Introduction to Class and Inequality Studies: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a key characteristic of social stratification?

Accepted Answer

It is a system that ranks individuals and groups into different social levels.

Answer

It is based solely on characteristics that individuals are born with.

Answer

It is constantly changing and individuals can easily move between social strata.

Answer

It is only found in certain types of societies, such as pre-industrial societies.

Question 2

Which theory of social stratification highlights the conflict between different social classes?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Symbolic interactionist theory

Answer

Rational choice theory

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a core concept in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Microeconomic theory

Answer

Class

Answer

Inequality

Answer

Social stratification

Question 4

Which of the following is a fundamental concept in the study of class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Class

Accepted Answer

Inequality

Accepted Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Social mobility

Question 5

Which characteristic is NOT associated with the bourgeoisie, according to Karl Marx's theory of social stratification?

Accepted Answer

Collective consciousness and solidarity

Answer

Ownership of the means of production

Answer

Exploitation of the working class

Answer

Control over the political and economic system

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a central concept in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Social harmony

Answer

Class

Answer

Inequality

Answer

Social mobility

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of social stratification?

Accepted Answer

It is solely based on individual merit and achievements.

Answer

It creates a system of social hierarchy.

Answer

It tends to remain stable over time.

Answer

It impacts an individual's life chances and outcomes.

Question 8

Which perspective is not commonly recognized in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Individualist perspective

Answer

Functionalist perspective

Answer

Conflict perspective

Answer

Symbolic interactionist perspective

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a central concept in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Social cohesion

Answer

Class

Answer

Inequality

Answer

Social mobility

Question 10

Which concept is not central to class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Social capital

Answer

Class

Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Social stratification

Question 11

Which of these is a core concept in the study of class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Economic growth

Answer

Political beliefs

Answer

Environmental protection

Question 12

Which theory is NOT considered a fundamental framework in social stratification?

Accepted Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Marxist theory

Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Conflict theory

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a central concept in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Biological determinism

Answer

Class

Answer

Inequality

Answer

Social mobility

Question 14

Which of the following is a fundamental concept in the study of class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Class

Accepted Answer

Inequality

Answer

Race

Answer

Religion

Question 15

According to Max Weber's theory of social stratification, which attribute is unique to the upper class?

Accepted Answer

Social standing, respect, and influence

Answer

Economic wealth

Answer

Job title and education

Answer

Exploitation of workers

Question 16

What is the best definition of class consciousness?

Accepted Answer

Individuals' awareness of their social class membership and associated values.

Answer

Objective classification of individuals into classes based on resources and power.

Answer

Belief in equality and fair treatment for all.

Question 17

In the study of class and inequality, which concept refers to the hierarchical arrangement of social classes or strata within a society?

Accepted Answer

Social Stratification

Answer

Inequality

Answer

Social Class

Answer

Social Mobility

Question 18

In Marxist ideology, which concept is central to understanding class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Bourgeoisie's control over production and exploitation of the proletariat

Answer

Inequality as an unavoidable and advantageous societal feature

Answer

Class consciousness as crucial for overthrowing the ruling class

Answer

State's neutrality in resolving social conflicts

Question 19

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of class consciousness?

Accepted Answer

Recognition of shared class identity and interests

Answer

Unconditional animosity towards other social classes

Answer

Belief in the inherent superiority of one's own social class

Answer

Individual ambition for upward social mobility

Question 20

In class and inequality studies, what is a primary function of ideology?

Accepted Answer

Legitimizing and preserving the existing social order

Answer

Challenging the existing social order

Answer

Promoting social and economic equality

Answer

Eliminating social stratification and class divisions

Question 21

In class and inequality studies, which historical approach is widely recognized as a major perspective?

Accepted Answer

Marxist historiography

Answer

Presentism

Answer

Psychohistory

Question 22

Which concept is considered peripheral to the field of class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Individual achievement

Answer

Social class

Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Economic inequality

Question 23

Which of the following best describes a key aspect of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Movement between social classes

Answer

Unchanging social hierarchies

Answer

Inherited and unchangeable social status

Question 24

Which sociological theory suggests that an individual's social class is mainly determined by their economic status?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Class Theory

Answer

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Social Identity Theory

Question 25

In class and inequality studies, which concept refers to the hierarchical division of society into distinct classes, leading to unequal access to power, wealth, and status?

Accepted Answer

Social Stratification

Answer

Social Mobility

Answer

Class Consciousness

Answer

Ideology

Question 26

In functionalist theories of social stratification, what is the primary function of social stratification in society?

Accepted Answer

To maintain social balance and stability by ensuring essential societal functions are fulfilled.

Answer

To preserve natural and inherent inequalities based on biological and genetic differences among individuals.

Answer

To enable the control and exploitation of lower-status groups by higher-status groups.

Question 27

Define class consciousness and explain its connection to the class structure.

