Anatomy and Physiology Quizzes for Year 7 Physical Education

Question 1

Which hormone plays a key role in promoting muscle growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Question 2

Why is cardiovascular fitness important? How can you improve your cardiovascular health?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular fitness improves overall physical performance and supports healthy brain function.

Accepted Answer

Strategies to improve cardiovascular health include regular exercise, a healthy diet, and managing stress.

Answer

Cardiovascular fitness only benefits heart health and has no impact on other body systems.

Answer

Improving cardiovascular fitness only involves increasing the intensity of physical activity.

Question 3

What is the main purpose of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

To remove waste from cells

Answer

To supply oxygen to cells

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To create hormones

Question 4

What is the primary function of the endocrine system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To produce and release hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and other bodily processes

Answer

To protect the body from infections and diseases

Answer

To control most bodily processes, leaving the endocrine system with no direct role

Question 5

Which type of joint allows for the widest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

B. Ball-and-socket joint (like in the shoulder)

Answer

A. Hinge joint (like a door hinge)

Answer

C. Saddle joint (like in the thumb)

Answer

D. Pivot joint (like in the neck)

Question 6

Which factors have the greatest impact on cardiovascular fitness?

Accepted Answer

Genetics, diet, and physical activity

Answer

Age and gender

Answer

Physical activity and smoking habits

Question 7

How does the respiratory system help keep the body's pH balanced, especially through its role in regulating carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

The respiratory system removes extra carbon dioxide from the blood, helping to maintain pH balance.

Answer

The respiratory system makes acids that neutralize bases in the blood.

Answer

The respiratory system takes in oxygen from the air, which helps regulate pH balance.

Question 8

In the circulatory system, what is the primary function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Filtering waste from the blood and producing urine

Answer

Transporting oxygen and nutrients

Answer

Removing waste through sweat

Answer

Storing waste in the body

Question 9

In the human body, how do the hormones insulin and glucagon work together to control blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon raises blood sugar levels, while insulin lowers blood sugar levels.

Answer

Insulin raises blood sugar levels, while glucagon lowers blood sugar levels.

Answer

Both insulin and glucagon raise blood sugar levels.

Answer

Both insulin and glucagon lower blood sugar levels.

Question 10

How do the structure and function of different types of joints in the human body contribute to their stability and range of motion?

Accepted Answer

The type of connective tissue surrounding a joint affects its stability and range of motion.

Answer

The shape of the bones involved in a joint does not influence its stability or range of motion.

Answer

The presence or absence of muscles has no impact on the stability and range of motion of joints.

Answer

The orientation of a joint, whether it is parallel, perpendicular, or oblique, does not affect its stability or range of motion.

Question 11

Hemostasis involves a series of steps to stop bleeding and repair damaged blood vessels. Which of the following lists the correct order of these steps?

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, clot formation, clot retraction

Answer

Clot retraction, platelet aggregation, clot formation, vasoconstriction

Answer

Platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, clot retraction, clot formation

Answer

Vasoconstriction, clot formation, platelet aggregation, clot retraction

Question 12

Name the three main types of muscle contractions and give an example of each type found in the human body.

Accepted Answer

Isotonic Contractions: Muscles change length while generating force, like when you bend your arm to lift a weight.

Accepted Answer

Isometric Contractions: Muscles exert force without changing length, like when you hold a plank position.

Accepted Answer

Eccentric Contractions: Muscles lengthen while contracting, like when you lower a weight during a squat.

Answer

Isotonic and isometric contractions are the only two types of muscle contractions.

Question 13

How do physical activity and healthy eating habits contribute to a healthy heart and circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Insufficient physical activity and poor nutrition can lead to heart disease.

Answer

Physical activity has no effect on heart health.

Answer

A balanced diet does not affect heart health.

Answer

Physical activity and nutrition are unrelated to heart health.

Question 14

How does your body detect and process the sensation of heat when you touch a hot object?

Accepted Answer

Nerve endings in your skin detect the heat and send electrical signals along nerves to your brain, which interprets the sensation as heat.

Answer

Your brain directly senses the heat, without the involvement of any nerves or sensory receptors.

Answer

Your muscles receive the heat and directly signal your brain to interpret it as a burning sensation.

Answer

Your skin creates an electrical field when touched by heat, which is detected by a special organ in your body that interprets the sensation.

Question 15

Which of these is NOT a type of lever in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Fourth-class lever

Answer

First-class lever

Answer

Second-class lever

Answer

Third-class lever

Question 16

How does oxygen contribute to muscle metabolism, and what energy sources do muscles utilize during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is essential for muscle metabolism, enabling the efficient breakdown of glucose through aerobic respiration to produce ATP, the primary energy currency for muscle activity.

Answer

Oxygen is not involved in muscle metabolism, and muscles rely solely on glucose for energy.

Answer

Muscles primarily use lactic acid as an energy source during activity, and oxygen is not required for this process.

Answer

Muscle metabolism does not involve the utilization of any energy sources or the role of oxygen.

Question 17

Which system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Circulatory System

Answer

Skeletal System

Answer

Muscular System

Answer

Respiratory System

Question 18

In the respiratory system, which part facilitates the exchange of gases with the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Diaphragm

Question 19

What do the baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch help regulate?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure and heart rate

Answer

Blood volume and blood flow

Answer

Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood

Answer

Blood pH and glucose levels

Question 20

Which of the following is **not** a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen and nutrients

Answer

Providing support to the body

Answer

Protecting internal organs

Answer

Storing minerals

Question 21

Which type of muscle is responsible for movement that is under conscious control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Involuntary muscle

Question 22

What is the process by which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released called?

