Networking and Communications: Master the Fundamentals for Year 12 ICT

Question 1

Which protocol is used for sending email over the internet?

Accepted Answer

SMTP

Answer

TCP

Answer

UDP

Answer

HTTP

Question 2

What is the purpose of a subnet mask?

Accepted Answer

To divide a network into smaller segments

Answer

To assign IP addresses to devices

Answer

To route traffic between networks

Answer

To secure network traffic

Question 3

What does the acronym NAT stand for?

Accepted Answer

Network Address Translation

Answer

Network Access Technology

Answer

Network Attached Technology

Answer

Network Appliance Technology

Question 4

Which network topology is NOT characterized by a central connection point?

Accepted Answer

Linear

Answer

Bus

Answer

Ring

Answer

Star

Question 5

What is the key difference between a Local Area Network (LAN) and a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

Accepted Answer

LANs are smaller and cover a limited area, while WANs span a wider geographical region

Answer

WANs are typically faster than LANs

Answer

LANs utilize wireless connections, while WANs use wired connections

Answer

LANs are inherently more secure than WANs

Question 6

Which function is NOT performed by a router in a network?

Accepted Answer

Storing network data

Answer

Connecting different networks

Answer

Forwarding data packets

Answer

Providing network security

Question 7

What is the fundamental distinction between Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?

Accepted Answer

TCP is connection-oriented, while UDP is connectionless

Answer

TCP offers higher speed than UDP

Answer

TCP provides stronger security compared to UDP

Answer

UDP is suitable for real-time applications, while TCP is preferred for file transfers

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of a subnet mask?

Accepted Answer

To identify the network portion of an IP address

Answer

To define the valid range of IP addresses on a network

Answer

To translate IP addresses to MAC addresses

Answer

To encrypt network traffic

Question 9

Which wireless network standard operates in the 5 GHz frequency band?

Accepted Answer

802.11ac

Answer

802.11b

Answer

802.11g

Answer

802.11n

Question 10

What is the primary function of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to a network

Answer

To detect and eliminate malware

Answer

To optimize network performance

Answer

To translate between different network protocols

Question 11

What is the main distinction between a router and a switch?

Accepted Answer

Routers connect different networks, while switches connect devices within a network

Answer

Switches connect different networks, while routers connect devices within a network

Answer

Routers are used for wired networks, while switches are used for wireless networks

Answer

Switches are used for wired networks, while routers are used for wireless networks

Question 12

What is a primary advantage of utilizing a virtual private network (VPN)?

Accepted Answer

It provides secure communication over a public network

Answer

It grants access to restricted websites

Answer

It enhances internet speed

Answer

It prevents malware attacks

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of a network protocol?

Accepted Answer

To define how devices communicate on a network

Answer

To enhance network security

Answer

To optimize network performance

Answer

To translate between different languages

Question 14

Which type of network connects devices within a limited physical space, typically within a building?

Accepted Answer

LAN (Local Area Network)

Answer

WAN (Wide Area Network)

Answer

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

Answer

WAN (Wide Area Network)

Question 15

Which protocol suite provides the foundation for internet communication and defines how data is transmitted over networks?

Accepted Answer

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

Answer

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Answer

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Answer

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

Question 16

Which encryption standard is commonly used to secure wireless networks and prevent unauthorized access?

Accepted Answer

WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)

Answer

AES-256 (Advanced Encryption Standard 256-bit)

Answer

SHA-256 (Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit)

Answer

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)

Question 17

Which cloud computing service model offers computing resources on demand, allowing users to pay for only the resources they consume?

Accepted Answer

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Answer

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Answer

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Answer

FaaS (Function as a Service)

Question 18

Which network topology connects all devices on the network to a central hub or switch, forming a star-shaped structure?

Accepted Answer

Star

Answer

Bus

Answer

Ring

Answer

Mesh

Question 19

Which layer in the TCP/IP model is responsible for managing the physical transmission of data across networks?

Accepted Answer

Data Link Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Answer

Transport Layer

Answer

Network Layer

Question 20

Which virtualization technology enables multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on a single physical server, isolating each operating system from the others?

