Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Structure, Properties, and Reactions

Question 1

Provide the IUPAC name for the cycloalkane with the molecular formula C8H16.

Accepted Answer

Cyclooctane

Answer

Cycloheptane

Answer

Cyclohexane

Answer

Cyclopentane

Question 2

Which conformation of cyclohexane is the most stable?

Accepted Answer

Chair

Answer

Boat

Answer

Twist-boat

Answer

Half-chair

Question 3

What type of reaction would you use to convert an alkane to an alkene?

Accepted Answer

Elimination

Answer

Addition

Answer

Substitution

Answer

Rearrangement

Question 4

Which of the following reactions correctly represents the combustion of an alkane?

Accepted Answer

C2H6 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O

Answer

C2H6 + 5O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

Answer

C2H6 + 2O2 → 2CO + 3H2O

Answer

C2H6 + 1O2 → 2CO + H2O

Question 5

Which statement about the physical properties of alkanes is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes have relatively high boiling points.

Answer

Alkanes are highly polar molecules.

Answer

Alkanes are soluble in water.

Answer

Alkanes are denser than water.

Question 6

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

(CH3)3C-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3

Accepted Answer

2,2-dimethyl-3-ethylpentane

Answer

3,3-dimethyl-2-ethylpentane

Answer

2,3-dimethyl-3-ethylpentane

Answer

3,4-dimethyl-2-ethylpentane

Question 7

Which of the following reactions exemplifies a free radical substitution?

Accepted Answer

CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl

Answer

C2H4 + H2 → C2H6

Answer

CH3OH + NaOH → CH3ONa + H2O

Answer

CH3COOH + CH3OH → CH3COOCH3 + H2O

Question 8

Which of the following is the name of the compound with the molecular formula CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3 according to IUPAC nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

2-Methylbutane

Answer

2-Ethylpropane

Answer

3-Methylpentane

Answer

2,2-Dimethylpropane

Question 9

What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in a cyclohexane molecule?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 10

What is the most stable conformation of cyclohexane?

Accepted Answer

Chair

Answer

Boat

Answer

Half-chair

Answer

Twist-boat

Question 11

Which of the following cycloalkanes has the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

Cyclodecane

Answer

Cyclopropane

Answer

Cyclohexane

Answer

Cyclooctane

Question 12

What is the name of the process by which alkanes react with oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation

Answer

Pyrolysis

Answer

Hydrogenation

Answer

Dehydration

Question 13

The IUPAC name for the hydrocarbon with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 is:

Accepted Answer

2-methylbutane

Answer

isobutane

Answer

2-methyl-2-propanol

Answer

2-ethylpropane

Question 14

As the number of carbon atoms in an alkane increases, its boiling point:

Accepted Answer

Increases

Answer

Decreases

Answer

Remains constant

Answer

Is inversely proportional

Question 15

The IUPAC name for the cycloalkane with the structure CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2 is:

Accepted Answer

Cyclohexane

Answer

Cyclopentane

Answer

Hexane

Answer

Pentane

Question 16

Alkanes are characterized as:

Accepted Answer

Saturated hydrocarbons

Answer

Containing a benzene ring

Answer

Highly reactive

Answer

Insoluble in organic solvents

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the hydrocarbon shown below?

CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3

Accepted Answer

2-methylpentane

Answer

3-methylpentane

Answer

4-methylpentane

Answer

2-ethylbutane

Question 18

What is the hybridization state of the carbon atoms in a cycloalkane?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d2

Question 19

Which of the following cycloalkanes is the most stable?

Accepted Answer

Cyclohexane

Answer

Cyclopropane

Answer

Cyclobutane

Answer

Cyclopentane

Question 20

Which of the following is a branched alkane?

Accepted Answer

2-methylpropane

Answer

Butane

Answer

Pentane

Answer

Ethane

Question 21

Which of the following compounds is an isomer of pentane?

Accepted Answer

2-methylbutane

Answer

Hexane

Answer

Propane

Answer

Ethane

Question 22

Which of the following alkanes has the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

Heptane

Answer

Butane

Answer

Pentane

Answer

Hexane

Question 23

Which conformation of butane is the most stable?

Accepted Answer

Staggered conformation

Answer

Eclipsed conformation

Answer

Newman projection

Answer

Fischer projection

Question 24

What is the correct IUPAC name for the cyclic hydrocarbon shown below?

[Image of a cyclohexane ring]

Accepted Answer

Cyclohexane

Answer

Benzene

Answer

Cyclopentane

Answer

Cycloheptane

Question 25

Which of the following is a characteristic physical property of cycloalkanes?

Accepted Answer

High boiling points

Answer

Low viscosity

Answer

Good electrical conductivity

Answer

High reactivity

Question 26

What type of hybridization do the carbon atoms in a cyclohexane ring possess?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 27

Which of the following hydrocarbon structures represents a branched alkane?

Accepted Answer

2-Methylpropane

Answer

Butane

Answer

Pentane

Answer

Cyclohexane