Class in Society: Definition and Measurement

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used approach to measuring class?

Accepted Answer

Gender

Answer

Income

Answer

Education

Answer

Occupation

Question 2

According to Max Weber's theory of class, which of the following is NOT a source of class inequality?

Accepted Answer

Religious affiliation

Answer

Economic capital

Answer

Social capital

Answer

Cultural capital

Question 3

Identify the definition of class in sociology which is NOT commonly used:

Accepted Answer

A group sharing similar religious beliefs

Answer

A group sharing a similar economic position

Answer

A group sharing similar cultural preferences

Answer

A group sharing similar life expectations

Question 4

Identify the primary limitation of the objective approach to measuring class:

Accepted Answer

Neglect of subjective perceptions

Answer

Limited sample size

Answer

Difficulty in implementation

Answer

Objectivity and reliability

Question 5

How do Marxist and Weberian perspectives on class fundamentally differ?

Accepted Answer

Marxists emphasize economic class, while Weberians emphasize social class

Answer

Weberians emphasize economic class, while Marxists emphasize social class

Answer

Marxists prioritize class as the primary societal factor, while Weberians view it as one among many

Answer

Weberians prioritize class as the primary societal factor, while Marxists view it as one among many

Question 6

Which practice can serve as an example of a cultural indicator of class?

Accepted Answer

Attending the opera

Answer

Watching reality television

Answer

Consuming fish and chips

Answer

Engaging in football

Question 7

Which class measurement approach emphasizes objective economic factors like income and occupation?

Accepted Answer

Objective class location

Answer

Subjective class identification

Answer

Bourdieu's class schema

Answer

Cultural capital

Question 8

According to Max Weber, class stratification is primarily based on:

Accepted Answer

Occupation and prestige

Answer

Income and wealth

Answer

Education and skill level

Answer

Political power and influence

Question 9

Which approach to class measurement focuses on individuals' self-perceived class position?

Accepted Answer

Subjective class identification

Answer

Objective class location

Answer

Bourdieu's class schema

Answer

Cultural capital

Question 10

Bourdieu's concept of habitus refers to:

Accepted Answer

The beliefs and values that shape individuals' behavior

Answer

The economic resources and advantages individuals possess

Answer

The social networks and connections individuals have

Answer

The cultural knowledge and skills individuals acquire

Question 11

What is a key difference between Marx's and Weber's theories of social class?

Accepted Answer

Weber's theory emphasizes status and prestige, while Marx's theory emphasizes ownership of the means of production.

Accepted Answer

Marx's theory suggests that class conflict drives social change, while Weber's theory does not.

Answer

Weber focuses on economic factors, while Marx focuses on social factors.

Answer

Weber's theory is more relevant for understanding modern social structures than Marx's theory.

Question 12

According to the Marxist definition of class, which factor is irrelevant?

Accepted Answer

Level of education

Answer

Control over the means of production

Answer

Relationship to the mode of production

Answer

Access to material resources

Question 13

The concept of 'cultural capital' was proposed by:

Accepted Answer

Pierre Bourdieu

Answer

Karl Marx

Answer

Max Weber

Answer

Antonio Gramsci

Question 14

Which method is NOT commonly used to measure class?

Accepted Answer

Religious affiliation

Answer

Occupation

Answer

Income

Answer

Wealth

Question 15

The term 'social mobility' refers specifically to:

Accepted Answer

The movement of individuals between classes

Answer

The change in class structure over time

Answer

The process of social reproduction

Answer

The impact of education on class inequality

Question 16

The concept of 'intersectionality' highlights that:

Accepted Answer

Different forms of inequality overlap and interact

Answer

Class is the most important factor in determining life chances

Answer

Social class is a more significant factor than race or gender

Answer

Class is not a useful concept in understanding inequality

Question 17

Which is NOT a consequence of class inequality?

Accepted Answer

Greater political participation

Answer

Increased health risks

Answer

Lower educational attainment

Answer

Reduced social mobility

Question 18

In Marx's theory, what is identified as the primary source of social inequality?

Accepted Answer

Capitalism and exploitation

Answer

Wealth and property differences

Answer

Race and gender discrimination

Answer

Cultural factors

Question 19

Bourdieu's concept of 'cultural capital' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Knowledge, skills, and dispositions acquired through upbringing and education

Answer

Economic resources accessible to individuals

Answer

Social networks and relationships maintained

Answer

Political power possessed by individuals

Question 20

What is the definition of 'class consciousness'?

Accepted Answer

Awareness of one's class position and interests

Answer

Belief in the superiority of one's class

Answer

Desire to change one's class position

Answer

Extent to which individuals identify with their class

Question 21

According to Max Weber's theory of class, which of the following is NOT a key characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Cultural capital

Answer

Economic resources

Answer

Social status

Answer

Political power

Question 22

According to Max Weber, what is the primary determinant of class?

