Temperature and Thermal Properties: Interactive Quizzes for Year 12 Physics

Question 1

Which temperature scale is considered an absolute scale, where the zero point indicates the complete absence of thermal energy?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Celsius

Answer

Fahrenheit

Answer

Rankine

Question 2

When a metal rod is heated at a constant pressure, what type of thermal expansion will it experience?

Accepted Answer

Volumetric expansion, in all directions.

Answer

Linear expansion, in all directions.

Answer

Expansion in length only.

Answer

It will not expand.

Question 3

The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 degree Celsius.

Answer

The amount of heat energy released when 1 kg of the substance cools by 1 degree Celsius.

Answer

The ratio of the heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance to the mass of the substance.

Answer

The product of the mass and temperature of a substance.

Question 4

The latent heat of fusion for water is 334 kJ/kg. This means that:

Accepted Answer

334 kJ of heat energy is required to melt 1 kg of ice at 0 degrees Celsius.

Answer

334 kJ of heat energy is released when 1 kg of water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.

Answer

334 kJ of heat energy is required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water from 0 degrees Celsius to 1 degree Celsius.

Answer

334 kJ of heat energy is released when 1 kg of water cools from 1 degree Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius.

Question 5

Which of the following materials typically has the highest thermal conductivity?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Wood

Answer

Rubber

Answer

Glass

Question 6

When a solid is subjected to a temperature increase, thermal expansion is a typical response. Which of the following factors does not influence the extent of thermal expansion exhibited by the solid?

Accepted Answer

Shape of the object

Answer

Nature of the material

Answer

Magnitude of temperature change

Answer

External pressure applied

Question 7

Thermal conductivity, a measure of a material's ability to transfer heat, is a crucial property in various applications. Which of the following materials exhibits the highest thermal conductivity?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Glass

Answer

Wood

Answer

Rubber

Question 8

Thermal expansion, a phenomenon observed in materials when their temperature changes, can have practical implications. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of thermal expansion?

Accepted Answer

Efficient cooling of car engines

Answer

Buckling of railway tracks during夏季

Answer

Expansion and contraction of bridge structures

Answer

Release of steam from safety valves in pressure cookers

Question 9

State the SI unit of temperature.

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Celsius

Answer

Fahrenheit

Answer

Rankine

Question 10

Which process involves absorbing heat?

Accepted Answer

Melting

Answer

Freezing

Answer

Condensation

Answer

Evaporation

Question 11

What component is NOT essential for the operation of a heat pump?

Accepted Answer

Perfect insulator

Answer

Working fluid

Answer

Compressor

Answer

Expansion valve

Question 12

Identify a material typically used as a thermal insulator.

Accepted Answer

Fiberglass

Answer

Copper

Answer

Water

Answer

Concrete

Question 13

What is the unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin (K)

Answer

Celsius (℃)

Answer

Fahrenheit (°F)

Answer

Rankine (°R)

Question 14

Which of the following is true for a substance with a high specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Requires more energy to change its temperature

Answer

Heats up quickly

Answer

Cools down quickly

Answer

Loses heat easily

Question 15

The conversion of a liquid to a gas is a process called:

Accepted Answer

Endothermic change

Answer

Exothermic change

Answer

Adiabatic change

Answer

Isothermal change

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT affect the thermal conductivity of a material?

Accepted Answer

Shape

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Density

Answer

Molecular structure

Question 17

What is a thermometer designed to measure?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Answer

Thermal conductivity

Answer

Specific heat capacity

Question 18

What is the Celsius equivalent of -40°F on a Fahrenheit thermometer?

Accepted Answer

-18°C

Answer

-40°C

Answer

-273°C

Answer

40°C

Question 19

Which type of heat transfer involves the movement of a fluid?

Accepted Answer

Convection

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Radiation

Answer

Sublimation

Question 20

Define the latent heat of vaporization for a substance.

Accepted Answer

The amount of heat required to change a unit mass of the substance from a liquid to a gas

Answer

The amount of heat released when a unit mass of the substance condenses from a gas to a liquid

Answer

The amount of heat required to change a unit mass of the substance from a solid to a liquid

Answer

The amount of heat released when a unit mass of the substance solidifies from a liquid to a solid

Question 21

A refrigerator maintains a temperature of 5°C inside while the surrounding temperature is 25°C. Which heat transfer processes are primarily responsible for the cooling effect?

Accepted Answer

Convection and conduction

Answer

Convection only

Answer

Conduction only

Answer

Radiation only

Question 22

When two systems are in thermal equilibrium, what can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

They have the same temperature.

Answer

They have different temperatures.

