Bioanalytical Methods: A Comprehensive Guide for Pharmacy Students

Question 1

Which of the following techniques is NOT commonly used in bioanalysis?

Accepted Answer

Microscopy

Answer

Immunoassays

Answer

Mass spectrometry

Answer

Chromatography

Question 2

Which type of immunoassay is primarily employed for drug analysis?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Answer

Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Answer

Western blotting

Answer

Flow cytometry

Question 3

Which type of mass spectrometry is best suited for high-throughput drug analysis?

Accepted Answer

Triple quadrupole

Answer

Single quadrupole

Answer

Time-of-flight (TOF)

Answer

Ion trap

Question 4

In competitive immunoassays, what is the underlying principle?

Accepted Answer

Antigen competes with labelled antigen for antibody binding.

Answer

Antibody competes with labelled antibody for antigen binding.

Answer

Enzyme competes with drug for antibody binding.

Answer

Drug competes with metabolite for antibody binding.

Question 5

Which technique is NOT commonly used for the separation of drugs and their metabolites in biological fluids?

Accepted Answer

Isoelectric focusing

Answer

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Answer

Gas chromatography (GC)

Answer

Capillary electrophoresis

Question 6

Which ionization technique is most commonly used in mass spectrometry for the analysis of polar compounds in bioanalytical methods?

Accepted Answer

Electrospray ionization (ESI)

Answer

Electron ionization

Answer

Chemical ionization

Answer

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)

Question 7

Quality control is essential to ensure the reliability of bioanalytical methods.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 8

Bioanalytical methods can only be used to analyze small molecules in biological fluids.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 9

Which technique measures drug or metabolite concentrations in biological fluids by utilizing the binding affinity of specific antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Immunoassay

Answer

Gas chromatography

Answer

High-performance liquid chromatography

Answer

Mass spectrometry

Question 10

Which sample preparation technique is commonly employed to remove proteins and macromolecules from biological fluids?

Accepted Answer

Solid-phase extraction

Answer

Liquid-liquid extraction

Answer

Filtration

Answer

Centrifugation

Question 11

In bioanalytical methods, the primary purpose of isotopically labeled internal standards is to:

Accepted Answer

Compensate for analyte losses during sample preparation and analysis

Answer

Enhance method sensitivity

Answer

Identify and characterize unknown analytes

Answer

Validate method accuracy

Question 12

Which validation parameter assesses the variability of an analytical method?

Accepted Answer

Precision

Answer

Accuracy

Answer

Specificity

Answer

Sensitivity

Question 13

In the United Kingdom, which regulatory body oversees bioanalytical method development and validation?

Accepted Answer

Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)

Answer

National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC)

Answer

European Medicines Agency (EMA)

Answer

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Question 14

In bioanalytical methods, the principle of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is:

Accepted Answer

Fragmentation of parent ions to obtain characteristic product ions

Answer

Separation of analytes based on mass-to-charge ratio

Answer

Ionization of analytes prior to mass spectrometry analysis

Answer

Quantification of analytes based on their response to specific wavelengths

Question 15

Which factor is NOT relevant when optimizing a bioanalytical method?

Accepted Answer

Cost

Answer

Sensitivity

Answer

Selectivity

Answer

Robustness

Question 16

How will emerging technologies like microfluidics and biosensors potentially transform bioanalytical methods and their applications in drug discovery and development?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced sensitivity and specificity for detecting analytes

Accepted Answer

Miniaturization and automation for quicker, more efficient analysis

Accepted Answer

Overcoming challenges in analyzing complex biological samples

Answer

Minimal impact on drug discovery and development processes

Question 17

In the validation of a bioanalytical method, what is the primary purpose of conducting a recovery experiment?

Accepted Answer

To determine the accuracy of the method

Answer

To assess the precision of the method

Answer

To evaluate matrix effects during analysis

Answer

To establish the linearity of the method

Question 18

Which of the following is an immunoassay technique?

Accepted Answer

Radioimmunoassay

Answer

Gas chromatography

Answer

High-performance liquid chromatography

Answer

Mass spectrometry

Question 19

What is the fundamental principle underlying mass spectrometry?

Accepted Answer

Measuring the mass-to-charge ratio of ions

Answer

Detecting the presence of antibodies

Answer

Determining the chemical structure of molecules

Answer

Measuring the absorbance of light by molecules

Question 20

Which of the following is a common application of bioanalytical methods in the pharmaceutical industry?

Accepted Answer

Clinical pharmacokinetic studies

Answer

Forensic analysis

Answer

Environmental monitoring

Answer

Food safety testing

Question 21

What is the primary goal of sample preparation in bioanalytical methods?

Accepted Answer

To isolate the analyte of interest from interfering substances

Answer

To increase the concentration of the analyte

Answer

To stabilize the analyte

Answer

To derivatize the analyte

Question 22

When selecting an extraction method for bioanalytical samples, which factor should be carefully considered?

Accepted Answer

Solubility of the analyte in the chosen solvent

Answer

Time required for the extraction

Answer

Availability of the extraction equipment

Answer

Cost of the extraction method