Mastering Endocrine Disorders Management: Quizzes for Medical-Surgical Nursing II

Question 1

Identify the primary treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus:

Accepted Answer

Injections of insulin (insulin therapy)

Answer

Medications taken orally (oral hypoglycemic agents)

Answer

Changes in diet and exercise (lifestyle modifications)

Answer

Weight-loss surgery (bariatric surgery)

Question 2

Which medication is commonly used to manage hyperparathyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Cinacalcet

Answer

Metformin (used for diabetes)

Answer

Levothyroxine (used for hypothyroidism)

Answer

Glucagon (used to treat hypoglycemia)

Question 3

Indicate the key nursing intervention for a patient with Cushing's syndrome:

Accepted Answer

Promoting adequate fluid intake

Answer

Observing for signs of infection

Answer

Administering anti-inflammatory medications

Answer

Limiting salt intake

Question 4

Select the sign associated with Addison's disease:

Accepted Answer

Darkening of the skin (hyperpigmentation)

Answer

High blood pressure (hypertension)

Answer

Rapid heart rate (tachycardia)

Answer

Weight gain

Question 5

Identify the most common type of thyroid cancer:

Accepted Answer

Papillary thyroid cancer

Answer

Medullary thyroid cancer

Answer

Anaplastic thyroid cancer

Answer

Follicular thyroid cancer

Question 6

Identify the primary nursing goal when caring for a patient with diabetes insipidus:

Accepted Answer

Maintaining balance of body fluids

Answer

Preventing infections

Answer

Managing pain

Answer

Protecting skin integrity

Question 7

For patients with an enlarged thyroid gland, which surgical procedure is typically indicated?

Accepted Answer

Thyroidectomy

Answer

Parathyroidectomy

Answer

Adrenalectomy

Answer

Splenectomy

Question 8

Which hormone plays a primary role in regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 9

For treating hypothyroidism, which medication is commonly used?

Accepted Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Liothyronine

Answer

Methimazole

Answer

Propylthiouracil

Question 10

What is the primary function of the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Hormone production and secretion

Answer

Regulation of metabolism

Answer

Immune system function

Answer

Reproductive function

Question 11

Which of the following is the primary goal of diabetes management?

Accepted Answer

Achieving a HbA1C level below 6.5%

Answer

Using insulin therapy exclusively for type 1 diabetes

Answer

Minimizing the importance of lifestyle modifications

Answer

Limiting surgical options to pancreas transplantation

Question 12

Which of the following is a common and early clinical manifestation of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain, particularly in the face and trunk

Answer

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar levels

Answer

Muscle atrophy, or wasting

Answer

Polyuria, or excessive urination

Question 13

A patient is diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. Which symptom is a common characteristic of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain concentrated around the abdomen

Answer

Low blood sugar

Answer

Excessive urination and thirst

Question 14

Which medication is used to treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting the production of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Propylthiouracil

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Insulin

Question 15

Which surgical intervention is primarily used to treat Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Adrenalectomy

Answer

Thyroidectomy

Answer

Pituitary surgery

Answer

Pancreatectomy

Question 16

Which of the following symptoms is a hallmark of Grave's disease, an autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Exophthalmos

Answer

Myxedema

Answer

Delayed wound healing

Answer

Bradycardia

Question 17

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with metformin therapy, a medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acidosis

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Weight gain

Question 18

In the management of endocrine disorders, which ethical principle is paramount?

Accepted Answer

Respecting the patient's right to make decisions about their care

Answer

Preserving the patient's life regardless of their wishes

Answer

Prioritizing comfort measures over all other considerations

Question 19

How can cultural factors impact the presentation, diagnosis, and management of endocrine disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cultural factors can influence the presentation, diagnosis, and management of endocrine disorders.

Answer

Cultural factors have no influence on endocrine disorders.

Answer

Cultural factors mainly affect the presentation of endocrine disorders.

Answer

Cultural factors only affect the management of endocrine disorders.

Question 20

In the case of an adrenal crisis experienced by a patient with Addison's disease, which nursing intervention is most critical?

Accepted Answer

Immediate administration of hydrocortisone.

Answer

Close monitoring of the patient's vital signs.

Answer

Insertion of an intravenous line.

Answer

Elevation of the patient's legs.

Question 21

Which surgical procedure is employed to treat Cushing's disease?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary surgery

Answer

Adrenalectomy

Answer

Thyroidectomy

Answer

Laparoscopic surgery

Question 22

For a patient experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis, which laboratory finding is most concerning?

