Introduction to Exercise Physiology: Master the Basics for Physical Education

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a principle of exercise adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Motivation

Answer

Specificity

Answer

Reversibility

Answer

Overload

Question 2

What is the name of the energy system that is primarily responsible for providing energy during short-duration, high-intensity exercise?

Accepted Answer

Phosphocreatine system

Answer

Glycogen-lactic acid system

Answer

Oxidative system

Answer

Aerobic system

Question 3

What is the name of the muscle fibre type that is best suited for short-duration, high-intensity exercise?

Accepted Answer

Type IIb

Answer

Type I

Answer

Type IIa

Answer

Type IIx

Question 4

The process by which the body converts food into energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Catabolism

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 5

Which exercise mode is most effective for improving flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Yoga

Answer

Weightlifting

Answer

Running

Answer

Cycling

Question 6

The FITT principle is used to design:

Accepted Answer

Exercise programs

Answer

Nutrition plans

Answer

Recovery strategies

Answer

Training schedules

Question 7

What is the term for the combined increase in stroke volume and heart rate observed during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Cardiac hypertrophy

Answer

Cardiac dilatation

Answer

Cardiac reserve

Question 8

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the rate of oxygen consumption during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Level of hydration

Answer

Exercise intensity

Answer

Exercise duration

Answer

Body mass

Question 9

What is the term for the gradual increase in exercise intensity and duration over time?

Accepted Answer

Progression

Answer

Periodisation

Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Training effect

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of regular exercise?

Accepted Answer

Impaired cognitive function

Answer

Improved cardiovascular health

Answer

Reduced risk of obesity

Answer

Increased muscle strength

Question 11

What is the role of lactate in the body during exercise?

Accepted Answer

A metabolic byproduct that can be used as an energy source

Answer

A hormone that stimulates muscle growth

Answer

A neurotransmitter that reduces fatigue

Answer

A waste product that must be excreted immediately

Question 12

How does the sympathetic nervous system primarily affect your heart and blood vessels during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increases heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

Decreases heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

Decreases resistance in all blood vessels

Answer

Increases blood thickness

Question 13

Which of the following is a key principle of exercise physiology?

Accepted Answer

Exploring the acute and chronic physiological responses to exercise

Answer

Examining the psychological effects of exercise

Answer

Analyzing the nutritional impact of exercise on performance

Answer

Investigating the biomechanical factors influencing movement

Question 14

What is the primary role of the respiratory system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

To regulate blood pH

Answer

To filter the air entering the lungs

Answer

To produce hormones

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a physiological response to acute exercise?

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstriction in active muscles

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Increased oxygen consumption

Answer

Dilatation of small airways

Question 16

Which of the following is an adaptation to regular endurance training?

Accepted Answer

Increased capillary density

Answer

Enhanced parasympathetic nervous system activity

Answer

Reduced muscle mass

Answer

Decreased blood volume

Question 17

What is the primary function of the circulatory system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen to working muscles

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To remove waste products

Answer

To maintain blood pressure

Question 18

What is the primary role of the respiratory system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

To exchange gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Answer

To maintain body temperature

Answer

To filter the blood

Answer

To produce energy

Question 19

What is the recommended amount of fluid intake before exercise?

Accepted Answer

1-1.5 liters

Answer

500-750ml

Answer

2-3 liters

Answer

4 or more liters

Question 20

How does nutrition influence exercise metabolism and performance?

Accepted Answer

It provides energy sources and enhances recovery, improving exercise performance.

Answer

It has no significant impact on exercise metabolism or performance.

Answer

It negatively affects exercise performance by limiting energy production and impairing muscle recovery.

Answer

It positively impacts only endurance performance but not strength performance.

Question 21

What is the main role of the sympathetic nervous system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increase heart rate and blood pressure to deliver more oxygen and nutrients to muscles

Answer

Dilate blood vessels in active muscles to enhance blood flow

Answer

Stimulate the release of glucose from the liver to provide energy

Answer

Promote rest and recovery after exercise

Question 22

What is the term for the physiological point at which the body reaches its maximum capacity for oxygen consumption?

Accepted Answer

VO2 max

Answer

Aerobic threshold

Answer

Anaerobic threshold

Answer

Lactate threshold

Question 23

What is the primary function of the respiratory system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange (oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal)

Answer

Regulation of body temperature through sweating and evaporation

Answer

pH balance maintenance

Answer

Waste removal

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a well-established benefit associated with regular exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased body fat storage

Answer

Improved cardiovascular health

Answer

Reduced risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Enhanced mood and cognitive function

Question 25

Which hormone is primarily responsible for mobilizing glucose stores during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Testosterone

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a component of the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Lymph nodes

Answer

Heart

Answer

Blood vessels

Answer

Blood

Question 27

The primary organ responsible for gas exchange in the respiratory system is the:

Accepted Answer

Lungs

Answer

Heart

Answer

Liver

Answer

Kidneys

Question 28

The increase in heart rate during exercise is primarily attributed to:

Accepted Answer

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Reduced blood volume

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a respiratory adaptation to exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Increased respiratory rate

Answer

Increased oxygen uptake

Question 30

Which type of training is most effective for improving muscular endurance?

Accepted Answer

Progressive resistance training

Answer

High-intensity interval training (HIIT)

Answer

Continuous aerobic training

Answer

Flexibility training

Question 31

The primary energy system responsible for fueling high-intensity exercise lasting less than 10 seconds is the:

Accepted Answer

Phosphocreatine system

Answer

Glycogen-lactic acid system

Answer

Oxidative system

Answer

Lipolytic system

Question 32

Which components are all essential for a balanced and comprehensive exercise program?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and flexibility exercises

Answer

Aerobic exercise only

Answer

Resistance exercise only

Answer

Aerobic exercise and flexibility exercises

Question 33

VO2 max is a measure of:

Accepted Answer

Maximum oxygen consumption during exercise

Answer

Maximum heart rate achieved during exercise

Answer

Maximum lactate threshold reached during exercise

Answer

Minimum oxygen consumption required for rest

Question 34

Which type of injury is often caused by repetitive strain or overuse?

Accepted Answer

Tendonitis

Answer

Sprains

Answer

Muscle strains

Answer

Fractures

Question 35

Which of the following is the primary energy source for short-term, explosive exercise?

Accepted Answer

Phosphocreatine and ATP

Answer

Fats

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Glycogen

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a determinant of the anaerobic threshold?

Accepted Answer

Body mass index

Answer

Training status

Answer

Muscle fiber composition

Answer

Lactate tolerance

Question 37

The adaptation characterized by increased mitochondrial density within muscle fibers is known as:

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrial biogenesis

Answer

Capillary angiogenesis

Answer

Myofibrillar hypertrophy

Answer

Hyperplasia

Question 38

The process by which lactate is converted back to glucose in the liver is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cori cycle

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 39

The principle of 'overload' in exercise prescription refers to:

Accepted Answer

Gradually increasing the intensity, duration, or frequency of exercise over time

Answer

Exercising at a level that is too challenging

Answer

Training to failure

Answer

Resting sufficiently between exercise sessions

Question 40

The concept of 'homeostasis' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes

Answer

The process of adapting to exercise

Answer

The regulation of body temperature

Answer

The use of energy during exercise