Accepted Answer

Class consciousness is the recognition of one's class position and the interests of their class.

Answer

Class consciousness is the belief in the equality of all classes and their treatment.

Answer

Class consciousness is a state of unawareness about one's class position and the class structure.

Answer

Class consciousness is a measure of an individual's income and wealth.

Question 28

According to Marxist theory, what is a primary function of ideology in capitalist societies?

Accepted Answer

Legitimizing the dominance of the ruling class and maintaining social order.

Answer

Promoting class consciousness and collective action among the working class.

Answer

Providing a tool for the working class to resist capitalist exploitation and oppression.

Question 29

Which fundamental principle underpins social justice in the context of class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring equal opportunities and outcomes for all individuals, regardless of their background or circumstances

Answer

Preserving existing inequalities to maintain the established social order

Answer

Prioritizing economic growth over social welfare programs

Answer

Allowing individuals to rise through social ranks solely based on their merit

Question 30

In class and inequality studies, which approach aims to address social injustices and foster equality?

Accepted Answer

Social liberalism

Answer

Social conservatism

Answer

Laissez-faire capitalism

Question 31

Within class and inequality studies, ideology refers to:

Accepted Answer

A system of ideas that legitimizes and perpetuates the interests of the dominant class

Answer

A set of personal values and beliefs unaffected by societal factors

Answer

An objective and unbiased analysis of social structures

Answer

A collection of religious beliefs and practices unrelated to social relations

Question 32

Within the field of class and inequality studies, which attribute is a defining characteristic of power?

Accepted Answer

The ability to influence and control the actions of others

Answer

Possession of significant wealth and material resources

Answer

Inheritance of social status and privilege

Answer

Capacity to resist oppression and challenge societal norms

Question 33

According to Karl Marx's theory of social stratification, which concept is central?

Accepted Answer

Economic inequality

Answer

Cultural capital

Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Question 34

How does social class affect health outcomes? Explain the mechanisms involved.

Accepted Answer

Higher social class often leads to better health due to better access to healthcare, nutrition, and living conditions.

Answer

Social class mainly affects health indirectly through factors like education and occupation, not directly.

Answer

Health outcomes are mostly determined by genetics and personal choices, with social class having little to no impact.

Question 35

How do the social categories of class, race, and gender overlap and interact to create intricate patterns of inequality and shape social stratification?

Accepted Answer

Class, race, and gender are interconnected categories that create a complex system of privilege and disadvantage.

Answer

Class, race, and gender are distinct and independent factors that determine an individual's social position.

Answer

Class is the primary determinant of social stratification, with race and gender playing secondary roles.

Question 36

What are the key challenges in measuring and comparing class structures and inequality levels across different societies?

Accepted Answer

Data availability and quality pose significant challenges to cross-societal comparisons.

Answer

Methodological approaches are standardized, enabling direct comparisons.

Answer

Economic indicators alone provide a comprehensive basis for comparisons.

Answer

Cultural differences do not influence the interpretation of class and inequality measures.

Question 37

What are the potential challenges and opportunities for reducing income inequality in the 21st century?

Accepted Answer

Implement a universal basic income to ensure everyone has a minimum level of income.

Accepted Answer

Raise taxes on the wealthy and use the revenue to fund social programs for the poor.

Answer

Deregulate the economy to create more jobs and boost economic growth.

Answer

Do nothing to address income inequality, as it is a natural part of a market economy.

Question 38

How do class and inequality impact environmental sustainability?

Accepted Answer

They influence sustainability by shaping access to resources, consumption patterns, and exposure to hazards.

Answer

They have no impact.

Answer

They only affect developing countries.

Answer

They are the primary causes of environmental problems.

Question 39

How does socioeconomic class influence subjective well-being?

Accepted Answer

Lower socioeconomic classes often face limited opportunities and resources, potentially affecting self-esteem and happiness.

Accepted Answer

Higher socioeconomic classes generally have more resources and opportunities, contributing to increased self-esteem and happiness.

Accepted Answer

The relationship between socioeconomic class and subjective well-being is complex and varies based on individual circumstances.

Answer

Subjective well-being is not linked to socioeconomic class.

Question 40

Widely recognized as the father of modern class and inequality studies, who is this notable figure?

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx

Answer

Max Weber

Answer

Émile Durkheim

Answer

Talcott Parsons

Question 41

What is the primary distinction between class and status?

Accepted Answer

Class is based on economic resources, while status is based on social prestige.

Answer

Class is based on ownership of the means of production, while status is based on occupation.

Answer

Class is a fixed category, while status can change over time.

Answer

Class is a subjective concept, while status is an objective concept.