Accepted Answer

Hypervisor

Answer

Virtualization

Answer

Emulation

Answer

Containerization

Question 21

Which NAT (Network Address Translation) method allows multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address by translating private IP addresses to a public IP address?

Accepted Answer

PAT (Port Address Translation)

Answer

Static NAT

Answer

Dynamic NAT

Answer

Overlapping NAT

Question 22

Which wireless communication standard operates in the 5 GHz frequency band, offering faster data transfer rates compared to 2.4 GHz standards?

Accepted Answer

802.11a

Answer

802.11b

Answer

802.11g

Answer

802.11n

Question 23

What is the primary purpose of a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

Accepted Answer

Connecting networks across different cities or countries

Answer

Connecting devices within a small office

Answer

Sharing files between computers on a local network

Answer

Providing internet access to devices on a home network

Question 24

Which device connects multiple networks together?

Accepted Answer

Router

Answer

Switch

Answer

Modem

Answer

Firewall

Question 25

What is the primary distinction between a LAN and a WAN?

Accepted Answer

LANs span a smaller area and connect nearby devices, while WANs cover a wider area and connect devices over a larger distance.

Answer

LANs are more secure than WANs.

Answer

WANs are used for internet connections, while LANs are not.

Answer

LANs are faster than WANs.

Question 26

What is the primary function of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

Blocking unauthorized access to a network

Answer

Scanning for viruses and malware

Answer

Providing internet access

Answer

Storing data

Question 27

What is the primary purpose of a MAC address?

Accepted Answer

Uniquely identifying a device on a network

Answer

Storing data

Answer

Providing internet access

Answer

Connecting to other devices

Question 28

Which of the following is a wireless networking technology?

Accepted Answer

Wi-Fi

Answer

Ethernet

Answer

DSL

Answer

Fiber optic

Question 29

What is the fundamental difference between TCP and UDP?

Accepted Answer

TCP operates as a connection-oriented protocol, while UDP functions as a connectionless protocol.

Answer

TCP is superior in speed compared to UDP.

Answer

UDP is more secure than TCP.

Answer

TCP is suitable for real-time applications, whereas UDP is appropriate for non-real-time applications.

Question 30

What is the primary purpose of a Media Access Control (MAC) address?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify a specific device connected to a network

Answer

To facilitate efficient routing of data packets across multiple networks

Answer

To provide robust security protection against unauthorized network access

Answer

To store and manage user data on a network

Question 31

Within the TCP/IP model, which layer is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating connections between network devices?

Accepted Answer

Transport Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Answer

Network Layer

Answer

Data Link Layer

Question 32

What is the primary function of a firewall in a network security context?

Accepted Answer

To restrict unauthorized access to a network and its resources

Answer

To detect and eliminate malicious software from network devices

Answer

To encrypt network traffic for enhanced security

Answer

To establish secure connections between two or more devices

Question 33

What is the fundamental purpose of a network protocol?

Accepted Answer

To define the rules and procedures for communication between network devices

Answer

To provide robust security measures for protecting network communications

Answer

To facilitate efficient routing of data packets across multiple networks

Answer

To store and manage user data on a network

Question 34

Which command can you use to trace the route taken by data packets between two network devices?

Accepted Answer

traceroute

Answer

ping

Answer

nslookup

Answer

netstat

Question 35

What is the primary function of a Domain Name System (DNS)?

Accepted Answer

To translate domain names to IP addresses

Answer

To provide secure communication

Answer

To route packets across a network

Answer

To detect and remove viruses

Question 36

Which characteristic best describes a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection?

Accepted Answer

Connection-oriented and reliable

Answer

Connectionless and unreliable

Answer

Sends data in both directions simultaneously

Answer

Uses a token to control access to the network

Question 37

What is the primary purpose of a Media Access Control (MAC) address?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify a device on a network

Answer

To encrypt network traffic

Answer

To determine the network speed

Answer

To store user account information

Question 38

What is a significant advantage of using a network management system (NMS)?

Accepted Answer

Centralized monitoring and control

Answer

Faster internet browsing

Answer

Improved virus protection

Answer

Reduced hardware costs

Question 39

What is the primary function of a network switch?

