Muscular System Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge in Sport

Question 1

Which type of muscle contraction involves shortening of the muscle fibers, resulting in movement of the body or a limb?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic - Concentric

Answer

Isometric

Answer

Eccentric

Answer

Isokinetic

Question 2

Which intracellular structure is responsible for storing and releasing calcium ions, initiating muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer

T-tubules

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Myofibrils

Question 3

Which type of muscle fatigue is characterized by the accumulation of metabolic waste products, such as lactic acid, leading to a decrease in muscle function?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic fatigue

Answer

Neuromuscular fatigue

Answer

Central fatigue

Answer

Peripheral fatigue

Question 4

What is the primary function of satellite cells in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Repair damaged muscle fibers and contribute to muscle growth

Answer

Provide energy to muscle fibers

Answer

Control muscle contraction

Answer

Produce hormones

Question 5

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of smooth muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Involuntary control

Answer

Striated appearance

Answer

Multiple nuclei

Answer

Fast contraction speed

Question 6

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for stimulating muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 7

What is the primary role of the Golgi tendon organ within the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Detecting changes in muscle length and tension

Answer

Controlling muscle contraction

Answer

Producing hormones

Answer

Transmitting nerve impulses

Question 8

Which of the following is **NOT** a function of skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Secretion

Answer

Movement

Answer

Protection

Answer

Heat production

Question 9

The sliding filament theory explains how:

Accepted Answer

Muscle fibers contract

Answer

Muscle fibers relax

Answer

Calcium ions participate in muscle contraction

Answer

Muscle contraction obtains energy

Question 10

The motor unit consists of:

Accepted Answer

A group of muscle fibers and their innervating nerve

Answer

A single muscle fiber and its innervating nerve

Answer

A muscle spindle and its sensory nerve

Answer

A Golgi tendon organ and its sensory nerve

Question 11

Denervation atrophy occurs due to:

Accepted Answer

Loss of nerve supply to a muscle

Answer

Excessive use of a muscle

Answer

Insufficient blood supply to a muscle

Answer

Aging

Question 12

The stretch reflex is primarily controlled by the:

Accepted Answer

Spinal cord

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Peripheral nerves

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen transport

Answer

Movement

Answer

Posture

Answer

Heat production

Question 14

Which hormone plays a primary role in stimulating muscle growth and repair?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 15

What is the key difference between fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibres?

Accepted Answer

Fast-twitch fibres contract quickly and fatigue easily, while slow-twitch fibres contract slowly and have high endurance.

Answer

Fast-twitch fibres contract slowly and have high endurance, while slow-twitch fibres contract quickly and fatigue easily.

Answer

Fast-twitch fibres are larger in size than slow-twitch fibres.

Answer

Slow-twitch fibres are more efficient at producing energy than fast-twitch fibres.

Question 16

What is the name of the neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting signals between neurons and muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 17

What is the primary role of the Golgi tendon organ in muscle function?

Accepted Answer

To sense changes in muscle length and tension

Answer

To regulate muscle contraction strength

Answer

To prevent muscle damage

Answer

To transmit signals to the brain

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Bone

Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 19

The primary function of the muscular system is to:

Accepted Answer

Generate force and movement

Answer

Maintain body temperature

Answer

Transport nutrients

Answer

Secrete hormones

Question 20

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Answer

Sarcolemma

Answer

Myofibril

Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 21

The primary energy source for short-duration, high-intensity exercise is:

Accepted Answer

Creatine phosphate

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Proteins

Question 22

Which of the following is a characteristic of slow-twitch muscle fibres?

Accepted Answer

High fatigue resistance

Answer

Large myosin heads

Answer

High anaerobic capacity

Answer

Low recruitment threshold

Question 23

The 'neuromuscular junction' refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Synapse between a motor neuron and muscle fibre

Answer

Site of muscle contraction

Answer

Connection between two muscle fibres

Answer

Location of muscle spindles

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Nervous

Answer

Skeletal

Answer

Cardiac

Answer

Smooth

Question 25

The sliding filament theory explains which aspect of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

How actin and myosin filaments interact to generate force

Answer

How calcium ions trigger muscle contraction

Answer

How energy is released during muscle contraction

Answer

How muscle fibers are arranged in the body

Question 26

Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Generate movement

Answer

Regulate heartbeat

Answer

Aid in digestion

Answer

Secrete hormones

Question 27

What is the smallest functional unit of a muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Answer

Myofibril

Answer

Myofilament

Answer

Myosin head

Question 28

What protein binds to calcium ions, triggering muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Troponin

Answer

Myosin

Answer

Actin

Answer

Myoglobin

Question 29

What is the term for muscle soreness and stiffness that can occur after intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

Answer

Contusion

Answer

Sprain

Answer

Fracture

Question 30

What is the main source of energy during high-intensity muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

Creatine phosphate

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Fat

Answer

Protein

Question 31

Which factor does NOT directly influence muscle strength?

Accepted Answer

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer

Fiber type composition

Answer

Cross-sectional area

Answer

Neural factors

Question 32

What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Bind to troponin, causing a conformational change

Answer

Stimulate the release of acetylcholine

Question 33

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movement and is attached to bones?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Visceral muscle

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Question 34

What is the primary function of the sarcomere within a muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate muscle shortening and lengthening during contraction and relaxation

Answer

To conduct electrical impulses along the muscle fiber

Answer

To synthesize muscle proteins

Answer

To store calcium ions for muscle contraction

Question 35

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for inhibiting muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Glycine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 36

What is the term for the period of reduced muscle excitability that follows a muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Refractory period

Answer

Tetanus

Answer

Isometric contraction

Answer

Isotonic contraction

Question 37

What is the role of creatine phosphate in muscle metabolism?

Accepted Answer

To provide a rapid source of energy to replenish ATP during intense muscle activity

Answer

To transport oxygen to muscles

Answer

To regulate blood pH levels

Answer

To store energy as glycogen

Question 38

Which type of muscle fibers are primarily responsible for power and speed during muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

Type II fibers

Answer

Intermediary fibers

Answer

Type I fibers

Answer

Slow-twitch fibers

Question 39

What is the sarcolemma?

Accepted Answer

The outer membrane of a muscle fiber

Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber

Answer

A type of protein found in muscle fibers

Answer

The inner membrane of a muscle fiber

Question 40

Which neurotransmitter is responsible for triggering muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 41

Which of these is a key function of skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Movement and posture

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Blood circulation

Answer

Hormone production

Question 42

What does the sliding filament theory explain about muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Thick and thin filaments slide past each other, shortening the muscle

Answer

Thick and thin filaments contract and relax independently

Answer

Muscle shortening is caused by the contraction of only thin filaments

Answer

Muscle fibers shorten by folding and unfolding

Question 43

Which of these factors DOES NOT directly impact muscle strength?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Muscle fiber type

Answer

Muscle size

Answer

Training

Question 44

A muscle that works in opposition to another muscle is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Answer

Synergist

Answer

Agonist

Answer

Prime mover

Question 45

Which of the following is a sign of muscle fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Reduced force production

Answer

Increased endurance

Answer

Increased muscle size

Answer

Improved coordination

Question 46

What is the primary energy source for short bursts of intense muscle activity?

Accepted Answer

Phosphocreatine

Answer

Protein

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Fat