Databases: A Comprehensive Guide for Year 12 ICT Students

Question 1

Which data type is not supported by relational database management systems?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 2

Which data type is NOT supported in SQL?

Accepted Answer

ARRAY

Answer

INTEGER

Answer

VARCHAR

Answer

BOOLEAN

Question 3

What is the relationship between a database management system (DBMS) and a database?

Accepted Answer

A DBMS manages databases, while a database stores data

Answer

A DBMS is a type of database

Answer

A database is a type of DBMS

Answer

There is no difference between a DBMS and a database

Question 4

What does a database transaction ensure?

Accepted Answer

Changes to the database are either committed or rolled back as a single unit

Answer

Database queries are executed faster

Answer

Unauthorized access to the database is prevented

Answer

Data is backed up in case of a system failure

Question 5

Which of the following data types is NOT commonly used in databases?

Accepted Answer

Image

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 6

What is the purpose of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record in the table

Answer

To organize records into groups

Answer

To store the most important data in the table

Answer

To prevent duplicate records from being inserted

Question 7

Which of the following is a Structured Query Language (SQL) command used to retrieve data from a database?

Accepted Answer

SELECT

Answer

INSERT

Answer

UPDATE

Answer

DELETE

Question 8

What is the key difference between a relational database and a non-relational database?

Accepted Answer

Relational databases store data in tables with defined relationships, while non-relational databases do not.

Answer

Non-relational databases are more efficient than relational databases.

Answer

Relational databases are easier to use than non-relational databases.

Answer

There is no difference between relational and non-relational databases.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a type of database query?

Accepted Answer

Create query

Answer

Select query

Answer

Update query

Answer

Delete query

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a component of a database system?

Accepted Answer

Operating system

Answer

Database

Answer

Database management system (DBMS)

Answer

Database users

Question 11

What is the purpose of a database schema?

Accepted Answer

To define the structure and organization of a database

Answer

To store the actual data in the database

Answer

To manage user access to the database

Answer

To optimize database performance

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a relational database?

Accepted Answer

Data is organized hierarchically

Answer

Tables store data in rows and columns

Answer

Data is organized into tables

Answer

Records are connected by relationships

Question 13

Which SQL command is used to create a new table in a database?

Accepted Answer

CREATE TABLE

Answer

INSERT INTO

Answer

SELECT

Answer

UPDATE

Question 14

What is the key difference between a clustered index and a non-clustered index?

Accepted Answer

A clustered index physically orders the data in the table, while a non-clustered index does not

Answer

A non-clustered index improves query performance, while a clustered index does not

Answer

A clustered index is used for primary keys, while a non-clustered index is used for foreign keys

Answer

There is no difference between a clustered index and a non-clustered index

Question 15

What is the primary role of the primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each row in the table

Answer

To store the most important data in the table

Answer

To link the table to other tables

Answer

To enforce data integrity

Question 16

Which of the following are types of database schemas?

Accepted Answer

Both of the above

Answer

Star schema

Answer

Snowflake schema

Answer

Neither of the above

Question 17

What is the primary benefit of using a database index?

Accepted Answer

Accelerating data retrieval operations

Answer

Enhancing data integrity

Answer

Storing frequently accessed data separately

Answer

Compressing data to save storage space

Question 18

What is the primary objective of a database transaction?

Accepted Answer

To maintain data integrity during multiple database operations

Answer

To improve the overall performance of the database

Answer

To reduce data redundancy within the database

Answer

To create a backup of the database

Question 19

What is the primary purpose of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record

Answer

To store the most important data

Answer

To link to other related tables

Answer

To ensure data accuracy

Question 20

Which database query language is designed specifically for accessing and manipulating data in relational database management systems?

Accepted Answer

SQL

Answer

HTML

Answer

CSS

Answer

JavaScript

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a primary benefit of using a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Increased data complexity and management challenges

Answer

Centralized data storage and management

Answer

Reduced data redundancy and improved data consistency

Answer

Enhanced data security and access control

Question 22

In the relational database model, which component represents a collection of related data organized in rows and columns?

Accepted Answer

Table

Answer

Field

Answer

Record

Answer

Query

Question 23

What is the primary purpose of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record

Answer

To store the most important data values

Answer

To connect multiple tables

Answer

To maintain data accuracy and consistency

Question 24

Which SQL command is used to create a table in a database environment?

Accepted Answer

CREATE TABLE

Answer

ADD TABLE

Answer

NEW TABLE

Answer

GENERATE TABLE

Question 25

In SQL, what is the fundamental difference between a SELECT and a WHERE clause?

Accepted Answer

SELECT retrieves data, while WHERE filters data based on specified criteria

Answer

WHERE retrieves data, while SELECT filters data based on specified criteria

Answer

Both SELECT and WHERE commands retrieve data from the database

Answer

Both SELECT and WHERE commands filter data from the database

Question 26

When storing dates and times in a database, which data type should be utilized?

Accepted Answer

Date

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 27

What is the primary function of a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

To effectively store, manage, and manipulate data

Answer

To provide a user-friendly interface for database management

Answer

To facilitate the development of database applications

Answer

To perform in-depth data analysis and generate reports

Question 28

In database modeling, which schema type is designed to represent hierarchical relationships between data?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical

Answer

Flat

Answer

Relational

Answer

Object-oriented

Question 29

Which of the following is not a component of a relational database management system (RDBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Forms

Answer

Tables

Answer

Queries

Answer

Schemas

Question 30

What is the primary reason for normalizing a database?