Answer

There is a net flow of heat between them.

Answer

They are in physical contact.

Question 23

In a metal rod with one end heated, heat is transferred along the rod primarily through:

Accepted Answer

Conduction

Answer

Convection

Answer

Radiation

Answer

Both conduction and radiation

Question 24

What is the theoretical maximum efficiency of a heat engine operating between two reservoirs at different temperatures?

Accepted Answer

Carnot efficiency

Answer

100%

Answer

50%

Answer

25%

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a unit used to measure temperature?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Celsius

Answer

Fahrenheit

Answer

Kelvin

Question 26

What happens when a gas is heated at constant volume?

Accepted Answer

Its pressure increases.

Answer

Its volume increases.

Answer

Its temperature decreases.

Answer

Its density increases.

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT related to thermal expansion?

Accepted Answer

The movement of tectonic plates

Answer

The expansion of bridges during hot summer days

Answer

The cracking of glass when exposed to sudden temperature changes

Answer

The rise of hot air balloons

Question 28

Identify the material with the highest specific heat capacity.

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Copper

Answer

Iron

Answer

Lead

Question 29

During a phase change, what occurs to the temperature of the substance?

Accepted Answer

Remains constant

Answer

Increases

Answer

Decreases

Answer

Varies randomly

Question 30

In the context of thermal radiation, which surface absorbs more heat: black or white?

Accepted Answer

Black

Answer

White

Question 31

A heat engine operates between a hot reservoir at 600 K and a cold reservoir at 300 K. Calculate the maximum possible efficiency of this heat engine.

Accepted Answer

25%

Answer

50%

Answer

75%

Answer

100%

Question 32

Which temperature scale defines the freezing point of water as 0° and the boiling point of water as 100°?

Accepted Answer

Celsius scale

Answer

Kelvin scale

Answer

Fahrenheit scale

Answer

Rankine scale

Question 33

A metal rod of length 50 cm experiences a change in length of 0.2 cm when its temperature increases by 40 °C. Calculate the coefficient of linear expansion of the metal.

Accepted Answer

2 × 10^-5 /°C

Answer

2 × 10^-6 /°C

Answer

2 × 10^-4 /°C

Answer

2 × 10^-3 /°C

Question 34

Which of the following substances has the highest specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Aluminium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Wood

Question 35

During the phase change from liquid to gas, a substance absorbs heat without a change in temperature. This heat is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Latent heat

Answer

Sensible heat

Answer

Specific heat

Answer

Calorific value

Question 36

The boiling point of a liquid is affected by:

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Answer

Volume

Answer

Surface area

Answer

Viscosity

Question 37

Which of the following processes is exothermic?

Accepted Answer

Combustion

Answer

Freezing

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Melting

Question 38

In a calorimetric experiment, the calorimeter constant represents:

Accepted Answer

The heat capacity of the calorimeter

Answer

The mass of the calorimeter

Answer

The surface area of the calorimeter

Answer

The thermal conductivity of the calorimeter

Question 39

Which of the following materials is a good conductor of heat?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Rubber

Answer

Wood

Answer

Plastic

Question 40

Which of the following temperature scales is an absolute temperature scale?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Celsius

Answer

Rankine

Answer

Fahrenheit

Question 41

Which of the following substances has the highest specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Iron

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Copper

Question 42

Which of the following processes is exothermic?

Accepted Answer

Combustion

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Melting

Answer

Condensation

Question 43

Which of the following factors affects the rate of heat transfer by conduction?

Accepted Answer

Temperature gradient

Answer

Volume

Answer

Humidity

Answer

Pressure

Question 44

A blackbody is an object that:

Accepted Answer

Absorbs and emits all electromagnetic radiation

Answer

Only visible light

Answer

Only infrared radiation

Question 45

Which temperature scale is defined by the triple point of water, where ice floats in equilibrium with liquid water and water vapor?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Celsius

Answer

Rankine

Answer

Fahrenheit

Question 46

Which substance has the highest specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Air

Answer

Iron

Question 47

Which material is a good thermal insulator?

Accepted Answer

Styrofoam

Answer

Copper

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Water

Question 48

When a hot metal object is placed in a cold water bath, heat flows:

Accepted Answer

From the metal object to the water

Answer

From the water to the metal object

Answer

Not at all

Answer

Equally in both directions

Question 49

Which device operates based on the principle of thermal expansion?

Accepted Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Barometer

Answer

Voltmeter

Answer

Anemometer

Question 50

What does the thermal conductivity of a material measure?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to conduct heat

Answer

Its ability to store heat

Answer

Its ability to generate heat