Accepted Answer

To connect devices within a network

Answer

To route traffic between different networks

Answer

To provide network security

Answer

To store and manage network data

Question 40

Which of the following network security measures is specifically designed to protect against phishing attacks?

Accepted Answer

Spam filter

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Antivirus software

Answer

Encryption

Question 41

Which type of network topology connects all devices to a central point, creating a star-like structure?

Accepted Answer

Star

Answer

Ring

Answer

Mesh

Answer

Bus

Question 42

Which protocol is responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses, making it easier to access websites?

Accepted Answer

DNS

Answer

HTTP

Answer

SMTP

Answer

FTP

Question 43

Which security measure involves converting data into a secret code before transmitting it over a network to protect its confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

Encryption

Answer

Intrusion Detection Systems

Answer

Authentication

Answer

Firewalls

Question 44

Which type of network cable is known for its extremely high bandwidth and resistance to electromagnetic interference?

Accepted Answer

Fiber optic

Answer

Coaxial

Answer

Twisted pair

Question 45

Which of the following is a key benefit of cloud computing, allowing users to access resources and services on demand without the need for physical infrastructure?

Accepted Answer

Scalability

Answer

Poor reliability

Answer

High cost

Answer

Limited storage

Question 46

Which device acts as a gateway between different networks, allowing devices on different subnets to communicate?

Accepted Answer

Router

Answer

Switch

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Modem

Question 47

Which type of IP address is automatically assigned to devices on a network, allowing for easy network management?

Accepted Answer

DHCP

Answer

Private

Answer

Public

Answer

Static

Question 48

Which protocol is specifically designed for transferring files between computers over a network, providing reliable and efficient file sharing?

Accepted Answer

FTP

Answer

DNS

Answer

HTTP

Answer

SMTP

Question 49

Which type of network intrusion detection system relies on predefined patterns or signatures to identify and block malicious activities?

Accepted Answer

Signature-based

Answer

Antivirus

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Spam filter

Question 50

Which network topology has a central device that connects all other devices, making it susceptible to single points of failure?

Accepted Answer

Star Topology

Answer

Mesh Topology

Answer

Ring Topology

Answer

Bus Topology

Question 51

What is the primary function of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite in a network?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting data packets between computers

Answer

Encrypting confidential data

Answer

Exchanging emails over the internet

Answer

Detecting and preventing cyberattacks

Question 52

Which network security measure involves filtering network traffic to prevent unauthorized access?

Accepted Answer

Firewall

Answer

Access control list

Answer

Intrusion Detection System

Answer

Anti-virus software

Question 53

Which network type is typically used to connect devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home or a small office?

Accepted Answer

Local Area Network (LAN)

Answer

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Answer

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Answer

Personal Area Network (PAN)

Question 54

What is the primary purpose of a Domain Name System (DNS) server on the internet?

Accepted Answer

Translating domain names into corresponding IP addresses

Answer

Storing and retrieving website content

Answer

Encrypting data transmissions

Answer

Providing secure remote access

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a primary benefit of using a Virtual Private Network (VPN)?

Accepted Answer

Increased network bandwidth

Answer

Improved network security

Answer

Enhanced data privacy

Answer

Secure access to resources from remote locations

Question 56

Which communication technology allows for the bidirectional exchange of data simultaneously over a network?

Accepted Answer

Full Duplex

Answer

Simplex

Answer

Half Duplex

Answer

Asynchronous

Question 57

What is the primary function of a network switch in a computer network?

Accepted Answer

Forwarding data packets to their intended destinations

Answer

Amplifying network signals

Answer

Encrypting data transmissions

Answer

Providing wireless network connectivity

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of a network protocol?

Accepted Answer

Establishing standardized rules for data transmission and communication

Answer

Preventing unauthorized access

Answer

Detecting and mitigating cyber threats

Question 59

Which of the following is an example of a physical security measure used to protect network infrastructure?

Accepted Answer

Installing physical locks on network equipment

Answer

Using strong passwords

Answer

Implementing a firewall

Answer

Enabling two-factor authentication