Cell Division Quizzes: Master the Fundamentals of Cell Growth and Reproduction

Question 1

In which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spindle apparatus during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Organizing the cytoplasm

Answer

Separating sister chromatids

Answer

Aligning chromosomes at the metaphase plate

Answer

Segregating chromosomes into daughter cells

Question 3

In which phase of the cell cycle is the genetic material duplicated?

Accepted Answer

S

Answer

G1

Answer

G2

Answer

M

Question 4

Which of the following disorders is caused by an error in meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Huntington's disease

Answer

Thalassemia

Question 5

Which of the following techniques can be used to visualize and study mitosis in living cells?

Accepted Answer

Light microscopy

Answer

Electron microscopy

Answer

Cytogenetic analysis

Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear envelope remains intact

Answer

Chromosomes become visible

Answer

Sister chromatids separate

Answer

Cytoplasm is divided into two daughter cells

Question 7

What is the role of crossing over in meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Increases genetic variation in gametes

Answer

Ensures equal distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells

Answer

Facilitates the separation of sister chromatids

Answer

Prevents the formation of aneuploid gametes

Question 8

What is the name of the structure that connects sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

Centromere

Answer

Telomere

Answer

Kinetochore

Answer

Centrosome

Question 9

Which stage is NOT included in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 10

During which stage of cell division do homologous chromosomes align at the equator of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Telophase I

Question 11

What is the primary function of the spindle fibers during cell division?

Accepted Answer

To separate chromosomes

Answer

To synthesize DNA

Answer

To regulate gene expression

Answer

To transport materials within the cell

Question 12

Which characteristic is commonly associated with cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled cell division

Answer

Increased cell adhesion

Answer

Enhanced apoptosis

Answer

Reduced invasiveness

Question 13

What is the role of cyclins in regulating the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Activate cyclin-dependent kinases

Answer

Inhibit cyclin-dependent kinases

Answer

Control the expression of cell cycle genes

Answer

Bind to DNA and promote transcription

Question 14

What is the primary function of centrioles during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Organize spindle fibers

Answer

Condense chromosomes

Answer

Distribute genetic material

Answer

Maintain cell shape

Question 15

Which of the following describes the significance of crossing-over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Increases genetic diversity among offspring

Answer

Ensures equal distribution of chromosomes

Answer

Prevents mutations

Answer

Facilitates chromosome condensation

Question 16

At what stage of mitosis do the chromosomes align in a single plane along the metaphase plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 17

Which aspect is NOT a distinction between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Involvement in growth and repair of tissues

Answer

Number of daughter cells produced

Answer

Occurrence in somatic vs. gamete cells

Answer

Synapsis of homologous chromosomes

Question 18

Which structure is unique to meiosis and not involved in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Synaptonemal complex

Answer

Centrioles

Answer

Spindle fibers

Answer

Nucleolus

Question 19

What is the primary significance of genetic recombination through crossing over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Enhances genetic diversity in offspring

Answer

Ensures each gamete receives a full set of chromosomes

Answer

Promotes cell repair mechanisms

Answer

Facilitates cell growth and proliferation

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of abnormal cell division?

Accepted Answer

Increased longevity

Answer

Cancer development

Answer

Birth defects

Answer

Miscarriages

Question 21

What is the main purpose of cell cycle checkpoints?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring cell growth and preventing uncontrolled division

Answer

Repairing damaged DNA

Answer

Synthesizing new proteins

Answer

Regulating gene transcription

Question 22

Which factor does NOT contribute to abnormal cell division?

Accepted Answer

Balanced nutrition

Answer

DNA damage

Answer

Mutations

Answer

Viral infections

Question 23

Which of the following accurately represents the sequential stages of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Answer

Metaphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase

Answer

Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase

Answer

Telophase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase

Question 24

During which phase of meiosis does the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes occur?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Telophase I

Question 25

Which of the following is not a primary function of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Maintenance of genetic stability

Answer

Reduction of chromosome number

Answer

Enhancement of genetic diversity

Answer

Production of gametes

Question 26

What is the primary purpose of cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Division of cytoplasm and organelles

Answer

Separation of chromosomes

Answer

Preparation for mitosis

Answer

Repair of damaged DNA

Question 27

During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 28

How does the precise duplication of chromosomes in the S phase contribute to accurate cell division?

