prevent data breaches

Answer

To monitor user activity

Question 12

Distinguish between reflected and stored cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.

Accepted Answer

Reflected XSS attacks occur immediately, while stored XSS attacks occur later.

Answer

Reflected XSS attacks target server-side vulnerabilities, while stored XSS attacks target client-side vulnerabilities.

Answer

Stored XSS attacks are always more severe than reflected XSS attacks.

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of an SSL certificate?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt data transmitted between a website and a user's browser

Answer

To prevent cross-site scripting attacks

Answer

To detect and block malicious software (malware)

Answer

To provide authentication for users

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a best practice for preventing cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks?

Accepted Answer

Use of open-source scripts

Answer

Input validation

Answer

Output encoding

Answer

Regular security audits

Question 15

What is the difference between a firewall and an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

Firewalls prevent unauthorized access, while IDS detect and respond to attacks

Answer

IDS prevent unauthorized access, while firewalls detect and respond to attacks

Answer

Firewalls and IDS perform the same function and are used interchangeably

Answer

IDS are only used in network environments, while firewalls are used in both network and host environments

Question 16

What is the purpose of input validation in web security?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that user input meets specific criteria and does not contain malicious characters

Answer

To encrypt user input for secure storage

Answer

To identify and block known vulnerabilities and malicious code

Answer

To prevent denial-of-service (DoS) attacks

Question 17

Which of the following is a key responsibility of a penetration tester?

Accepted Answer

Identifying vulnerabilities and weaknesses in a web application

Answer

Designing and implementing security measures and solutions

Answer

Monitoring and analyzing security logs

Answer

Training users on web security best practices

Question 18

What is the primary purpose of a content management system (CMS) from a web security perspective?

Accepted Answer

To simplify website maintenance, updates, and content management while maintaining security

Answer

To enforce security policies, prevent unauthorized access, and protect website content

Answer

To detect and block malicious code and attacks

Answer

To provide built-in encryption for all website data and content

Question 19

What is the most effective security measure to prevent cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks?

Accepted Answer

Input validation

Answer

SSL certificates

Answer

Firewalls

Answer

Antivirus software

Question 20

Which action injects malicious code, typically in the form of client-side scripts, into a web application during a web request?

Accepted Answer

Cross-site scripting

Answer

SQL injection

Answer

Buffer overflow

Answer

Password brute force

Question 21

Which measure is ineffective in safeguarding a website from unauthorized access?

Accepted Answer

HTML encoding

Answer

SSL certificate

Answer

Intrusion detection system

Answer

Firewall

Question 22

In web development, what ethical consideration should be of paramount importance?

Accepted Answer

Respecting user privacy

Answer

Adhering to web accessibility guidelines

Answer

Avoiding copyrighted content

Answer

Preventing spam

Question 23

Which subtype of malware spreads autonomously, exploiting network vulnerabilities to infect other computers?

Accepted Answer

Worm

Answer

Virus

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Trojan horse

Question 24

Which practice is recommended for creating robust passwords?

Accepted Answer

Using a combination of uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols

Answer

Reusing the same password for multiple accounts

Answer

Writing down passwords for easy access

Question 25

Differentiate between a virus and a worm:

Accepted Answer

Viruses require a host program to execute, while worms can propagate independently

Answer

Worms are inherently more damaging than viruses

Answer

Viruses primarily spread via email attachments, unlike worms

Question 26

Phishing attacks commonly manifest in which form?

Accepted Answer

An email seemingly from a legitimate organization containing malicious links

Answer

A pop-up advertisement offering exclusive deals

Answer

A phone call claiming to be from an official institution

Question 27

What is the intended purpose of cross-site scripting (XSS) prevention measures?

Accepted Answer

Preventing attackers from injecting malicious scripts into a web application

Answer

Detecting and removing malicious software

Answer

Restricting user access to specific content

Question 28

What is a key advantage of using an SSL certificate on a website?

Accepted Answer

Encrypting data transmitted between the website and the user's browser

Answer

Boosting website visibility in search engine results

Answer

Improving website responsiveness on mobile devices

Question 29

What is the primary function of a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificate?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt data transmitted over the web

Answer

To restrict unauthorized website access

Answer

To monitor website activity

Answer

To prevent cross-site scripting

Question 30

Which of these is a crucial ethical consideration in web development?

Accepted Answer

Privacy and data protection

Answer

Aesthetics

Answer

Usability

Answer

Functionality

Question 31

Differentiate between a firewall and an intrusion detection system (IDS).

Accepted Answer

A firewall blocks unauthorized access while an IDS detects and alerts on suspicious activities.

Answer

Firewalls and IDS both block unauthorized access.

