Geomorphology Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of Landforms and Landscapes

Question 1

The term 'delta' refers to:

Accepted Answer

A fan-shaped deposit of sediment at the mouth of a river

Answer

A coastal plain formed by the erosion of cliffs

Answer

A landform created by volcanic activity

Answer

A type of tectonic plate boundary

Question 2

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a shield volcano?

Accepted Answer

Broad, gently sloping sides

Answer

Steep slopes

Answer

Central crater

Answer

Explosive eruptions

Question 3

The process by which wind erodes and transports loose sediment is known as:

Accepted Answer

Aeolian erosion

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Deflation

Answer

Attrition

Question 4

Which of the following landforms is NOT formed by glacial erosion?

Accepted Answer

Sand dune

Answer

Cirque

Answer

U-shaped valley

Answer

Moraine

Question 5

The term 'karst landscape' refers to a landscape that has been:

Accepted Answer

Dissolved by water

Answer

Deposited by glaciers

Answer

Eroded by wind

Answer

Created by volcanoes

Question 6

Which of the following is a type of tectonic plate boundary where two plates are moving apart?

Accepted Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Transform boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Question 7

The study of the evolution of landforms over time is known as:

Accepted Answer

Geomorphology

Answer

Geochronology

Answer

Paleogeography

Answer

Tectonics

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a type of mass movement?

Accepted Answer

Saltation

Answer

Creep

Answer

Solifluction

Answer

Slump

Question 9

Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of oxbow lakes?

Accepted Answer

Lateral erosion and deposition by a meandering river

Answer

Glacial erosion

Answer

Coastal erosion

Answer

Tectonic activity

Question 10

What is the main difference between a moraine and an esker?

Accepted Answer

Moraines are unsorted deposits formed directly by a glacier, while eskers are sorted and stratified deposits formed by meltwater.

Answer

Eskers are unsorted deposits formed directly by a glacier, while moraines are sorted and stratified deposits formed by meltwater.

Answer

Moraines are deposited by glaciers, while eskers are deposited by wind.

Answer

Eskers are deposited by glaciers, while moraines are deposited by wind.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a constructive landform?

Accepted Answer

Sand dune

Answer

Canyon

Answer

Valley

Answer

Escarpment

Question 12

Which of the following processes involves the removal and transportation of weathered material?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Lithification

Question 13

The formation of a meander is primarily attributed to:

Accepted Answer

Lateral erosion

Answer

Hydraulic action

Answer

Corrasion

Answer

Attrition

Question 14

The weathering process that involves the decomposition of rocks due to chemical reactions is known as:

Accepted Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Mechanical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Thermal weathering

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the development of a sand dune field?

Accepted Answer

Rainfall

Answer

Wind speed and direction

Answer

Sand availability

Answer

Vegetation cover

Question 16

The theory of isostasy suggests that:

Accepted Answer

The Earth's crust floats on the mantle in a balanced state

Answer

The Earth's surface is perfectly flat

Answer

Mountains are formed only by the upward movement of tectonic plates

Answer

Volcanoes are randomly distributed across the Earth's surface

Question 17

The formation of a cuesta is associated with:

Accepted Answer

Differential erosion of layers with varying resistance

Answer

Folding and faulting of rock layers

Answer

Volcanic activity

Answer

Glacial erosion

Question 18

The process by which sediment is sorted and deposited based on size and density is known as:

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Transportation

Answer

Lithification

Question 19

Weathering refers to the process of:

Accepted Answer

Breaking down of rocks and minerals by physical or chemical means

Answer

Transporting weathered materials

Answer

Depositing sediments

Answer

Folding and faulting of rock layers

Question 20

The formation of a river delta is primarily influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Folding

Answer

Faulting

Question 21

Longshore drift is a coastal process that:

Accepted Answer

Moves sediments parallel to the coastline

Answer

Moves sediments perpendicular to the coastline

Answer

Carries sediments offshore

Answer

Deposits sediments onshore

Question 22

The analysis of landforms using aerial photographs and satellite imagery is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Remote sensing

Answer

Fieldwork

Answer

GIS

Answer

Statistical analysis

Question 23

In geomorphology, which technique utilizes data gathered remotely, like from satellites or aircraft, to study landforms?

Accepted Answer

Remote sensing

Answer

Field mapping

Answer

Laboratory experiments

Answer

Numerical modeling

Question 24

Which of these features is NOT typically found in a karst landscape?

Accepted Answer

Volcanic cones

Answer

Sinkholes

Answer

Uvalas

Answer

Stalactites

Question 25

Which process creates U-shaped valleys with steep sides and a flat bottom?

Accepted Answer

Glacial erosion

Answer

Fluvial erosion

Answer

Mass movement

Answer

Volcanic activity

Question 26

Which weathering process involves the breakdown of rocks through chemical reactions, such as oxidation or hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Exfoliation weathering

Question 27

What term describes the mechanical breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments without altering their chemical composition?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Transportation

Question 28

What process leads to the accumulation of sediment on the bed of a river?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Transportation

Answer

Weathering

Question 29

Which type of fault occurs when the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall, often resulting in a steep cliff or escarpment?

Accepted Answer

Reverse fault

Answer

Normal fault

Answer

Strike-slip fault

Answer

Oblique fault

Question 30

Which landform is NOT commonly associated with coastal erosion?

Accepted Answer

Fjords

Answer

Sea cliffs

Answer

Wave-cut platforms

Answer

Sand dunes

Question 31

What is the term for the process of sediment erosion by wind?

Accepted Answer

Deflation

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Attrition

Answer

Corrosion

Question 32

On which tectonic plate is the United Kingdom situated?

Accepted Answer

Eurasian Plate

Answer

North American Plate

Answer

Pacific Plate

Answer

African Plate

Question 33

What is the subfield of geography focused on the relationship between humans and the natural environment called?

Accepted Answer

Environmental geography

Answer

Geomorphology

Answer

Human geography

Answer

Physical geography

Question 34

The process by which water penetrates cracks in rocks and freezes, causing them to expand and break apart, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Frost wedging

Answer

Hydraulic action

Answer

Carbonation

Answer

Abrasion

Question 35

Which type of mass movement involves the relatively slow, downslope movement of saturated soil and weathered debris?

Accepted Answer

Creep

Answer

Rockfall

Answer

Landslide

Answer

Slump

Question 36

The formation of a delta at the mouth of a river is primarily influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Fluvial deposition

Answer

Wave erosion

Answer

Longshore drift

Answer

Tidal currents

Question 37

Which of the following landforms is created by the erosive and depositional action of waves?

Accepted Answer

Beach

Answer

Sand dunes

Answer

Moraine

Answer

Esker

Question 38

The concept of a catena refers to:

Accepted Answer

A sequence of soil profiles developed on different parent materials along a slope

Answer

A series of landforms arranged in a linear pattern

Answer

The weathering of rocks to form residual soils

Answer

The formation of terraces along river courses

Question 39

The term 'karst' refers to:

Accepted Answer

A region with soluble bedrock that has been dissolved by water

Answer

A type of desert with sparse vegetation

Answer

A mountain range formed by volcanic activity

Answer

A wetland ecosystem characterized by high biodiversity