Energy Transfers in Cells: Learn and Test Your Knowledge

Question 1

Which stage in aerobic respiration occurs directly after glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 2

Plants use photosynthesis to make food. What energy source powers this process?

Accepted Answer

Light energy

Answer

Chemical energy

Answer

Electrical energy

Answer

Thermal energy

Question 3

In cellular respiration, which stage produces the majority of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs Cycle

Answer

Electron Transport Chain

Question 4

During photosynthesis, which process takes place in the stroma of a chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

Calvin cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Kreb's cycle

Question 5

In cellular respiration, what substance receives electrons at the end of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

NADH

Answer

FADH2

Answer

Glucose

Question 6

In the electron transport chain, which molecule receives the final electrons?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

NADH

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Glucose

Question 7

In cells, energy can be:

Accepted Answer

Transformed from one form to another, with the total amount remaining constant

Answer

Used only in the form of ATP

Answer

Freely created or eliminated

Answer

Transferred with 100% efficiency

Question 8

During aerobic respiration, which stage generates the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Kreb's cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a product of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

ATP

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Water

Question 10

Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis is only possible in the presence of light.

Answer

Photosynthesis uses energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Answer

Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Answer

Photosynthesis is a process that releases oxygen into the atmosphere.

Question 11

Cellular respiration is a vital process in cells for energy production. Which of the following best describes cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Cells use oxygen to break down glucose, releasing energy.

Accepted Answer

It produces carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

Answer

It occurs only in the cytoplasm.

Answer

It is exclusive to animal cells.

Question 12

In which order do the stages of cellular respiration occur?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain

Answer

Electron transport chain, Krebs cycle, Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle, Glycolysis, Electron transport chain

Answer

Glycolysis, Electron transport chain, Krebs cycle

Question 13

In cellular respiration, chemical energy is released from organic compounds to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Which of the following is NOT a stage in this process?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Kreb's cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a stage in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Kreb's cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 15

In aerobic respiration, which molecule receives electrons at the end of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Glucose

Answer

NADH

Answer

ATP

Question 16

Which molecule serves as the universal energy currency in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glucose

Answer

NADH

Answer

Pyruvate

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Kreb's cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 18

Which part of a leaf controls the exchange of gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen with the environment?

Accepted Answer

Stomata

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 19

In photosynthesis, what is the main purpose of the light-dependent reactions?

Accepted Answer

To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH).

Answer

To use ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Answer

To extract oxygen from water.

Answer

To release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Question 20

In cellular respiration, which process directly generates ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Kreb's cycle

Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 21

In cellular respiration, which molecule receives the final electron in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

NADH

Answer

Glucose

Question 22

Which leaf structure is primarily responsible for regulating the exchange of gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Stomata

Answer

Veins

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Cuticle

Question 23

In yeast, anaerobic respiration converts glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Which equation represents this reaction?

Accepted Answer

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂

Answer

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Answer

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Question 24

In cellular respiration, which process produces water?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Pyruvate oxidation

Question 25

In cellular respiration, which component is directly responsible for synthesizing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthase

Answer

Cytochrome c oxidase

Answer

NADH dehydrogenase

Answer

FADH2 dehydrogenase

Question 26

In oxidative phosphorylation, how is ATP primarily generated?

Accepted Answer

By the movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase

Answer

By the direct transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to ATP synthase

Answer

As a result of the breakdown of glucose during glycolysis

Question 27

What is the primary function of ATP in cellular energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP is the universal energy currency in cells.

Answer

ATP is a passive energy reservoir in cells.

Answer

ATP is only produced during photosynthesis.

Answer

ATP is produced in glycolysis but not used in cellular respiration.

Question 28

In cellular respiration, what is the main function of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Generating ATP through oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Storing genetic information

Answer

Producing proteins

Answer

Controlling cell division

Question 29

Which leaf structure controls gas exchange, allowing carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to exit during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Stomata

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Vacuoles

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 30

In cellular energy metabolism, what is the primary function of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Energy currency, providing immediate energy for cellular processes

Answer

Waste product of cellular respiration

Answer

Hormonal regulator in cell signaling

Answer

Structural component of cell membranes

Question 31

Where does the initial breakdown of glucose occur during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 32

Which of the following processes does NOT occur in the mitochondria during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 33

In cellular respiration, which stage produces the greatest amount of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Question 34

Which cellular process yields the greatest amount of energy?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Question 35

In aerobic respiration, what is the main role of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Transfer electrons and create a proton gradient for ATP synthesis

Answer

Break down glucose

Answer

Produce carbon dioxide

Answer

Transport oxygen to the mitochondria

Question 36

In aerobic respiration, what molecule serves as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Glucose

Question 37

In plant leaves, which structures are responsible for gas exchange with the atmosphere, allowing for the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Stomata

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Vacuoles

Question 38

Which equation represents cellular respiration, where cells break down glucose to release energy?