Accepted Answer

Both economic position and social status

Answer

Economic position

Answer

Social status

Answer

Neither economic position nor social status

Question 23

Identify the method that is used to measure class based on individuals' job titles and employment relations?

Accepted Answer

Goldthorpe's Class Schema

Answer

Bourdieu's Cultural Capital Theory

Answer

Marx's Class Divisions

Answer

Weber's Status Groups

Question 24

A major criticism of Goldthorpe's Class Schema is that it:

Accepted Answer

Oversimplifies the multifaceted nature of class structure

Answer

Relies heavily on subjective indicators

Answer

Is based on outdated occupational data

Answer

Does not consider cultural differences

Question 25

Identify the key distinction between Marx's and Weber's theories of class:

Accepted Answer

Marx emphasizes economic factors, while Weber emphasizes social factors

Answer

Weber emphasizes objective factors, while Marx emphasizes subjective factors

Answer

Marx views class as a fixed and rigid structure, while Weber sees it as fluid and dynamic

Answer

Weber considers class as the primary determinant of social inequality, while Marx views it as one among many

Question 26

Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital refers to:

Accepted Answer

The sum of knowledge, skills, and dispositions that individuals acquire through their social experiences

Answer

The economic resources that individuals inherit or accumulate

Answer

The social networks and connections that individuals have

Answer

The political power that individuals possess

Question 27

The concept of 'class consciousness' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The awareness of one's class position and the interests that it entails

Answer

The desire to change one's class position

Answer

The prejudice and discrimination faced by members of a particular class

Answer

The solidarity and cooperation among members of a particular class

Question 28

What is the main criticism of using single-factor approaches to measure social class?

Accepted Answer

They fail to capture the multidimensionality of social inequality.

Answer

They rely on subjective self-assessments.

Answer

They can vary significantly across different societies.

Answer

They are only applicable to specific historical periods.

Question 29

Who is credited with developing the concept of 'cultural capital'?

Accepted Answer

Pierre Bourdieu

Answer

Karl Marx

Answer

Max Weber

Answer

Emile Durkheim

Question 30

According to Pierre Bourdieu, which of the following is NOT a key aspect of class?

Accepted Answer

Human capital

Answer

Economic capital

Answer

Cultural capital

Answer

Social capital

Question 31

One criticism of using occupation as a measure of class is that:

Accepted Answer

It does not consider variations in income within occupations.

Answer

It assumes that all occupations are equally prestigious.

Answer

It is excessively subjective.

Answer

It is only suitable for manual workers.

Question 32

One criticism of using income as a measure of class is that:

Accepted Answer

It does not account for variations in wealth.

Answer

It is challenging to collect accurate data on income.

Answer

It assumes that all income comes from employment.

Answer

It is only relevant to the upper class.

Question 33

A criticism of using education level as a measure of class is that:

Accepted Answer

It does not consider variations in educational attainment within social groups.

Answer

It assumes that all education is equally valuable.

Answer

It is overly subjective.

Answer

It is only applicable to the middle class.

Question 34

According to the conflict theory of Karl Marx, the main determinant of class is:

Accepted Answer

Relationship to the means of production

Answer

Wealth

Answer

Social status

Answer

Political power

Question 35

The concept of 'cultural capital' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The accumulated knowledge and skills that enhance social status

Answer

The financial resources available to an individual

Answer

The physical assets owned by a person

Answer

The inherited advantages or disadvantages based on family background

Question 36

The concept of 'relative class position' suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals should be compared to others within their own society

Answer

Class is a static and unchanging category

Answer

Class is determined solely by economic factors

Answer

Class boundaries are always clearly defined

Question 37

According to Max Weber's class theory, which of the following is NOT a dimension of class?

Accepted Answer

Religious affiliation and beliefs

Answer

Economic resources

Answer

Social status and prestige

Answer

Political power and influence

Question 38

Which method of class measurement relies on an individual's self-reported perception of their class position?

Accepted Answer

Subjective class measurement

Answer

Objective class measurement

Answer

Reputational class measurement

Answer

Contextual class measurement

Question 39

The concept of 'cultural capital' is closely associated with which theorist?

Accepted Answer

Pierre Bourdieu

Answer

Karl Marx

Answer

Max Weber

Answer

Anthony Giddens

Question 40

How does the concept of 'class consciousness' influence class struggle?

Accepted Answer

It enables workers to recognize their shared interests and organize for change

Answer

It leads to increased social harmony and consensus

Answer

It results in the decline of class conflict and tensions

Answer

It is irrelevant to class struggle