Answer

Firewalls and IDS both detect and alert on suspicious activities.

Question 32

What is the purpose of employing a content delivery network (CDN)?

Accepted Answer

To enhance website performance by distributing content across multiple servers

Answer

To safeguard websites from denial-of-service attacks

Answer

To monitor website traffic

Question 33

What is the World Wide Web Consortium's (W3C) role in web security?

Accepted Answer

Developing and maintaining web security standards

Answer

Certifying web security professionals

Answer

Enforcing web security regulations

Answer

Providing training on web security

Question 34

What is an advantage of using a web application firewall (WAF)?

Accepted Answer

It can block malicious traffic in real-time

Answer

It can monitor website traffic

Answer

It can improve website performance

Question 35

What is the purpose of a honeypot in the context of web security?

Accepted Answer

To attract and mislead attackers

Answer

To monitor website traffic

Answer

To improve website performance

Answer

To block malicious traffic

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a common web security threat?

Accepted Answer

Data loss is not a common web security threat

Answer

SQL injection is a common web security threat

Answer

Malware is a common web security threat

Answer

Cross-site scripting is a common web security threat

Question 37

Which type of security certificate encrypts the data being transmitted between a client and a server?

Accepted Answer

SSL certificates encrypt data transmitted between a client and a server

Answer

TLS certificates are used to secure web servers

Answer

CRT certificates are used for code signing

Answer

PEM certificates are used to store private keys

Question 38

What is the purpose of a firewall in web security?

Accepted Answer

Firewalls prevent unauthorized access to a network or website

Answer

Firewalls detect and remove malware

Answer

Firewalls encrypt data

Question 39

What is cross-site scripting (XSS) and how can it be prevented?

Accepted Answer

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of attack that allows malicious code to be injected into a website and can be prevented by input validation and output encoding

Answer

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of malware that targets websites and can be prevented by antivirus software

Question 40

Which of the following is a best practice for password security?

Accepted Answer

Use a strong password with a combination of uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols

Answer

Store passwords in a plain text file

Answer

Use the same password for all accounts

Question 41

What is SQL injection and how can it be prevented?

Accepted Answer

SQL injection allows malicious SQL queries to be executed on a database and can be prevented by using prepared statements and parameterized queries

Answer

SQL injection is a type of cross-site scripting attack and can be prevented by input validation

Question 42

What is the role of security testing in web development?

Accepted Answer

Security testing identifies and fixes vulnerabilities before a website is deployed

Answer

Security testing develops security patches for web applications

Answer

Security testing monitors a website for security breaches

Question 43

What is the primary purpose of an SSL certificate?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt data transmitted between a web server and a browser

Answer

To prevent SQL injection

Answer

To protect against cross-site scripting attacks

Question 44

Which of the following is a primary best practice for preventing cross-site scripting attacks?

Accepted Answer

Input validation

Answer

Disabling JavaScript

Answer

Using CAPTCHAs

Answer

Blocking all external scripts

Question 45

What is the ethical consideration in web development that requires developers to obtain informed consent before collecting user data?

Accepted Answer

Privacy

Answer

Accessibility

Answer

Security

Question 46

What is a primary purpose of using a content delivery network (CDN)?

Accepted Answer

To improve website performance and availability

Answer

To protect against DDoS attacks

Answer

To encrypt user data

Answer

To block malicious traffic

Question 47

What is the main function of a web application firewall (WAF)?

Accepted Answer

To filter and block malicious traffic

Answer

To block access to unauthorized users

Answer

To encrypt data transmitted between a web server and a browser

Answer

To prevent cross-site scripting attacks

Question 48

Which of the following is an example of a common web security vulnerability?

Accepted Answer

Buffer overflow

Answer

Strong password

Answer

Software update

Answer

Anti-virus protection

Question 49

What is the purpose of the OWASP Top 10 in web security?

Accepted Answer

To provide a list of the most critical web security vulnerabilities

Answer

To develop security standards for web applications

Answer

To provide training for web developers on security best practices

Question 50

What is the primary purpose of an SSL certificate?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt data transmitted between a website and a user

Answer

To detect and prevent cross-site scripting attacks

Answer

To block phishing attempts

Question 51

In web development, which ethical consideration pertains to user privacy?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent before collecting user data

Answer

Abstaining from the use of cookies and tracking technologies

Answer

Using concise language in website terms and conditions

Answer

Designing websites that comply with accessibility standards

Question 52

What is the fundamental distinction between a firewall and an intrusion detection system?

Accepted Answer

A firewall prevents unauthorized network traffic, while an intrusion detection system monitors for suspicious activity and raises alerts

Answer

Firewalls utilize hardware, whereas intrusion detection systems are software-based