Accepted Answer

Respiration

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 23

Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Veins and capillaries

Question 24

Which muscle contracts to bend the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Answer

Triceps brachii

Answer

Deltoid

Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 25

What type of joint allows for the widest range of movement in multiple directions?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 26

Which of these is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells

Answer

Providing support for the body

Answer

Protecting internal organs

Answer

Enabling movement

Question 27

What is the name of the process by which we breathe in and out?

Accepted Answer

Respiration

Answer

Circulation

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Excretion

Question 28

Which organ filters blood and produces urine?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Liver

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Heart

Question 29

Which of these is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells

Answer

Providing support and protection for the body

Answer

Facilitating movement

Answer

Storing minerals such as calcium and phosphorus

Question 30

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To filter waste products from the blood

Answer

To produce hormones

Question 31

Which component of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen to different parts of the body?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells

Answer

Plasma

Answer

White blood cells

Answer

Platelets

Question 32

What is the main difference between arteries and veins?

Accepted Answer

Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Answer

Veins carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while arteries carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Answer

Arteries have thicker walls than veins

Answer

Veins have thicker walls than arteries

Question 33

Which bone in the human body is the longest?

Accepted Answer

Femur (thigh bone)

Answer

Humerus (upper arm bone)

Answer

Tibia (shin bone)

Answer

Fibula (lower leg bone)

Question 34

What is the main function of the diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

To control breathing by contracting and relaxing

Answer

To separate the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

Answer

To pump blood throughout the body

Answer

To produce bile for digestion

Question 35

Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating movement and balance?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Brainstem

Answer

Thalamus

Question 36

What is the name of the hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 37

Which of the following is a recommended way to improve your heart health?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in regular physical activity

Answer

Consuming a diet high in saturated fats

Answer

Smoking cigarettes

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Question 38

Which of the following is **not** a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Support and structure

Answer

Protection of organs

Answer

Movement

Question 39

What type of muscle enables us to move our body intentionally?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Visceral muscle

Question 40

What is the main purpose of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Exchanging gases

Answer

Transporting blood

Answer

Breaking down food

Answer

Eliminating waste

Question 41

Which of these is the largest artery in the body?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

Carotid artery

Answer

Femoral artery

Question 42

What is the main role of white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Fighting infections

Answer

Transporting oxygen

Answer

Pumping blood

Answer

Producing antibodies

Question 43

Which of these joints offers the greatest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 44

Which of these is **not** a symptom of a heart attack?

Accepted Answer

Stomach upset

Answer

Chest pain

Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Pain in the left arm

Question 45

What process breaks down food into nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Circulation

Answer

Excretion

Question 46

Which of these is the longest bone in the body?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Answer

Tibia

Answer

Humerus

Answer

Clavicle

Question 47

Which of these is NOT a job of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Digesting food

Answer

Swapping gases

Answer

Keeping us warm

Answer

Getting rid of waste

Question 48

Which of these is NOT part of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Blood vessels

Answer

Brain

Answer

Spinal cord

Answer

Nerves

Question 49

What type of tissue lines the inside of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Answer

Connective tissue

Answer

Muscle tissue

Answer

Nervous tissue

Question 50

What is the main job of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

To filter waste from the blood

Answer

To control blood pressure

Answer

To make hormones

Answer

To store glucose

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle?

Accepted Answer

Voluntary

Answer

Skeletal

Answer

Cardiac

Answer

Smooth

Question 52

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen and nutrients throughout the body

Answer

To produce hormones

Answer

To protect the body from infections

Answer

To help us move around

Question 53

Which is the largest organ in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Skin

Answer

Liver

Answer

Heart

Answer

Brain

Question 54

What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

To filter blood

Answer

To break down food

Answer

To allow us to move

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a component of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Tendons

Answer

Bones

Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Ligaments

Question 56

What is the main job of tendons?

Accepted Answer

To connect muscles to bones

Answer

To store energy

Answer

To create movement

Answer

To protect organs

Question 57

What is the name of the largest artery in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Carotid artery

Answer

Femoral artery

Answer

Popliteal artery

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Aiding in digestion

Answer

Providing support to the body

Answer

Protecting internal organs

Answer

Enabling movement

Question 59

Which muscle type is responsible for voluntary movements like walking and writing?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Involuntary muscle

Question 60

What process involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body?

Accepted Answer

Respiration

Answer

Circulation

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Digestion

Question 61

What type of joint allows for the most extensive range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 62

What is the primary role of the pancreas in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Producing enzymes to break down food

Answer

Storing bile for fat digestion

Answer

Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

Answer

Regulating blood sugar levels

Question 63

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of regular exercise?

Accepted Answer

Higher levels of cholesterol

Answer

Improved heart health

Answer

Reduced risk of becoming overweight or obese

Answer

Increased muscle strength

Question 64

What is the main difference between an artery and a vein?

Accepted Answer

Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood, while veins carry oxygen-poor blood

Answer

Arteries carry oxygen-poor blood, while veins carry oxygen-rich blood

Answer

Arteries have thicker walls than veins

Answer

Veins have thicker walls than arteries