Accepted Answer

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Answer

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Answer

6H2O + 6O2 → C6H12O6 + 6CO2

Answer

C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Question 39

In cellular respiration, what is the correct sequence of the following stages: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron Transport Chain, and Oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Electron Transport Chain, Krebs cycle, Oxidative phosphorylation, Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle, Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 40

Which process starts the release of energy from food molecules in cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 41

During cellular respiration, which process is primarily responsible for producing the most ATP molecules?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Kreb's cycle

Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a product of anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Ethanol

Answer

Lactic acid

Question 43

In aerobic respiration, which molecules are the primary electron donors to the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADH and FADH2

Answer

Glucose and fatty acids

Answer

ATP and ADP

Answer

Oxygen

Question 44

In photosynthesis, what is the main function of stomata?

Accepted Answer

Regulate gas exchange

Answer

Prevent water loss through transpiration

Answer

Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis

Question 45

What are the products of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Lactic acid

Question 46

Which of the following accurately describes the difference in ATP production between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration produces significantly more ATP molecules per glucose molecule than anaerobic respiration.

Answer

Anaerobic respiration produces significantly more ATP molecules per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration.

Answer

Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration produce the same number of ATP molecules per glucose molecule.

Answer

The difference in ATP yield between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is negligible.

Question 47

How does oxygen availability impact the metabolic pathways used by organisms?

Accepted Answer

In the presence of oxygen, organisms use aerobic respiration, while in its absence, they switch to anaerobic respiration.

Answer

All organisms exclusively use aerobic respiration due to its higher energy yield.

Answer

Organisms solely rely on anaerobic respiration and cannot switch to aerobic respiration.

Question 48

According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy is:

Accepted Answer

Conserved

Answer

Created or destroyed

Answer

Transferred or transformed

Answer

Lost or gained

Question 49

Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Converts light energy into chemical energy

Answer

Converts heat energy into kinetic energy

Answer

Converts chemical energy into heat energy

Answer

Converts electrical energy into magnetic energy

Question 50

Cellular respiration occurs in which part of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 51

Which of the following is not a product of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Water

Answer

Oxygen

Question 52

What is the main function of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

Stores chemical energy

Answer

Stores heat energy

Answer

Stores kinetic energy

Answer

Stores potential energy

Question 53

Glycolysis is the first stage of which process?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Fermentation

Question 54

The primary function of the electron transport chain is to:

Accepted Answer

Generate most of the ATP in cellular respiration

Answer

Produce carbon dioxide

Answer

Break down glucose

Answer

Release oxygen

Question 55

Which wavelength of light results in the highest rate of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Wavelengths absorbed by chlorophyll

Answer

All visible wavelengths

Answer

Wavelengths reflected by chlorophyll

Answer

Wavelengths independent of visible spectrum

Question 56

Which among the following is not classified as a type of energy?

Accepted Answer

Weight

Answer

Kinetic energy

Answer

Potential energy

Answer

Chemical energy

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a product of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Water

Question 58

Within the cell, respiration primarily takes place in which organelle?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Nucleus

Question 59

Which of the following best describes a key difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Presence of oxygen

Answer

Products produced

Answer

Energy yield

Answer

Location in the cell

Question 60

During cellular respiration, at which stage does the process of glycolysis occur?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 61

What is the main function of lactate dehydrogenase in anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Convert pyruvate to lactate

Answer

Convert glucose to pyruvate

Answer

Generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation

Answer

Remove carbon dioxide from the cell

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT a product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

ATP

Answer

NADPH

Answer

Oxygen

Question 63

How does increasing the temperature generally impact the rate of cellular respiration in most organisms?

Accepted Answer

Increases the rate of cellular respiration

Answer

Decreases the rate of cellular respiration

Answer

Has no effect on the rate of cellular respiration

Question 64

Which law of thermodynamics states that the total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant?

Accepted Answer

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Answer

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics