Physical Activity and Health: A Comprehensive Guide for Year 12 Students

Question 1

Which type of physical activity offers the most significant benefits for your heart and circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Endurance activities (e.g., running, cycling)

Answer

Strength training

Answer

Flexibility exercises

Answer

Balance and coordination exercises

Question 2

How does physical activity contribute to preventing and managing chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and obesity?

Accepted Answer

Enhances heart health by strengthening the heart and lowering blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

Regulates blood sugar levels to manage diabetes.

Accepted Answer

Reduces obesity risk by burning calories and boosting metabolism.

Answer

Physical activity has no effect on chronic disease prevention or management.

Question 3

How does physical activity contribute to preventing and treating obesity?

Accepted Answer

It prevents obesity by increasing energy use and reducing hunger.

Answer

It prevents obesity but has limited impact on treatment.

Answer

It can treat obesity without dietary changes.

Answer

It mainly helps with weight loss but not body fat reduction.

Question 4

In a large-scale population study, which assessment method is best suited to measure the intensity and duration of physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Accelerometry

Answer

Self-report questionnaires

Answer

Direct observation

Answer

Pedometry

Question 5

How do nutrition and physical activity work together to promote optimal health and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Physical activity and nutrition work together to promote health and well-being, with each element enhancing the benefits of the other.

Answer

Physical activity alone can effectively promote health and well-being without the need for adequate nutrition.

Answer

Nutrition has a limited role in promoting health and well-being, with physical activity being the primary factor.

Answer

Physical activity and nutrition have separate and unrelated roles in promoting health and well-being.

Question 6

How does physical activity influence cardiovascular health? Describe how it affects heart function, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels.

Accepted Answer

Physical activity strengthens the heart muscle, improving cardiac output and blood pressure regulation.

Answer

Physical activity only impacts cholesterol levels, not heart function or blood pressure.

Answer

Physical activity lowers heart rate and blood pressure, potentially leading to cardiovascular issues.

Question 7

How do physical activity and nutrition interact to enhance overall health and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Nutrition supports physical activity by providing energy, nutrients, and aiding recovery.

Answer

Physical activity makes up for poor nutrition, reducing the need for a balanced diet.

Answer

Physical activity is the main factor determining health, with nutrition playing a minor role.

Question 8

How does physical activity help reduce the risk of falls and improve mobility in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Strengthens muscles and improves balance, reducing the likelihood of falls.

Answer

Has no significant impact on mobility in older adults.

Answer

Increases the risk of falls due to muscle fatigue.

Answer

Is only beneficial for older adults who are already physically active.

Question 9

What is physical literacy, and why is it important for encouraging long-term participation in physical activities?

Accepted Answer

Physical literacy involves the knowledge, skills, and confidence to participate in various physical activities, leading to lifelong enjoyment and engagement.

Answer

Physical literacy only includes knowledge about physical activities, not skills or confidence.

Answer

Physical literacy is mainly important for young people, not adults.

Question 10

What is cardiorespiratory fitness, and why is it important for physical activity?

Accepted Answer

The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to muscles during physical activity.

Answer

Only important for elite athletes who engage in strenuous physical activity.

Answer

Solely determined by genetics and cannot be improved through physical activity.

Answer

Has no bearing on the risk of developing chronic diseases.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a recognized benefit associated with engaging in regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Diminished sleep quality

Answer

Improved cardiovascular health outcomes

Answer

Reduced risk of developing chronic diseases

Answer

Preservation or increase in lean muscle mass and strength

Question 12

According to the UK Physical Activity Guidelines, what is the recommended amount of moderate-intensity exercise that adults aged 18-64 should accumulate each week?

Accepted Answer

150 minutes

Answer

60 minutes

Answer

At least 10,000 steps per day

Answer

Physical activity should be avoided on weekends

Question 13

Which of the following activities qualifies as moderate-intensity physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Brisk walking

Answer

Running a marathon

Answer

Lifting weights

Answer

Watching television

Question 14

The concept of gradually increasing physical activity over time is known as:

Accepted Answer

Progression

Answer

Overtraining

Answer

De-training

Answer

Adaptation

Question 15

Which type of physical activity is most effective for weight management?

Accepted Answer

High-intensity interval training

Answer

Light-intensity aerobic exercise

Answer

Vigorous-intensity anaerobic exercise

Answer

Resistance training in isolation

Question 16

What is a key role of endorphins released during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Reducing pain perception

Answer

Diminishing fatigue

Answer

Increasing heart rate

Answer

Lowering blood pressure

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a mental health benefit associated with physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of depression

Answer

Reduced risk of anxiety

Answer

Improved sleep quality

Answer

Enhanced cognitive function

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries

Answer

Improved cardiovascular health

Answer

Reduced risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Enhanced mental well-being

Question 19

As per physical activity guidelines, how much moderate-intensity aerobic activity is recommended for adults each week?

Accepted Answer

At least 150 minutes

Answer

At least 300 minutes

Answer

At least 450 minutes

Answer

At least 600 minutes

Question 20

Which of the following activities is NOT classified as sedentary behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Walking for short durations

Answer

Sitting for extended periods

Answer

Watching television

Answer

Playing video games

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a common indication of overtraining?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced recovery time

Answer

Persistent muscle soreness and fatigue

Answer

Increased resting heart rate

Answer

Frequent minor injuries or illnesses

Question 22

The musculoskeletal system primarily comprises:

Accepted Answer

Bones, muscles, and joints

Answer

Organs, skin, and connective tissues

Answer

Cardiovascular system and respiratory system

Answer

Nervous system and endocrine system

Question 23

Which type of physical activity is most effective for improving cardiovascular fitness?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise

Answer

Resistance training

Answer

Flexibility training

Answer

Balance training

Question 24

The body mass index (BMI) is primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Estimate body fat percentage

Answer

Determine muscle mass

Answer

Predict athletic performance

Answer

Diagnose eating disorders

Question 25

Which of the following is a **modifiable** barrier to physical activity that can be addressed through a behavior change intervention?

Accepted Answer

Lack of motivation

Answer

Lack of time

Answer

Lack of facilities

Answer

Physical disability

Question 26

What is the primary role of endorphins in physical activity?

Accepted Answer

To reduce pain and create a sense of pleasure

Answer

To regulate heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

To increase muscle strength and endurance

Answer

To improve flexibility and range of motion

Question 27

Which of the following is an example of a sedentary behavior?

Accepted Answer

Watching TV

Answer

Walking the dog

Answer

Cycling to work

Answer

Gardening

Question 28

What is the most important factor to consider when designing a physical activity program?

Accepted Answer

Individual needs and preferences

Answer

Current fitness level

Answer

Time constraints

Answer

Cost of the program

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a component of physical fitness?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence

Answer

Cardiovascular endurance

Answer

Muscular strength

Answer

Flexibility

Question 30

The FITT principle refers to:

Accepted Answer

Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type

Answer

Fitness, Intensity, Time, Training

Answer

Force, Interval, Time, Type

Question 31

Which of the following is a health-related component of physical fitness?

Accepted Answer

Body composition

Answer

Speed

Answer

Agility

Answer

Flexibility

Question 32

Physical activity guidelines for children and young people recommend:

Accepted Answer

120 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per day

Answer

60 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per day

Answer

90 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity per day

Answer

150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week

Question 33

Which of the following is **not** a health benefit linked to regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to infections

Answer

Boosted cardiovascular health

Answer

Reduced risk of certain cancers

Answer

Enhanced cognitive abilities

Question 34

Which type of physical activity is considered most effective for developing muscular strength and endurance?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic exercise

Answer

Aerobic exercise

Answer

Flexibility exercises

Answer

Balance exercises

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a physical benefit of engaging in regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Diminished flexibility

Answer

Enhanced cardiovascular health

Answer

Reduced risk of developing chronic diseases

Answer

Increased muscle mass and strength

Question 36

Which type of exercise is most effective for improving cardiovascular health?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise

Answer

Resistance exercise

Answer

Flexibility exercises

Answer

Balance exercises

Question 37

How do cultural factors affect an individual's physical activity choices?

Accepted Answer

Cultural values influence whether certain activities are encouraged or discouraged.

Accepted Answer

Cultural beliefs shape how people view the benefits and risks of physical activity.

Accepted Answer

Cultural norms set expectations and behaviors around physical activity.

Answer

Culture has no impact on physical activity behaviors.

Question 38

Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement that:

Accepted Answer

requires significant effort and energy expenditure

Answer

has a clear purpose

Answer

improves physical and mental well-being

Answer

is performed wyłącznie for leisure

Question 39

Which of the following is an example of a moderate-intensity physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Brisk walking

Answer

Cycling at a slow pace

Answer

Running a marathon

Answer

Weightlifting

Question 40

According to the UK physical activity guidelines, the recommended amount of moderate-intensity physical activity for adults is:

Accepted Answer

30 minutes per day, most days of the week

Answer

1 hour per day, every day

Answer

2 hours per day, 3 days a week

Answer

Varies depending on individual fitness levels

Question 41

The concept of physical literacy refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Ability to perform physical activities with competence, confidence, and enjoyment

Answer

Knowledge of the benefits of physical activity

Answer

Availability of physical activity facilities in a community

Answer

Level of physical fitness attained through regular exercise

Question 42

The promotion of physical activity and health requires a:

Accepted Answer

Collaborative approach involving various stakeholders and sectors

Answer

Top-down approach led by policymakers

Answer

Focus solely on individual behaviour change

Answer

Combination of both a and b

Question 43

Resistance training is a type of physical activity that involves working against resistance. Which of the following is a primary benefit of resistance training?

Accepted Answer

Increased muscle strength and endurance

Answer

Improved cardiovascular health

Answer

Enhanced flexibility

Answer

Reduced body fat

Question 44

According to UK government guidelines, how many minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity should adults aim for each week?

Accepted Answer

150 minutes

Answer

120 minutes

Answer

180 minutes

Answer

210 minutes

Question 45

Schools and communities play a vital role in promoting physical activity among young people. Which of the following is NOT an effective way to promote physical activity in schools and communities?

Accepted Answer

Discouraging physical activity due to fear of injury

Answer

Providing physical education classes

Answer

Creating accessible and safe recreational facilities

Answer

Encouraging active transportation, such as walking or cycling

Question 46

According to the FITT principle, which component represents the amount of time spent exercising?

Accepted Answer

Time

Answer

Frequency

Answer

Intensity

Answer

Type

Question 47

What is the primary energy source for high-intensity exercise of short duration?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic glycolysis

Answer

Aerobic metabolism

Answer

Anaerobic respiration

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 48

What is the main purpose of the Health-Related Fitness Components?

Accepted Answer

To improve overall health and well-being

Answer

To enhance athletic performance

Answer

To prevent injuries

Answer

To promote weight loss

Question 49

For individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease, which type of physical activity is recommended?

Accepted Answer

Moderate exercise for a minimum of 150 minutes per week

Answer

Vigorous exercise for at least 30 minutes most days of the week

Answer

Resistance training only

Answer

High-impact aerobics three times a week

Question 50

How effective are social media campaigns in promoting physical activity? Consider the impact of social media on behavior and the potential for misinformation.

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of social media campaigns in promoting physical activity depends on several factors.

Answer

Social media campaigns are very effective in promoting physical activity.

Answer

Social media campaigns are not effective in promoting physical activity.

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a direct physical benefit of regular exercise?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced sleep quality

Answer

Improved cardiovascular health

Answer

Increased muscle strength

Answer

Reduced risk of chronic diseases

Question 52

The FITT principle stands for:

Accepted Answer

Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type

Answer

Fitness, Intensity, Training, Time

Answer

Frequency, Intensity, Technique, Type

Answer

Focus, Intensity, Time, Training

Question 53

The relationship between physical activity and health is:

Accepted Answer

Bidirectional and complex

Answer

Linear and direct

Answer

Non-linear and indirect

Answer

Unidirectional and simple

Question 54

What is crucial for the success of a community-based physical activity program?

Accepted Answer

Involving the community

Answer

Securing funding

Answer

Hiring experienced instructors

Question 55

How effective are community-based physical activity programs in promoting physical activity and improving health outcomes? Consider factors like community involvement and long-term success.

Accepted Answer

Somewhat effective, with room for improvement through increased community involvement and sustainability

Answer

Very effective, with lasting benefits for physical activity and health

Answer

Effective in encouraging physical activity, but with less impact on health outcomes

Answer

Not effective due to challenges in implementation and sustainability

Question 56

Which of the following is **NOT** a health benefit of regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Reduced risk of obesity

Answer

Improved cardiovascular health

Answer

Enhanced cognitive function

Question 57

What is the recommended amount of moderate-intensity physical activity for adults per week, according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

Accepted Answer

150 minutes

Answer

600 minutes

Answer

75 minutes

Answer

30 minutes

Question 58

Which type of exercise is most effective for building and maintaining muscle strength?

Accepted Answer

Resistance training

Answer

Balance training

Answer

Flexibility training

Answer

Aerobic exercise

Question 59

What is the role of the hormone endorphin in physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Reduces perception of pain and induces feelings of well-being

Answer

Breaks down glycogen into glucose

Answer

Increases heart rate and blood pressure

Question 60

What is the term for the gradual increase in exercise intensity and duration over time?

Accepted Answer

Progressive overload

Answer

Individuality

Answer

Reversibility

Answer

Specificity

Question 61

Which of the following is a potential barrier to physical activity, particularly among adolescents?

Accepted Answer

Peer pressure against exercise

Answer

Financial constraints

Answer

Lack of time

Answer

Physical disabilities

Question 62

What is the primary role of a personal trainer in promoting physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Provides individualized exercise plans, motivation, and support

Answer

Diagnoses and treats injuries

Answer

Manages fitness facilities

Question 63

Which of the following is a key indicator of cardiovascular health and fitness?

Accepted Answer

Resting heart rate

Answer

Body mass index

Answer

Flexibility

Answer

Strength

Question 64

What is the impact of physical inactivity on mental health?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of depression and anxiety

Answer

Improved sleep quality

Answer

Reduced self-esteem

Answer

Enhanced cognitive function