Accepted Answer

Ensures proper segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.

Answer

Facilitates cell growth before division.

Answer

Prevents premature entry into mitosis or meiosis.

Question 29

Which characteristic is **NOT** specific to mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over

Answer

Formation of two identical daughter cells

Answer

Condensation of chromosomes

Answer

Disintegration of the nuclear envelope

Question 30

During which stage of mitosis do the duplicated chromosomes align at the center of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 31

What is the main benefit of crossing over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Creation of new gene combinations

Answer

Prevention of chromosome segregation errors

Answer

Increase in chromosome number

Answer

Repair of DNA damage

Question 32

Which of the following describes the genetic makeup of a zygote resulting from sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Diploid and heterozygous

Answer

Diploid and homozygous

Answer

Haploid and heterozygous

Answer

Haploid and homozygous

Question 33

Which of the following is a type of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Mitosis

Question 34

Which of the following is a checkpoint in the cell cycle that occurs before DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

G1 checkpoint

Answer

M checkpoint

Answer

S checkpoint

Answer

G2 checkpoint

Question 35

What is the primary role of the mitotic spindle?

Accepted Answer

To separate chromosomes during cell division.

Answer

To destroy the nuclear membrane.

Answer

To synthesize new DNA molecules.

Answer

To regulate gene expression.

Question 36

What is the significance of crossing-over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

It increases genetic diversity in offspring.

Answer

It repairs damaged chromosomes.

Answer

It ensures that each gamete receives a full set of chromosomes.

Answer

It reduces the number of chromosomes by half.

Question 37

Which of the following is a type of cell division that results in the production of a single daughter cell?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Question 38

What is the role of telomerase in cell division?

Accepted Answer

It prevents the shortening of telomeres, which can lead to cellular senescence.

Answer

It synthesizes new DNA molecules.

Answer

It initiates the assembly of the mitotic spindle.

Question 39

During mitosis, what is the primary function of spindle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Arrange and separate sister chromatids during cell division

Answer

Synthesize new genetic material

Answer

Condense and package DNA into chromosomes

Answer

Control gene expression

Question 40

Which of the following division processes produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Binary fission

Question 41

What is the key difference between homologous and sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromatids originate from different parents, while sister chromatids are identical copies within a chromosome.

Answer

Sister chromatids are more condensed than homologous chromatids.

Answer

Homologous chromatids are shorter than sister chromatids.

Question 42

In plant cells, which of the following structures is not involved in cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Centrosomes

Answer

Cell plate

Answer

Phragmoplast

Answer

Cleavage furrow

Question 43

Which of the following events is characteristic of prophase I in meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosomes pair and undergo genetic exchange

Answer

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles

Answer

Chromosomes align along the cell's equator

Question 44

Which of the following is not a stage of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interkinesis

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 45

During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Telophase I

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Question 46

What is the primary function of cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

To divide the cytoplasm and organelles into two new daughter cells.

Answer

To condense and separate chromosomes.

Answer

To form the nuclear envelope around the chromosomes.

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Controlled cell division

Answer

Metastasis

Answer

Formation of tumors

Answer

Rapid cell division

Question 48

What is the role of spindle fibers in cell division?

Accepted Answer

To move and separate chromosomes during cell division.

Answer

To synthesize new DNA

Answer

To form the nuclear envelope

Answer

To package proteins

Question 49

Which of the following events typically occurs during interphase?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication

Answer

Spindle fiber formation

Answer

Nuclear envelope breakdown

Answer

Chromosome condensation

Question 50

Which type of cell division is responsible for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Answer

Meiosis

Question 51

Explain the significance of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis.

Accepted Answer

It increases genetic diversity in offspring through the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

Answer

It ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.

Answer

It prevents homologous chromosomes from pairing up.