Accepted Answer

Low pH levels

Answer

Elevated blood glucose levels

Answer

Presence of ketones in urine

Answer

High hemoglobin A1c levels

Question 23

Which of the following is a common symptom of hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Thinning hair and dry skin

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Heat intolerance

Question 24

The primary purpose of insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes is to:

Accepted Answer

Control blood glucose levels

Answer

Prevent diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Boost the immune system

Answer

Cure the disease

Question 25

Which of the following lifestyle modifications is recommended for patients with hyperparathyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Limiting calcium intake and increasing phosphate intake

Answer

Increasing vitamin D intake

Answer

Avoiding caffeine

Answer

Regular exercise

Question 26

Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Ketoconazole

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Eflornithine

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 27

The surgical removal of the thyroid gland is known as:

Accepted Answer

Thyroidectomy

Answer

Adrenalectomy

Answer

Pancreatectomy

Answer

Nephrectomy

Question 28

The release of insulin from the pancreas is stimulated by:

Accepted Answer

High blood glucose levels

Answer

Low blood glucose levels

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Somatostatin

Question 29

Prior to radioiodine therapy for Graves' disease, which nursing intervention is essential?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent from the patient

Answer

Administering anti-thyroid medications

Answer

Instructing the patient to fast for 24 hours

Answer

Advising the patient to consume iodine supplements

Question 30

Which of the following is a potential complication associated with parathyroid surgery?

Accepted Answer

Hypocalcemia

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Thyrotoxicosis

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 31

The primary objective of medical management for Cushing's syndrome is to:

Accepted Answer

Lower cortisol levels

Answer

Stimulate ACTH production

Answer

Suppress adrenal function

Answer

Prevent adrenal crisis

Question 32

When a patient with pheochromocytoma experiences a hypertensive episode, which nursing action is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Administering phentolamine as prescribed

Answer

Providing oxygen via nasal cannula

Answer

Elevating the patient's lower extremities

Answer

Monitoring blood pressure every 15 minutes

Question 33

Which condition is a contraindication for performing radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) testing?

Accepted Answer

Pregnancy

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Recent thyroid surgery

Answer

History of thyroid cancer

Question 34

Metformin is an oral medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. Which of the following describes its mechanism of action?

Accepted Answer

Increases insulin sensitivity

Answer

Stimulates insulin secretion

Answer

Inhibits glucagon secretion

Answer

Enhances glucose uptake

Question 35

A patient with Cushing's syndrome presents with fatigue, muscle weakness, and weight gain. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Monitor the patient's blood pressure and blood glucose levels

Answer

Encourage the patient to exercise regularly

Answer

Provide the patient with a high-calorie, high-fat diet

Answer

Administer corticosteroids as prescribed

Question 36

Hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Decreased serum calcium levels

Answer

Increased serum calcium levels

Answer

Increased serum phosphate levels

Answer

Decreased serum phosphate levels

Question 37

A patient with Addison's disease requires immediate medical attention if they experience:

Accepted Answer

Addisonian crisis

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hyperglycemia

Question 38

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Adrenal hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 39

Lifestyle modification is an important component of managing endocrine disorders. Which of the following is a healthy lifestyle recommendation for patients with endocrine disorders?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a healthy weight

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

Sedentary lifestyle

Question 40

Which medication is the primary treatment for type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Pioglitazone

Answer

Sitagliptin

Answer

Metformin

Question 41

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating calcium and phosphate levels in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 42

What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing an Addisonian crisis?

Accepted Answer

Administer hydrocortisone intravenously

Answer

Provide emotional support

Answer

Restrict fluid intake

Answer

Monitor vital signs

Question 43

Which surgical procedure is commonly used to treat Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Adrenalectomy

Answer

Gastrectomy

Answer

Pancreatectomy

Answer

Thyroidectomy

Question 44

What is a potential life-threatening complication of uncontrolled hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid storm

Answer

Hypothermia

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Question 45

Which medication is contraindicated in patients with Graves' disease due to the risk of exacerbating symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Answer

Potassium iodide

Answer

Metoprolol

Answer

Levothyroxine

Question 46

What is the primary goal of lifestyle modification in type 2 diabetes management?

Accepted Answer

Weight loss and improved blood glucose control

Answer

Medication adherence

Answer

Glucose monitoring

Answer

Stress reduction

Question 47

Which hormone(s) are deficient in panhypopituitarism?

Accepted Answer

All pituitary hormones

Answer

Growth hormone only

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone only

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone only

Question 48

What is a typical sign of hypocalcemia, often characterized by muscle spasms and cramps?

Accepted Answer

Tetany

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Polyuria

Question 49

Which of the following lifestyle modifications is most helpful for managing hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Avoiding caffeine and stimulants

Answer

Taking frequent naps

Answer

Consuming a high-calorie diet

Answer

Increasing physical activity

Question 50

A patient with Addison's disease is admitted to the hospital for an acute adrenal crisis. Which of the following medications is most likely to be administered?

Accepted Answer

Hydrocortisone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Levothyroxine

Question 51

Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of hyperparathyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hypoglycemia