Master Sampling Techniques in Educational Research: A Comprehensive Guide

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of sampling in educational research?

Accepted Answer

Convenience

Answer

Representativeness

Answer

Generalizability

Answer

Reliability

Question 2

What is the primary goal of employing stratified sampling in educational research?

Accepted Answer

To ensure representation of distinct subgroups within the population of interest

Answer

To minimize sampling error

Answer

To simplify the data collection process

Answer

To increase the sample size

Question 3

Which sampling method is most likely to produce a biased sample?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 4

What is the fundamental difference between probability sampling and non-probability sampling in educational research?

Accepted Answer

Probability sampling involves random selection, while non-probability sampling does not.

Answer

Non-probability sampling is more representative than probability sampling.

Answer

Probability sampling is less biased than non-probability sampling.

Answer

There is no distinction between probability and non-probability sampling.

Question 5

Which of the following sampling methods is an example of a non-probability sampling technique in educational research?

Accepted Answer

Quota sampling

Answer

Random sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 6

In educational research, which principle emphasizes that the sample should accurately reflect the characteristics of the larger population it represents?

Accepted Answer

Representativeness

Answer

Randomization

Answer

Convenience

Answer

Accuracy

Question 7

Which sampling technique involves selecting participants randomly from a list of all individuals in the population?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Stratified random sampling

Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of stratified random sampling?

Accepted Answer

To ensure subgroups within the population are represented proportionally

Answer

To minimize sampling error

Answer

To increase the generalizability of findings

Answer

To simplify data analysis

Question 9

Which sampling technique is most cost-effective and convenient when dealing with large or geographically dispersed populations?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Answer

Purposive sampling

Question 10

Which sampling technique is used when it is difficult to obtain a complete list of the population?

Accepted Answer

Snowball sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Answer

Purposive sampling

Answer

Judgment sampling

Question 11

Which ethical concern is associated with purposive sampling?

Accepted Answer

Potential for selection bias

Answer

Limited generalizability of findings

Answer

Issues with informed consent

Answer

Confidentiality concerns

Question 12

Which of the following is not considered a potential source of sampling bias?

Accepted Answer

Natural variation in the data gathered

Answer

Inadequate representation of specific subgroups within the population

Answer

Sampling from a non-random source

Answer

Employing a sampling method unsuitable for the research question

Question 13

What fundamental distinction separates probability sampling from non-probability sampling?

Accepted Answer

Probability sampling allows for generalizations to the population, while non-probability sampling does not.

Answer

Non-probability sampling is typically more efficient and cost-effective than probability sampling.

Answer

Probability sampling always yields more precise results than non-probability sampling.

Answer

Probability sampling requires a comprehensive list of the population, whereas non-probability sampling does not.

Question 14

In research requiring precise estimations of population parameters, which sampling method is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Convenience sampling

Question 15

What is the primary advantage of using stratified sampling?

Accepted Answer

It ensures fair representation of different subgroups within the population in the sample.

Answer

It simplifies the data collection process.

Answer

It reduces sampling error.

Answer

It enhances the generalizability of the research findings.

Question 16

In educational research, what is the primary role of random sampling?

Accepted Answer

Eliminating sampling bias

Answer

Ensuring the representativeness of the sample

Answer

Enhancing the reliability of the research findings

Answer

Reducing the cost of data collection

Question 17

Which sampling method involves choosing every nth subject from an ordered list?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 18

For populations with subgroups having distinct characteristics and varying proportions, which sampling technique is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Random sampling

Question 19

What is the primary aim of determining sample size in research?

Accepted Answer

To ensure the sample adequately represents the population and produces statistically meaningful results

Answer

To minimize research expenses

Answer

To make data collection more efficient

Question 20

When selecting subjects who are readily available or eager to participate, which sampling bias arises?

Accepted Answer

Convenience bias

Answer

Response bias

Answer

Non-response bias

Answer

Selection bias

Question 21

Which sampling method is most likely to produce a representative sample of the population?

Accepted Answer

Probability sampling

Answer

Non-probability sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Answer

Convenience sampling

Question 22

Which sampling technique involves dividing the population into layers and randomly selecting subjects from each layer?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Convenience sampling

Question 23

Which sampling method involves selecting a group of subjects from a specific geographical area?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Random sampling

Answer

Quota sampling

Question 24

What is the main advantage of probability sampling?

Accepted Answer

Allows for statistical inferences about the population

Answer

Minimizes costs

Answer

Reduces time and effort

Question 25

Which type of bias occurs when researchers influence respondents' answers through the wording or manner of questioning?

Accepted Answer

Response bias

Answer

Non-response bias

Answer

Convenience bias

Answer

Selection bias