Sensation and Perception Quizzes for Psychology Year 13

Question 1

Which aspect remains constant according to the Weber-Fechner law?

Accepted Answer

Proportion of original stimulus detected as a change

Answer

Absolute difference in stimuli detected

Answer

Subjective experience of the stimulus

Answer

Sensory threshold for a specific stimulus

Question 2

Which sensory modality relies on receptors that do not directly generate neural impulses in response to external stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Proprioception

Answer

Vision

Answer

Hearing

Answer

Olfaction

Question 3

In the cochlea, the bending of hair cells triggers the opening of which ion channels?

Accepted Answer

Calcium channels

Answer

Sodium channels

Answer

Potassium channels

Answer

Chloride channels

Question 4

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible for processing most visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Answer

Frontal lobe

Answer

Parietal lobe

Answer

Temporal lobe

Question 5

Which of the following is the primary visual cortex area?

Accepted Answer

V1

Answer

V2

Answer

V3

Answer

V4

Question 6

In binocular vision, the difference between the two retinal images provides information about:

Accepted Answer

Depth of objects

Answer

Avoiding double vision

Answer

Enhancing visual acuity

Answer

Detecting motion

Question 7

Which experimental method is commonly used to study subliminal perception?

Accepted Answer

Visual masking

Answer

Word recognition task

Answer

Dichotic listening

Answer

Stroop task

Question 8

The primary function of the lateral geniculate nucleus is to:

Accepted Answer

Relay visual information to the primary visual cortex

Answer

Process visual information from the retina

Answer

Detect motion in the visual field

Answer

Control eye movements

Question 9

Which factor does NOT influence the size of a receptive field?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive influences

Answer

Excitatory and inhibitory inputs

Answer

Lateral inhibition

Answer

Retinal eccentricity

Question 10

The lowest level of stimulus intensity that can be detected by a sensory receptor is called the:

Accepted Answer

Threshold

Answer

Adaptation level

Answer

Difference threshold

Answer

Weber's fraction

Question 11

Which of the following is a feature of bottom-up processing?

Accepted Answer

Focuses on the objective properties of the stimulus

Answer

Highly dependent on prior knowledge and expectations

Answer

Influenced by cognitive and emotional factors

Answer

Interprets sensory information based on past experiences

Question 12

Select the option that exemplifies a perceptual illusion:

Accepted Answer

The visual effect where two parallel lines appear curved

Answer

The theory explaining the relationship between stimulus intensity and perceived intensity

Answer

The phenomenon where repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to reduced sensitivity

Answer

The difference in stimulus intensity required to produce a noticeable change in perception

Question 13

Sensory receptors gradually adjust their sensitivity to maintain optimal functioning in the face of continuous stimulation, a process known as:

Accepted Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Transduction

Answer

Perception

Answer

Integration

Question 14

The psychological theory that emphasizes the influence of prior knowledge, expectations, and beliefs on perception is:

Accepted Answer

Top-down processing

Answer

Bottom-up processing

Answer

Transduction theory

Answer

Adaptation theory

Question 15

The phenomenon where the perception of a stimulus is influenced by the perception of a preceding stimulus is known as:

Accepted Answer

Contrast effect

Answer

Adaptation effect

Answer

Weber's effect

Answer

Fechner's effect

Question 16

What is the process by which sensory receptors convert physical stimuli into neural signals called?

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Answer

Transmission

Answer

Integration

Answer

Adaptation

Question 17

Which characteristic describes opponent processing in the visual system?

Accepted Answer

Certain colour pairs, like red and green, inhibit each other.

Answer

Certain colour pairs, like red and green, activate the same cone cells.

Answer

Colour perception is affected by the surrounding context.

Answer

The visual system can detect a wide range of colours.

Question 18

The process by which physical stimuli are converted into neural signals is known as:

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Answer

Perception

Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Habituation

Question 19

Which of the following is a top-down factor that influences perception?

Accepted Answer

Motivation

Answer

Pupil dilation

Answer

Retinal adaptation

Answer

Cochlear hair cell fatigue

Question 20

The perception of objects as distinct entities is known as:

Accepted Answer

Figure-ground segregation

Answer

Object constancy

Answer

Perceptual organization

Answer

Illusory contours

Question 21

Which of the following theories of perception suggests that we actively construct our perception of the world?

