Thermodynamic Systems and Properties: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following best defines a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

A collection of matter with defined boundaries that can exchange energy and matter with its surroundings.

Answer

A collection of matter that does not interact with its environment.

Answer

A collection of matter in thermal equilibrium with its environment.

Answer

A collection of matter not in thermal equilibrium with its environment.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a property of a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Answer

Entropy

Question 3

Which process is an isobaric process?

Accepted Answer

Constant pressure

Answer

Constant volume

Answer

Constant temperature

Answer

Adiabatic

Question 4

The first law of thermodynamics can be expressed as:

Accepted Answer

dQ = dU + dW

Answer

dU = dQ + dW

Answer

dW = dQ + dU

Answer

dQ + dW = dU

Question 5

What is the unit of entropy?

Accepted Answer

Joule per mole Kelvin

Answer

Joule per mole

Answer

Kelvin per mole

Answer

Mole per Kelvin

Question 6

Which of the following is a closed system?

Accepted Answer

A system that does not exchange matter with its environment.

Answer

A system that does not exchange energy with its environment.

Answer

A system in thermal equilibrium with its environment.

Answer

A system not in thermal equilibrium with its environment.

Question 7

Which intensive property represents the energy stored per unit mass in a system?

Accepted Answer

Specific heat capacity

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Volume

Question 8

Which of these processes can be classified as isobaric?

Accepted Answer

Heating a gas within a sealed container

Answer

Compressing a gas inside a cylinder

Answer

Expanding a gas into a vacuum

Answer

Adiabatic expansion of a gas

Question 9

For an ideal gas, what is the mathematical relationship between temperature (T), volume (V), pressure (P), and number of moles (n)?

Accepted Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

TV = nPR

Answer

PT = nVR

Answer

PV/T = constant

Question 10

Which of the following processes is considered reversible?

Accepted Answer

Isothermal expansion of a gas

Answer

Adiabatic compression of a gas

Answer

Mixing two liquids

Answer

Burning of gasoline

Question 11

State the First Law of Thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

The total energy of an isolated system remains constant.

Answer

The entropy of an isolated system always increases.

Answer

Heat cannot flow spontaneously from a colder to a hotter object.

Answer

The efficiency of a heat engine is limited by the Carnot cycle.

Question 12

What is the distinction between heat and work?

Accepted Answer

Heat involves energy transfer due to temperature variation, while work involves transfer due to force.

Answer

Heat involves energy transfer due to force, while work involves transfer due to temperature variation.

Answer

Heat and work represent the same concept.

Answer

Heat involves energy transfer due to pressure variation, while work involves transfer due to temperature variation.

Question 13

What quantity represents the sum of a system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume?

Accepted Answer

Enthalpy

Answer

Internal energy

Answer

Entropy

Answer

Specific heat capacity

Question 14

State the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

The entropy of an isolated system always increases.

Answer

The total energy of an isolated system remains constant.

Answer

Heat cannot flow spontaneously from a colder to a hotter object.

Answer

The efficiency of a heat engine is limited by the Carnot cycle.

Question 15

A system that can exchange heat but not matter with its surroundings is known as a:

Accepted Answer

Closed system

Answer

Open system

Answer

Isolated system

Answer

Adiabatic system

Question 16

Which of the following is a path function?

Accepted Answer

Entropy

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Answer

Volume

Question 17

The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Work output / Heat input

Answer

Heat input / Work output

Answer

Heat rejected / Work input

Answer

Work output / Heat rejected

Question 18

The critical point of a substance is the point where:

Accepted Answer

The liquid and gas phases become indistinguishable

Answer

The substance undergoes a phase transition

Answer

The substance reaches its maximum density

Answer

The substance has the highest specific heat capacity

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a property of a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

Shape

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Answer

Pressure

Question 20

An open system can exchange both mass and

Accepted Answer

Energy

Answer

Volume

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Entropy

Question 21

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a closed system?

