Biodiversity and Ecosystems: Dive into the Variety of Life and Its Environments

Question 1

Which of these actions is NOT a strategy for protecting biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Introducing non-native species to control pests

Answer

Protecting and restoring habitats

Answer

Promoting sustainable farming practices

Question 2

Biodiversity refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Variety of life forms on Earth

Answer

Abundance of a particular species in an ecosystem

Answer

Stability of an ecosystem over time

Answer

Presence of pollution in an environment

Question 3

The complex network of interactions between living organisms and their physical environment is known as a/an:

Accepted Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Biosphere

Answer

Community

Answer

Population

Question 4

Biodiversity provides a wide range of benefits. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Increased pollution levels

Answer

Provision of food and resources

Answer

Regulation of climate and water cycles

Answer

Support for human health

Question 5

Species that have a significant impact on the stability of an ecosystem are called:

Accepted Answer

Keystone species

Answer

Indicator species

Answer

Threatened species

Answer

Endemic species

Question 6

A relationship between two species where both benefit is called:

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Answer

Predation

Answer

Parasitism

Answer

Competition

Question 7

The process by which ecosystems recover from disturbances, such as natural disasters, is called:

Accepted Answer

Succession

Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Evolution

Answer

Competition

Question 8

Organisms occupying the same ecological niche within an ecosystem form a:

Accepted Answer

Guild

Answer

Community

Answer

Population

Answer

Biome

Question 9

How do keystone species contribute to the stability of ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

They have a disproportionately large impact relative to their population size.

Answer

They directly determine the abundance of all other species.

Answer

They are always the most abundant species.

Answer

They are found only at the top of the food chain.

Question 10

Ecosystem services are the advantages humans gain from ecosystems. Which of the following is **NOT** an ecosystem service?

Accepted Answer

Cutting down trees

Answer

Providing food

Answer

Controlling Earth's climate

Answer

Cleaning water sources

Question 11

Which of the following categories of biodiversity relates to the variety of roles and functions played by different species within an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Functional diversity

Answer

Genetic diversity

Answer

Species diversity

Answer

Cultural diversity

Question 12

What is the term that describes the community of living organisms interacting with their physical surroundings?

Accepted Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Habitat

Answer

Community

Answer

Biome

Question 13

What is the term for a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area?

Accepted Answer

Population

Answer

Community

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Biome

Question 14

What serves as the primary source of energy for the majority of ecosystems on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Sunlight

Answer

Wind

Answer

Heat from the Earth's core

Answer

Tidal forces

Question 15

Which human activity is a major contributor to the decline in biodiversity and disruption of ecosystems worldwide?

Accepted Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Sustainable agricultural practices

Answer

Wildlife conservation efforts

Answer

Renewable energy development

Question 16

How can the interconnectedness of species in an ecosystem lead to a series of changes when one species is removed or disrupted?

Accepted Answer

The loss of one species can cause a chain reaction, affecting other species that depend on it for food, shelter, or pollination.

Answer

The loss of one species has no impact on an ecosystem because each species has a unique role.

Answer

The loss of one species can lead to the extinction of all species in an ecosystem.

Answer

The loss of one species can have positive effects on an ecosystem by creating opportunities for other species to thrive.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a major factor contributing to biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Anthropogenic diversity

Answer

Genetic diversity

Answer

Species diversity

Answer

Ecosystem diversity

Question 18

What is the term used to describe the intricate web of interconnected relationships between organisms in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Ecological community

Answer

Food chain

Answer

Trophic levels

Answer

Biodiversity

Question 19

Which of the following species plays a disproportionately large role in maintaining the balance of an ecosystem, despite its relatively small population size?

Accepted Answer

Sea otter

Answer

Polar bear

Answer

Blue whale

Answer

Elephant

Question 20

What is the primary human activity responsible for the significant loss of natural habitats worldwide?

Accepted Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Pollution

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Overpopulation

Question 21

Which type of relationship between species involves both partners benefiting from the association?

Accepted Answer

Symbiosis

Answer

Predation

Answer

Competition

Answer

Parasitism

Question 22

What is the term used to describe the transitional zone where two different ecosystems meet and overlap?

Accepted Answer

Ecotone

Answer

Biosphere

Answer

Habitat

Answer

Biome

Question 23

What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

To break down dead plants and animals

Answer

To produce oxygen

Answer

To consume herbivores

Answer

To regulate temperature

Question 24

What is the difference between a habitat and a niche?