Accepted Answer

Constructivist theory

Answer

Gestalt theory

Answer

Empiricist theory

Answer

Nativist theory

Question 22

Which type of sensory receptor in the inner ear transforms mechanical energy into electrical signals?

Accepted Answer

Hair cells

Answer

Rods

Answer

Cones

Answer

Thermoreceptors

Question 23

Which sensory modality is associated with perceiving light energy?

Accepted Answer

Vision

Answer

Hearing

Answer

Olfaction

Answer

Taste

Question 24

What cognitive process involves organizing and interpreting sensory information?

Accepted Answer

Perception

Answer

Transduction

Answer

Sensation

Answer

Adaptation

Question 25

What is the minimum stimulus intensity required to elicit a response from a sensory receptor?

Accepted Answer

Sensory threshold

Answer

Weber's constant

Answer

Just noticeable difference

Answer

Adaptation level

Question 26

Which type of adaptation involves a gradual reduction in sensory receptor response to a持續 stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Sensory adaptation

Answer

Perceptual adaptation

Answer

Synaptic adaptation

Answer

Motor adaptation

Question 27

What is the phenomenon where a stimulus appears larger when it is closer to the observer?

Accepted Answer

Size constancy

Answer

Shape constancy

Answer

Depth perception

Answer

Motion perception

Question 28

What term describes the brain's process of combining information from multiple sensory modalities to create a unified perception?

Accepted Answer

Sensory integration

Answer

Perceptual fusion

Answer

Synesthesia

Answer

Cross-modal perception

Question 29

Sensory receptors are responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Transducing physical stimuli into neural signals

Answer

Amplifying sensory signals

Answer

Interpreting sensory signals

Answer

Storing sensory information

Question 30

Perception refers to the process of:

Accepted Answer

Organizing and interpreting sensory information

Answer

Converting physical stimuli into neural signals

Answer

Responding to sensory stimuli

Answer

Storing sensory memories

Question 31

Which Gestalt principle of perception describes the tendency to perceive objects as complete, even if parts of the object are missing?

Accepted Answer

Closure

Answer

Proximity

Answer

Good continuation

Answer

Similarity

Question 32

Bottom-up processing in perception involves:

Accepted Answer

Building a percept from individual sensory elements

Answer

Making inferences based on prior knowledge

Answer

Filtering out irrelevant information

Answer

Organizing sensory information into a meaningful representation

Question 33

Sensory adaptation can be described as:

Accepted Answer

A gradual decrease in the response of sensory receptors to a prolonged stimulus

Answer

An increase in the sensitivity of sensory receptors over time

Answer

An increase in the speed at which sensory receptors transmit signals

Answer

A change in the threshold of sensory receptors for detecting stimuli

Question 34

The Ebbinghaus illusion demonstrates the influence of:

Accepted Answer

Context on perception

Answer

Distance on size perception

Answer

Familiarity on object recognition

Answer

Texture on depth perception

Question 35

Stereopsis refers to:

Accepted Answer

The perception of depth using binocular disparity

Answer

The perception of three-dimensional objects from two-dimensional images

Answer

The perception of movement from sequential images

Answer

The perception of color in different lighting conditions

Question 36

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide detailed images of the:

Accepted Answer

Brain's structure and function

Answer

Electrical activity in the brain

Answer

Blood flow in the brain

Answer

Chemical composition of the brain

Question 37

Facial expression recognition is primarily associated with activation in the:

Accepted Answer

Fusiform face area

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Parietal lobe

Answer

Amygdala

Question 38

The process by which sensory receptors convert physical stimuli into neural signals is known as:

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Answer

Amplification

Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Integration

Question 39

The threshold at which a stimulus is detected 50% of the time is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Absolute threshold

Answer

Difference threshold

Answer

Terminal threshold

Answer

Sensory threshold

Question 40

Which process transmits sensory information to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Answer

Perception

Answer

Interpretation

Answer

Cognition

Question 41

In the eye, which component converts light into electrical signals?

Accepted Answer

Retina

Answer

Cornea

Answer

Lens

Answer

Iris

Question 42

Which theory suggests perception actively constructs meaning?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive constructivism

Answer

Gestalt theory

Answer

Ecological theory

Answer

Signal detection theory

Question 43

Which approach to perception emphasizes extracting information directly from stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Feature extraction

Answer

Pattern recognition

Answer

Gestalt grouping

Answer

Schema-based interpretation

Question 44

Which of the following is a type of sensory receptor responsible for detecting pain?

