Macronutrients and Micronutrients for Athletes: A Comprehensive Guide

Question 1

Which of the following is **not** a primary macronutrient for athletes?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 2

Which type of carbohydrate is the body's preferred energy source during **high-intensity** exercise?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharides

Answer

Fibers

Answer

Starch

Answer

Disaccharides

Question 3

Which of the following is considered a **complete** protein, containing all the essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Soy protein

Answer

Gelatin

Answer

Collagen

Answer

Zein

Question 4

Which type of fat should be **limited** in an athlete's diet due to its negative health implications?

Accepted Answer

Trans fats

Answer

Monounsaturated fats

Answer

Polyunsaturated fats

Answer

Saturated fats

Question 5

Which vitamin is essential for the production of **red blood cells**?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 6

Which mineral plays a crucial role in **muscle function** and nerve impulses?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Sodium

Question 7

What is the primary function of **electrolytes** in the body?

Accepted Answer

Fluid balance and nerve transmission

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Hormone regulation

Answer

Tissue repair

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary macronutrient essential for supporting sport performance?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 9

Which type of carbohydrate serves as the primary energy source for the body, particularly during high-intensity exercise?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Starch

Answer

Fiber

Answer

Fructose

Question 10

Which protein source is known for providing all essential amino acids, making it a 'complete' protein?

Accepted Answer

Whey protein

Answer

Soy protein

Answer

Beans

Answer

Brown rice

Question 11

Which vitamin plays a crucial role in the absorption and metabolism of calcium?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin E

Question 12

Which mineral is involved in oxygen transport throughout the body and is essential for red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Calcium

Question 13

Which micronutrient acts as an antioxidant, protecting the body from damage caused by free radicals?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Magnesium

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Question 14

What is a potential health consequence associated with excessive protein intake?

Accepted Answer

Kidney damage

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Dehydration

Answer

Muscle weakness

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT considered a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 16

Carbohydrates are primarily utilized in the body for what purpose?

Accepted Answer

Energy production

Answer

Building muscle tissue

Answer

Maintaining bone health

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of water-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Can be easily excreted in urine

Answer

Stored in the body for long periods

Answer

Require fat for absorption

Answer

Toxic in high doses

Question 18

Iron, an essential mineral, plays a crucial role in:

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen

Answer

Clotting blood

Answer

Producing energy

Answer

Developing bones

Question 19

When an athlete consumes excess carbohydrates, the body primarily stores the extra as:

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Answer

Amino acids

Question 20

Which macronutrient is the primary energy source during high-intensity exercise?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Answer

Muscle growth and repair

Answer

Hormone production

Question 22

Which fatty acid is an essential nutrient and a precursor for prostaglandin synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Linoleic acid

Answer

Palmitic acid

Answer

Arachidonic acid

Question 23

Which vitamin is crucial for calcium absorption and bone health?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin E

Question 24

Which mineral is essential for maintaining fluid balance and muscle function?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Zinc

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a good source of complex carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

White bread

Answer

Brown rice

Answer

Whole-wheat pasta

Answer

Oatmeal

Question 26

Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Answer

Beriberi

Answer

Night blindness

Answer

Scurvy

Question 27

What is the best approach to ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Consume a balanced diet with a variety of food groups

Answer

Focus exclusively on organic foods

Answer

Take dietary supplements