Accepted Answer

To eliminate data redundancy

Answer

To streamline data retrieval

Answer

To improve data storage efficiency

Answer

To eliminate data inconsistencies

Question 31

Which of the following data types is most appropriate for storing dates in a database?

Accepted Answer

Date

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 32

What is the key difference between a primary key and a foreign key in a relational database?

Accepted Answer

A primary key is used to uniquely identify a row, while a foreign key references the primary key of another table.

Answer

A primary key is assigned automatically, while a foreign key must be manually entered.

Answer

A primary key can be null, while a foreign key cannot.

Answer

A foreign key can reference multiple primary keys, but a primary key can only reference one foreign key.

Question 33

Which SQL statement is used to retrieve specific columns and rows from a database table?

Accepted Answer

SELECT

Answer

INSERT INTO

Answer

UPDATE

Answer

DELETE

Question 34

What is one main purpose of creating an index in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To enhance data retrieval speed

Answer

To guarantee data integrity

Answer

To prevent data loss

Answer

To organize data in a logical order

Question 35

Which of the following is a widely used database modeling technique?

Accepted Answer

Entity-relationship modeling

Answer

Object-oriented modeling

Answer

Use case modeling

Answer

Activity modeling

Question 36

What is the primary responsibility of a database administrator (DBA)?

Accepted Answer

Managing and maintaining databases

Answer

Developing and implementing database applications

Answer

Training users on database usage

Answer

Providing technical support for database users

Question 37

What is the primary purpose of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record in the table.

Answer

To organize records by a specific category.

Answer

To store the most important data in the table.

Answer

To connect the table to other tables in the database.

Question 38

Which of the following is not a key benefit of using a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Increased data complexity

Answer

Reduced data redundancy

Answer

Improved data sharing and accessibility

Answer

Enhanced data integrity and consistency

Question 39

Why are foreign key constraints primarily defined in a database schema?

Accepted Answer

To maintain data accuracy and consistency

Answer

To improve database performance

Answer

To allow data duplication

Answer

To restrict access to certain data

Question 40

Which component is NOT essential to a Database Management System (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

User Interface

Answer

Query Processor

Answer

Storage Manager

Answer

Transaction Manager

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental data type in a relational database?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Boolean

Answer

String

Answer

Date

Question 42

What is the primary purpose of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record and enforce data integrity

Answer

To store the most critical information in the table

Answer

To optimize query performance

Answer

To link tables together without duplication

Question 43

Which type of database model represents data as a collection of entities and relationships?

Accepted Answer

Relational

Answer

Network

Answer

Object-oriented

Answer

Hierarchical

Question 44

What is the fundamental difference between a SELECT statement and an UPDATE statement in SQL?

Accepted Answer

SELECT retrieves existing data, while UPDATE modifies existing data

Answer

SELECT creates new records, while UPDATE deletes existing records

Answer

There is no difference between SELECT and UPDATE

Answer

SELECT is used for querying data, while UPDATE is used for inserting new data

Question 45

What is the primary responsibility of a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

To manage, control, and facilitate access to a database

Answer

To execute user queries and retrieve data

Answer

To store and process data within a database

Answer

To design and create database structures

Question 46

What is the primary function of a query optimizer in a database system?

Accepted Answer

To determine the most efficient execution plan for a given query

Answer

To validate the syntax of user queries

Answer

To store and retrieve data from the database

Question 47

What is the primary purpose of data indexing in a database?

Accepted Answer

To accelerate data retrieval by organizing data based on specific attributes

Answer

To ensure the accuracy and consistency of data

Answer

To structure data for efficient reporting and analysis

Answer

To safeguard data from loss or corruption

Question 48

Which of these is NOT a core part of a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Programming Language

Answer

Database Engine

Answer

Data Dictionary

Answer

Query Processor

Question 49

What is the main purpose of a data type in a database?

Accepted Answer

To set the kind of data a field can hold and the allowed values.

Answer

To organize data items into meaningful groups.

Answer

To link data items together based on rules.

Question 50

Which database model uses a tree-like structure to represent data?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical Model

Answer

Relational Model

Answer

Network Model

Answer

Object-Oriented Model

Question 51

What is the primary role of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record (row) in the table.

Answer

To connect the table to other related tables.

Answer

To speed up finding information in the database.

Answer

To make sure data is accurate and consistent.

Question 52

What is a key benefit of using a relational database management system (RDBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring data is accurate and consistent across the database.

Answer

Organizing data in a tree-like structure.

Answer

Making it difficult to find and use data with complex queries.

Answer

Limiting who can access different parts of the data.

Question 53

Which SQL command is used to retrieve information from a database table?

Accepted Answer

SELECT

Answer

INSERT

Answer

UPDATE

Answer

DELETE

Question 54

What is the goal of a join operation in SQL?

Accepted Answer

To combine data from multiple tables based on a shared column.

Answer

To change data in multiple tables at the same time.

Answer

To create a completely new table from existing ones.

Question 55

What is the purpose of a database management plan?

Accepted Answer

To establish rules and procedures for managing and using a database effectively.

Answer

To make the database run faster and better.

Answer

To create and keep copies of the database data.