Chemistry in the Environment: Impact and Solutions | GCSE & A-Level Revision

Question 1

Which of the following substances does NOT contribute to the greenhouse effect?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Methane

Answer

Water vapor

Question 2

What is the main cause of acid rain?

Accepted Answer

Burning of fossil fuels

Answer

Emissions from volcanic eruptions

Answer

Agricultural activities

Answer

Deforestation

Question 3

What is the primary role of microorganisms in bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

Degrading pollutants into harmless substances

Answer

Absorbing and accumulating contaminants

Answer

Creating new chemical compounds

Answer

Producing enzymes that catalyze reactions

Question 4

Which of the following is a significant greenhouse gas emitted by human activities?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Hydrogen

Question 5

Which of the following is a renewable energy source?

Accepted Answer

Solar power

Answer

Coal

Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Nuclear power

Question 6

What process do plants use to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Combustion

Answer

Decomposition

Question 7

Which of the following materials is biodegradable?

Accepted Answer

Paper

Answer

Plastic

Answer

Glass

Answer

Metal

Question 8

What is the main purpose of the catalytic converter in car engines?

Accepted Answer

To reduce harmful gas emissions

Answer

To enhance fuel efficiency

Answer

To optimize engine performance

Answer

To minimize noise pollution

Question 9

Identify the primary source of sulfur dioxide pollution in the United Kingdom, which can contribute to air pollution and respiratory issues.

Accepted Answer

Industrial processes

Answer

Power plants

Answer

Vehicles

Answer

Agriculture

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a biodegradable pollutant that can decompose naturally in the environment?

Accepted Answer

Paper

Answer

Plastic bags

Answer

Heavy metals

Answer

DDT

Question 11

Identify the main factor responsible for the acidification of lakes and rivers, leading to ecological damage.

Accepted Answer

Acid rain

Answer

Eutrophication

Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Overfishing

Question 12

Which of the following is a renewable energy source that does not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions?

Accepted Answer

Solar power

Answer

Coal

Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Nuclear power

Question 13

What is the main component of photochemical smog, which is a major air pollutant in urban areas?

Accepted Answer

Ozone

Answer

Carbon monoxide

Answer

Sulfur dioxide

Answer

Nitrogen oxides

Question 14

What is the main cause of ozone depletion in the stratosphere?

Accepted Answer

Emission of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Answer

Burning of fossil fuels

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Answer

Solar flares

Question 15

Which of the following is a biodegradable material?

Accepted Answer

Paper

Answer

DDT

Answer

Plastic

Answer

Dioxin

Question 16

What is the process by which bacteria decompose organic matter into carbon dioxide and water?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Question 17

Which of the following is a source of renewable energy?

Accepted Answer

Solar energy

Answer

Coal

Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Nuclear energy

Question 18

What is the primary function of catalytic converters in vehicles?

Accepted Answer

Reduce toxic emissions

Answer

Increase fuel efficiency

Answer

Boost engine performance

Answer

Generate electricity

Question 19

Which waste management method is most effective in minimizing the buildup of non-biodegradable waste in the environment?

Accepted Answer

Recycling

Answer

Landfill disposal

Answer

Incineration

Answer

Composting

Question 20

Which of the following is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for climate change?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Helium

Question 21

The emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the atmosphere can contribute to the formation of:

Accepted Answer

Acid rain

Answer

Global warming

Answer

Eutrophication

Answer

Ozone depletion

Question 22

Which of the following energy sources is considered renewable?

Accepted Answer

Solar power

Answer

Coal

Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Nuclear power

Question 23

The process of removing hazardous substances from contaminated environments, such as soil or water, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Bioremediation

Answer

Incineration

Answer

Recycling

Answer

Composting

Question 24

The Stockholm Convention primarily focuses on regulating the production and use of:

Accepted Answer

Persistent organic pollutants

Answer

Greenhouse gases

Answer

Heavy metals

Answer

Acid rain

Question 25

The Haber-Bosch process is primarily used for the production of:

Accepted Answer

Ammonia

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Water

Question 26

The Montreal Protocol was established to address the issue of:

Accepted Answer

Ozone depletion

Answer

Global warming

Answer

Water pollution

Answer

Deforestation

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas released by human activities?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur dioxide

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Methane

Answer

Nitrous oxide

Question 28

What is the main cause of acid rain?

Accepted Answer

Release of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere

Answer

Deposition of dry acid particles

Answer

Reaction of water vapor with ozone

Answer

Condensation of water vapor

Question 29

Which of the following is a renewable energy source that does not emit greenhouse gases?

Accepted Answer

Solar energy

Answer

Coal

Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Nuclear power

Question 30

What is the primary function of catalytic converters in reducing air pollution?

Accepted Answer

Converting harmful pollutants into less harmful substances

Answer

Trapping particulate matter

Answer

Increasing fuel efficiency

Answer

Improving engine performance

Question 31

Which of the following is a biodegradable pollutant that can break down naturally over time?

Accepted Answer

Paper

Answer

DDT

Answer

Mercury

Answer

Plastic

Question 32

What is the main component of photochemical smog?

Accepted Answer

Ozone

Answer

Sulfur dioxide

Answer

Carbon monoxide

Answer

Nitrogen dioxide

Question 33

What is the primary goal of the Montreal Protocol?

Accepted Answer

Reduce emissions of ozone-depleting substances

Answer

Promote the use of renewable energy sources

Answer

Limit the release of greenhouse gases

Answer

Control acid rain

Question 34

Which of the following is a critical factor in developing sustainable solutions to environmental problems?

Accepted Answer

Balancing environmental, economic, and social considerations

Answer

Focusing solely on short-term gains

Answer

Ignoring the needs of future generations

Answer

Relying exclusively on government regulations

Question 35

What is the main purpose of bioremediation in environmental cleanup?

Accepted Answer

Using microorganisms to break down pollutants

Answer

Extracting pollutants from the environment

Answer

Incinerating pollutants

Answer

Landfilling pollutants

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a major greenhouse gas contributing to climate change?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Nitrous oxide

Answer

Methane

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 37

The primary cause of acid rain is:

Accepted Answer

Emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Answer

Ozone and particulate matter

Answer

CFCs and HCFCs

Answer

Carbon monoxide and methane

Question 38

The main function of catalytic converters in cars is to reduce emissions of:

Accepted Answer

Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides

Answer

Methane and nitrous oxide

Answer

Ozone and CFCs

Answer

Sulfur dioxide and particulate matter

Question 39

The process through which plants utilize sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose is known as:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Combustion

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Respiration

Question 40

Which of the following is a sustainable and renewable energy source that does NOT produce greenhouse gas emissions?

Accepted Answer

Solar energy

Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Coal

Answer

Petroleum

Question 41

The primary function of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere is to:

Accepted Answer

Absorb and scatter harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth

Answer

Provide oxygen for respiration

Answer

Regulate the Earth's temperature

Question 42

Which of the following is a major pollutant that contributes to the degradation of water quality in lakes and rivers?

Accepted Answer

Eutrophication caused by excessive nutrient runoff

Answer

Soil erosion

Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Climate change

Question 43

The main component of natural gas, the primary constituent of household fuel, is:

Accepted Answer

Methane

Answer

Propane

Answer

Ethane

Answer

Butane

Question 44

A potential environmental concern associated with fracking, a method of extracting natural gas from rock formations, is:

Accepted Answer

Contamination of groundwater with chemicals and methane

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Soil erosion

Answer

Deforestation