Accepted Answer

Nociceptor

Answer

Mechanoreceptor

Answer

Thermoreceptor

Answer

Photoreceptor

Question 45

What is the primary function of the thalamus in sensory processing?

Accepted Answer

To relay sensory information to the appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex

Answer

To integrate sensory information from different modalities before sending it to the cortex

Answer

To interpret and create conscious perceptions of sensory stimuli

Answer

To store sensory information as long-term memories

Question 46

Which theory of perception emphasizes the role of the perceiver's past experiences, expectations, and cognitive processes in shaping their perception?

Accepted Answer

Constructivist theory

Answer

Gestalt theory

Answer

Ecological theory

Answer

Empiricist theory

Question 47

The phenomenon where the perceived size of an object remains relatively constant despite changes in its distance from the observer is known as:

Accepted Answer

Size constancy

Answer

Shape constancy

Answer

Retinal disparity

Answer

Motion parallax

Question 48

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the transmission of sensory information from sensory neurons to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

GABA

Question 49

What is the term for the gradual decrease in the response of sensory receptors to a continuous or constant stimulus over time?

Accepted Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Habituation

Answer

Sensitization

Answer

Accommodation

Question 50

What is the term for the phenomenon where the perception of one stimulus is influenced by the presence or characteristics of another stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Context effect

Answer

Priming effect

Answer

Figure-ground effect

Answer

Motion aftereffect

Question 51

Which of the following is a scientific discipline that investigates the relationship between physical stimuli and the resulting sensory and perceptual experiences?

Accepted Answer

Psychophysics

Answer

Neurophysiology

Answer

Cognitive psychology

Answer

Experimental psychology

Question 52

What is the purpose of the Weber-Fechner law?

Accepted Answer

To quantify the relationship between the physical intensity of a stimulus and the perceived intensity of the sensation it evokes

Answer

To measure the absolute threshold for different sensory modalities

Answer

To predict the subjective experience of pain

Answer

To explain why some stimuli are perceived as more salient than others

Question 53

Which of the following is **NOT** a component of the sensory system?

Accepted Answer

Hormones

Answer

Sensory receptors

Answer

Neural pathways

Answer

Brain

Question 54

What is the process by which sensory receptors convert physical stimuli into neural signals called?

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Answer

Transmission

Answer

Interpretation

Answer

Perception

Question 55

Which of the following is an example of a psychophysical method used to determine the relationship between physical stimuli and sensory perception?

Accepted Answer

Fechner's method of limits

Answer

Signal detection theory

Answer

Threshold theory

Answer

Weber's law

Question 56

Which theory suggests that perception is a process of actively organising and interpreting sensory information?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt theory

Answer

Structural theory

Answer

Feature theory

Answer

Cognitive theory

Question 57

What is the area of the visual field that is processed consciously and in high detail called?

Accepted Answer

Fovea

Answer

Macula

Answer

Retina

Answer

Blind spot

Question 58

Top-down processes in perception involve:

Accepted Answer

Expectations and past experiences influencing how we interpret stimuli.

Answer

Sensory receptor cells converting physical stimuli into neural signals.

Answer

The brain's ability to adapt to changing sensory input.

Answer

The detection of stimuli that are below the absolute threshold.

Question 59

Which type of sensory receptor responds to pressure and contributes to our sense of touch?

Accepted Answer

Mechanoreceptor

Answer

Nociceptor

Answer

Thermoreceptor

Answer

Photoreceptor

Question 60

The initial stage in the process of visual perception is known as:

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Answer

Accommodation

Answer

Projection

Answer

Adaptation

Question 61

Which neurochemical is primarily responsible for transmitting sensory information in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Question 62

The absolute threshold is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

The minimum stimulus intensity that can be detected at least 50% of the time.

Answer

The minimum stimulus intensity that can be accurately identified 100% of the time.

Answer

The difference between the stimulus intensity and the perceived intensity.

Answer

The level of stimulus intensity that is most comfortable for perception.

Question 63

Which of the following is a type of somatosensory receptor that detects pressure and vibrations?

Accepted Answer

Tactile corpuscle (Meissner's corpuscle)

Answer

Retinal cone

Answer

Cochlea

Answer

Vestibular organ