Question 42

Which of the following is **not** an example of a research method commonly used in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Experimental design

Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Survey research

Answer

Historical analysis

Question 43

Which of the following is **not** a contemporary issue related to class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Climate change

Answer

Precarious employment

Answer

Wealth inequality

Answer

Educational inequality

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a key theoretical perspective in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Neoclassical economics

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Question 45

Social stratification refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Unequal distribution of power, wealth, and prestige in society

Answer

Process by which social groups are formed and maintained

Answer

Way in which individuals are socialised into their social class

Answer

Beliefs and values that justify social inequality

Question 46

According to conflict theory, class conflict is primarily caused by which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

Competition for scarce resources

Answer

Cultural differences between social groups

Answer

Psychological factors such as prejudice

Answer

Political ideologies

Question 47

Which of the following is a central concept in symbolic interactionism?

Accepted Answer

Social construction of reality

Answer

Material conditions of life

Answer

Class consciousness

Answer

Ideology

Question 48

Social mobility refers to:

Accepted Answer

Movement of individuals or groups between social classes

Answer

Change in the overall class structure of society

Answer

Increase in social inequality

Answer

Decrease in social stratification

Question 49

To gain an in-depth understanding of the subjective experiences of working-class families, which research method is most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative interviews with open-ended questions

Answer

Quantitative surveys with fixed-choice questions

Answer

Mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods

Answer

Historical analysis of archival data

Question 50

Examine the historical evolution and current manifestations of class and inequality within the United Kingdom.

Accepted Answer

Both historical context and contemporary expressions

Answer

Historical context only

Answer

Contemporary expressions only

Answer

Neither historical context nor contemporary expressions

Question 51

How does social class impact educational opportunities and experiences?

Accepted Answer

Social class shapes educational opportunities and experiences through factors like access to quality schools, parental involvement, and economic resources.

Answer

Social class has no influence on educational opportunities and experiences.

Answer

Social class only affects access to higher education, not primary or secondary education.

Answer

Social class only affects educational experiences of students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Question 52

Which of the following is a fundamental concept in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Economic disparity

Answer

Political polarization

Answer

Cultural diversity

Question 53

According to Karl Marx's theory, which class is the primary driver of exploitation in capitalist societies?

Accepted Answer

Capitalist class (Bourgeoisie)

Answer

Working class (Proletariat)

Answer

Middle class (Petite bourgeoisie)

Answer

Marginalized class (Lumpenproletariat)

Question 54

Which statement best describes the relationship between class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Class and inequality are interconnected and influence each other.

Answer

Class is the sole determinant of inequality in society.

Answer

Inequality inevitably leads to the formation of social classes.

Answer

There is no correlation between class and inequality.

Question 55

Which of these policies is commonly associated with reducing income inequality?

Accepted Answer

Progressive taxation system

Answer

Deregulation of labor markets

Answer

Privatization of public services

Answer

Flat tax rate for all income levels

Question 56

How does social class influence political beliefs and ideologies?

Accepted Answer

Social class influences political beliefs and ideologies through a combination of economic, cultural, social, and psychological factors.

Answer

Social class has no impact on political beliefs and ideologies.

Answer

Social class influences political beliefs and ideologies primarily through economic factors.

Answer

Social class has a greater influence on political beliefs than on ideologies.

Question 57

Who is widely regarded as the founder of conflict theory in sociology?

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx

Answer

Max Weber

Answer

Émile Durkheim

Answer

Talcott Parsons

Question 58

Which research method is commonly used in class and inequality studies to gather in-depth information from individuals?

Accepted Answer

Ethnography

Answer

Surveys

Answer

Quantitative analysis

Answer

Experiments

Question 59

What is the term used to describe the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities in society?

Accepted Answer

Economic inequality

Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Cultural hegemony

Answer

Social closure

Question 60

What is the process by which individuals move up or down the social hierarchy?

Accepted Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Socialization

Answer

Economic redistribution

Question 61

What is a common criticism of public policies aimed at addressing class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

They can have unintended consequences.

Answer

They are inherently ineffective.

Answer

They are too expensive.

Answer

They are unnecessary.

Question 62

How has the historical understanding of 'class' influenced our comprehension of social mobility and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Explaining the persistence of inequality over time

Answer

Exclusively explaining the reduction of inequality over time

Answer

Solely explaining the emergence of new social classes over time

Answer

Comprehensively explaining the role of education in social mobility

Question 63

How do class and racial inequality interact and influence each other to shape life chances and social outcomes?

Accepted Answer

They reinforce each other, leading to greater disadvantages for specific groups.

Answer

They operate independently, with no mutual influence.

Answer

Class inequality has a stronger impact than racial inequality.

Answer

Racial inequality can exist separately from class inequality.

Question 64

How does culture influence the link between social class and health disparities?

Accepted Answer

Culture shapes health practices and access to healthcare.

Answer

Culture has no impact on the connection between class and health inequalities.

Answer

Social class alone determines health outcomes, regardless of cultural factors.

Answer

Cultural influences only affect the health of those in lower socioeconomic groups.