Accepted Answer

Habitat is where a species lives, while niche is its role in the ecosystem

Answer

Habitat is where a species reproduces, while niche is where it feeds

Answer

Niche is where a species lives, while habitat is its role in the ecosystem

Answer

Niche is where a species reproduces, while habitat is where it feeds

Question 25

Which of the following is an example of a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit?

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Answer

Predator-prey relationship

Answer

Commensalism

Answer

Parasitism

Question 26

How does species diversity affect ecosystem stability?

Accepted Answer

Higher species diversity leads to increased resilience to environmental disturbances

Answer

Higher species diversity decreases the availability of resources for individual species

Answer

Species diversity has no impact on ecosystem stability

Answer

Lower species diversity leads to decreased competition between species

Question 27

Which of the following is a primary cause of habitat loss?

Accepted Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Pollution

Answer

Invasive species

Question 28

Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?

Accepted Answer

Sea otter

Answer

Blue whale

Answer

African elephant

Answer

Honeybee

Question 29

What is the main process by which plants absorb nutrients from the soil?

Accepted Answer

Absorption

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Transpiration

Question 30

Which of the following is a biotic factor that affects ecosystem structure and function?

Accepted Answer

Competition

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Rainfall

Answer

Soil pH

Question 31

What is the term for a group of organisms of the same species that live together in a defined area?

Accepted Answer

Population

Answer

Community

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Biome

Question 32

What is the main threat to global biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Habitat loss and fragmentation

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Invasive species

Answer

Overexploitation

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a measure of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Physical characteristics of the environment

Answer

Number of species in an ecosystem

Answer

Genetic diversity within a species

Answer

Distribution and abundance of species

Question 34

Which term describes the variety of different habitats found within an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Habitat heterogeneity

Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Ecosystem diversity

Answer

Species richness

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Diminished food security

Answer

Enhanced ecosystem resilience

Answer

Reduced susceptibility to disease outbreaks

Answer

Improved air and water quality

Question 36

What process involves the formation of new species over time?

Accepted Answer

Speciation

Answer

Extinction

Answer

Evolution

Answer

Natural selection

Question 37

What term describes a relationship where one species benefits while the other is unaffected?

Accepted Answer

Commensalism

Answer

Mutualism

Answer

Parasitism

Answer

Competition

Question 38

Which ecological index effectively quantifies both the richness and evenness of species within a community?

Accepted Answer

Shannon-Weiner Index

Answer

Simpson's Index

Answer

Margalef's Index

Answer

Chao1 Estimator

Question 39

Which type of ecosystem is characterized by tall trees, abundant sunlight reaching the ground, and a diverse understory?

Accepted Answer

Deciduous forest

Answer

Grassland

Answer

Tundra

Answer

Ocean

Question 40

The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy for their growth is known as:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 41

Which of the following organisms is considered a keystone species?

Accepted Answer

Wolves in a forest ecosystem

Answer

Dandelions in a meadow

Answer

Bacteria in the human gut

Answer

Mosquitoes in a wetland

Question 42

The study of the interactions between living organisms and their physical and chemical environment is known as:

Accepted Answer

Ecology

Answer

Meteorology

Answer

Geology

Answer

Astronomy

Question 43

What characteristic is essential for an ecosystem's resilience, allowing it to recover from disturbances?

Accepted Answer

High variety of species

Answer

Dominance of one species

Answer

Low competition between species

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a primary factor contributing to biodiversity loss?

Accepted Answer

Increased ecosystem productivity

Answer

Pollution

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Habitat destruction

Question 45

Biodiversity can be measured at various levels. Which level refers to the variety of different species found within a specific geographic region?

Accepted Answer

Species diversity

Answer

Ecosystem diversity

Answer

Genetic diversity

Answer

Functional diversity

Question 46

Which type of ecosystem supports the richest variety of species and the most complex food webs?

Accepted Answer

Tropical rainforest

Answer

Temperate forest

Answer

Tundra

Answer

Ocean

Question 47

What term describes the interconnectedness and interdependence of organisms within ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Ecological relationships

Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Ecosystem structure

Answer

Environmental factors

Question 48

Which process is essential for recycling nutrients and providing energy within ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Question 49

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement aimed at:

Accepted Answer

Protecting endangered species and regulating wildlife trade

Answer

Reducing pollution

Answer

Combating climate change

Question 50

Ecosystem services refer to:

Accepted Answer

The benefits humans derive from healthy ecosystems

Answer

The number of different species in an ecosystem

Answer

The interconnected relationships among organisms

Question 51

Protected areas, such as national parks and wildlife refuges, are primarily established to:

Accepted Answer

Preserve biodiversity and provide wildlife habitat

Answer

Control pollution

Answer

Generate revenue through tourism