Accepted Answer

No mass can enter or leave the system

Answer

No energy can enter or leave the system

Answer

The system is adiabatic

Answer

The system is isentropic

Question 22

Which of the following is the SI unit of energy?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Newton

Answer

Watt

Answer

Pascal

Question 23

Which of the following is a reversible process?

Accepted Answer

Adiabatic expansion of a gas at constant pressure

Answer

Irreversible heat transfer

Answer

Mixing of two gases at different temperatures

Answer

Friction

Question 24

Which of the following is an intensive property of a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Answer

Volume

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a type of thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

Diathermal system

Answer

Open system

Answer

Closed system

Answer

Isolated system

Question 26

Which of the following is an extensive property?

Accepted Answer

Volume

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Intensity

Question 27

The process in which heat is transferred from a higher temperature reservoir to a lower temperature reservoir is called:

Accepted Answer

Heat transfer process

Answer

Adiabatic process

Answer

Isothermal process

Answer

Isobaric process

Question 28

The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas is described by the:

Accepted Answer

Ideal gas law

Answer

First law of thermodynamics

Answer

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer

Law of conservation of energy

Question 29

Which of the following is a unit of entropy?

Accepted Answer

Joule per Kelvin

Answer

Joule

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Pascal

Question 30

The change in internal energy of a system is equal to:

Accepted Answer

Heat added to the system minus work done by the system

Answer

Work done by the system minus heat added to the system

Answer

Heat capacity of the system times the change in temperature

Answer

Entropy of the system times the change in temperature

Question 31

Which of the following is a reversible process?

Accepted Answer

Isothermal compression of an ideal gas

Answer

Adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas

Answer

Combustion of fuel

Answer

Friction between two surfaces

Question 32

The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Work output divided by heat input

Answer

Heat output divided by work input

Answer

Change in internal energy divided by heat input

Answer

Entropy output divided by heat input

Question 33

The property that describes the disorder or randomness of a system is called:

Accepted Answer

Entropy

Answer

Enthalpy

Answer

Exergy

Answer

Gibbs free energy

Question 34

The second law of thermodynamics implies that:

Accepted Answer

The entropy of an isolated system always increases

Answer

The entropy of a closed system always decreases

Answer

The entropy of an open system can either increase or decrease

Answer

The entropy of the universe is decreasing

Question 35

Which of the following is **not** considered a thermodynamic property?

Accepted Answer

Mass

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Specific volume

Answer

Temperature

Question 36

A closed system is defined as one that:

Accepted Answer

Prevents the transfer of mass across its boundary.

Answer

Is always in a state of equilibrium.

Answer

Allows heat transfer but not work.

Answer

Undergoes only isothermal processes.

Question 37

For a simple compressible system, the state can be fully described by specifying:

Accepted Answer

Two independent properties

Answer

One independent property

Answer

Three independent properties

Answer

Four independent properties

Question 38

Which of the following is classified as an intensive property?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Answer

Volume

Answer

Work

Question 39

A process where the volume of a system remains constant is known as:

Accepted Answer

Isochoric process

Answer

Isobaric process

Answer

Isothermal process

Answer

Adiabatic process

Question 40

Specific heat capacity measures a substance's:

Accepted Answer

Capacity to absorb heat

Answer

Change in volume due to temperature variation

Answer

Thermal expansion coefficient

Answer

Rate of heat transfer

Question 41

The first law of thermodynamics can be summarized as:

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

Answer

The efficiency of a heat engine is always 100%.

Answer

Entropy always increases in spontaneous processes.

Answer

Heat engines can convert all heat input into work.

Question 42

Enthalpy (H) is defined as:

Accepted Answer

U + PV

Answer

P - UV

Answer

PV - U

Answer

U - PV

Question 43

A thermodynamic cycle refers to:

Accepted Answer

A series of processes that return the system to its original state.

Answer

Any change in the state of a system.

Answer

A process involving heat transfer.

Answer

A process where entropy remains constant.

Question 44

The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the:

Accepted Answer

Ratio of work output to heat input

Answer

Product of heat input and work output

Answer

Ratio of heat input to work output

Answer

Difference between heat input and work output